- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Dr. rer. Nat. Industrial Biotechnology
M.Sc. Technology Management
M.Sc. Microbiology
B.Sc. Microbiology-Chemistryedit
Citrus hystrix DC. with common name makrut lime or kafir lemon, is a very popular traditional medicinal plant as well as an important spice in Asiatic countries. The plant is native of the Indonesian island Sumbawa, then, it is cultivated... more
Citrus hystrix DC. with common name makrut lime or kafir lemon, is a very popular traditional medicinal plant as well as an important spice in Asiatic countries. The plant is native of the Indonesian island Sumbawa, then, it is cultivated in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and the tropical region of Asia. It mainly contains essential oil and phenolic compounds. The most intense odor compounds of kafir lemon are Citronellal, L-Linalool, 1,8-Cineole , á-Terpeneol and ä-Cadinene. Such as Citrusosides-A and furanocoumarines, Makrut lime content also non-volatile compounds like alkaloids and glyceroglycolipids. Citrus hystrix DC has many biological activities due to its volatile and nonvolatile compounds, and it has been used in traditional medicine for treating various illnesses, particularly cold pain and stomach disorder. It is also used as a juice for its fruit or as spice for its aromatic leaves. This review covers data on the chemistry and biological effects of Citrus hystrix DC biomolecules, and aims to lay the foundation for further study on the extraction enhancement of these biomolecules and more useful formulations.
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Proteases enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing peptide bonds in proteins. They can be found in all living organisms. Bacterial proteases enzymes have great pharmaceutical importance due to their key role in biological processes and in the... more
Proteases enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing peptide bonds in proteins. They can be found in all living organisms. Bacterial proteases enzymes have great pharmaceutical importance due to their key role in biological processes and in the life-cycle of many pathogens. New technologies for rationally protein engineering proteases, as well as improved delivery options, will expand greatly the potential pharmaceutical applications of enzymes. Proteases are extensively applied agents in several sectors of pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, numerous research applications predominant use of proteases has been in killing tumor cells, they are also emerging as useful agents in El Enshasy HA et al Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2017, 9(2):9-20 ______________________________________________________________________________ 10 Scholar Research Library the treatment of digestive disorders, inflammation, and other diseases. The aim of this paper is to review the biotechnological aspects of proteases enzymes and summarize their pharmaceutical applications in the life sciences.
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Less than two decades ago, immunotherapy joined chemotherapy and radiotherapy as an effective approach for the treatment of cancer. The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, is now used to treat almost all types of non-Hodgkin’s... more
Less than two decades ago, immunotherapy joined chemotherapy and radiotherapy as an effective approach for the treatment of cancer. The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, is now used to treat almost all types of non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphomas,
and it could be useful in the treatment of other diseases with B-cell involvement. Upon binding, rituximab induces death of the target cells. It seems to act not only by activating immune system defense mechanisms such as complement-dependent and antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity, but also by inducing direct cell death. In this paper, we review current knowledge on rituximab mechanisms of action, with particular attention to its direct effects, and also highlight potential future avenues of research.
and it could be useful in the treatment of other diseases with B-cell involvement. Upon binding, rituximab induces death of the target cells. It seems to act not only by activating immune system defense mechanisms such as complement-dependent and antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity, but also by inducing direct cell death. In this paper, we review current knowledge on rituximab mechanisms of action, with particular attention to its direct effects, and also highlight potential future avenues of research.
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Lactobacillus delbrueckii sp. bulgaricus WICC-B-02 is new probiotic strain which was initially isolated from the mother’s milk. As lactic acid bacterium, it’s known as a highly efficient probiotic microorganism with a wide range of... more
Lactobacillus delbrueckii sp. bulgaricus WICC-B-02 is new probiotic strain which was initially isolated from the
mother’s milk. As lactic acid bacterium, it’s known as a highly efficient probiotic microorganism with a wide
range of benefits on the human health. This study was conducted to design and establish industrial platform for
high cell mass production of L. delbrueckii sp. bulgaricus for pharmaceutical and food industries application.
However, due to low cell mass production caused by the accumulation of lactic acid during the cultivation of
lactic acid bacteria, therefore, the optimization of cell mass production with low lactic acid production was
developed in this study. The new formulation of the production medium was developed by optimizing the main
components such as glucose (30 g.L-1), yeast extract (6.0 g.L-1) and peptone (6.0 g.L-1) in shake flask cultivation.
The cell mass production was 3.14 g.L-1, and it increased to 6.08g.L-1 with the lactic acid production being
reduced by about 33%, compared to the un-optimized medium.
mother’s milk. As lactic acid bacterium, it’s known as a highly efficient probiotic microorganism with a wide
range of benefits on the human health. This study was conducted to design and establish industrial platform for
high cell mass production of L. delbrueckii sp. bulgaricus for pharmaceutical and food industries application.
