Ibex diggings in the Negev Desert highlands of Israel as microhabitats for annual plants. Soil salinity, location and digging depth affecting variety and density of plant species ☆
- Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research and Dept. of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boker Campus 84990, Israel
- Received 11 July 1997
- Available online 17 April 2002
- accepted July 28, 197
Abstract
About 400 Nubian ibex (Capra ibex nubiana) dig many hundreds of temporary night beds, approximately 80 cm × 110 cm and 15 cm deep, on slopes near the edges of the cliffs bordering the Zin valley. The beds are used according to the wind direction and the size of the ibex group, which depends on the ibex social behaviour during the year.
The diggings are gradually abandoned and become important microhabitats for seed accumulation and germination, seedling development and annual plant establishment. These are influenced by soil salinity, slope direction and angle, digging depth, and the time since the diggings were abandoned. A greater variety of plant species and plant density were found in these diggings than upslope from the diggings.
Keywords
- abandoned ibex diggings;
- annual plant density;
- annual plant settlement;
- desert microhabitats;
- runoff water flow accumulation;
- soil salinity;
- temporary ibex night beds
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