However, due to low cell mass production caused by the accumulation of lactic acid during the cultivation of
lactic acid bacteria, therefore, the optimization of cell mass production with low lactic acid production was
developed in this study. The new formulation of the production medium was developed by optimizing the main
components such as glucose (30 g.L-1), yeast extract (6.0 g.L-1) and peptone (6.0 g.L-1) in shake flask cultivation.
The cell mass production was 3.14 g.L-1, and it increased to 6.08g.L-1 with the lactic acid production being
reduced by about 33%, compared to the un-optimized medium.
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The process for high cell mass and spore production by Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti) on semi-industrial scale was developed. Cultivations were conducted in shake flask and bioreactor levels to develop a semi-industrial... more
The process for high cell mass and spore production by Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti) on semi-industrial scale was developed. Cultivations were conducted in shake flask and bioreactor levels to develop a semi-industrial scale process for the production of Bti cells and spores. The composition of the most suitable cultivation medium was further optimized to enhance biomass and spore production and also to reduce the production time. Furthermore, cultivations were performed in 16-L stirred tank bioreactor to investigate the scalability of this process and to study the effect of different aeration rates. The optimization of the main three components of the cultivation medium, i.e. glucose, ammonium sulphate and phosphate, resulted in a significant increase in both cell growth and spore formation by about 32% and 119%, respectively. Scaling up the cultivation process from shake flask to 16-L bioreactor further improved the process. Maximal cell mass of 16.06 g.L-1 concomitant with a spore production of 152×107 spores.mL-1 was achieved in 1v.v-1.min-1 aerated culture. In terms of cell growth and spore production, these results were 5- and 8.5-fold higher, respectively, compared with the initial un-optimized medium in shake flask culture. The results obtained in this study improved the process of Bti production in semi-industrial scale through the optimization of both the cultivation medium composition and the aeration rate in pilot scale stirred tank bioreactor.
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Phytase production using Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), a recombinant strain harboring a plasmid encoding thermostable Bacillus phytase, in semi-industrial scale was studied in this work. Among the factors needed to be considered in order... more
Phytase production using Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), a recombinant strain harboring a plasmid encoding thermostable Bacillus phytase, in semi-industrial scale was studied in this work. Among the factors needed to be considered in order to achieve high enzyme yield, aeration rate plays an important role. Suitable aeration is required to
supply cells with sufficient amount of air for cell and phytase production. The effect of different aeration rates, (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 vv-1min-1), on the kinetics of cell growth and phytase production by the recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) in 16-L pilot scale stirred tank bioreactor was investigated. The highest cell concentration of 3.81 gL-1 concomitant with the maximal total phytase production of 15.63 UmL-1 were obtained in a bioreactor of aeration rate 3.0vv-1min-1. At this high aeration rate, a maximal specific growth rate (μmax) and the maximal specific phytase production of 0.33 h-1 and 4102Ug-1, respectively, were achieved.
supply cells with sufficient amount of air for cell and phytase production. The effect of different aeration rates, (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 vv-1min-1), on the kinetics of cell growth and phytase production by the recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) in 16-L pilot scale stirred tank bioreactor was investigated. The highest cell concentration of 3.81 gL-1 concomitant with the maximal total phytase production of 15.63 UmL-1 were obtained in a bioreactor of aeration rate 3.0vv-1min-1. At this high aeration rate, a maximal specific growth rate (μmax) and the maximal specific phytase production of 0.33 h-1 and 4102Ug-1, respectively, were achieved.
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Fungal immunomodulators are high-value compounds in nutraceuticals and the high-value pharmaceutical market. Fungal immunosuppressors such as cyclosporins, mycophenolic acid and their derivatives are important medicines for the treatment... more
Fungal immunomodulators are high-value compounds in nutraceuticals and the high-value pharmaceutical market. Fungal immunosuppressors such as cyclosporins, mycophenolic acid and their derivatives are important medicines for the treatment of many diseases; and they are widely used as the main therapy for pre- and post-organ transplantation treatments to minimize the risk of the body’s rejection of the xenotransplanted organ. Further, fungal immunostimulators have a long history in nutraceuticals and preventive medicine through stimulation of the body defense mechanisms. However, most of the known immunostimulators were obtained from macrofungi (mushrooms). More recently, many fungal immunostimulators were used effectively to prevent and to treat many types of cancer. Thus, both the roles of immunosuppressor and immunostimulator are equally important. This chapter provides recent information regarding the chemistry, biosynthesis and industrial production of different types of fungal immunomodulators.
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Streptomyces rimosus Pfizer 18234-2 living cells were immobilized physically by adsorption on glass wall of 8m diameter. The effect of inoculum age on the cell growth and oxytetracycline (OTC) production for both free and immobilized... more
Streptomyces rimosus Pfizer 18234-2 living cells were immobilized physically by adsorption on glass wall of 8m diameter. The effect of inoculum age on the cell growth and oxytetracycline (OTC) production for both free and immobilized cells was studied. The highest yield for OTC production was obtained when the inoculum was used in the form of spores or as a 24 h old vegetative cell culture. Moreover, immobilization decreased the lag time for both cell growth and OTC production. The periodic batch culture was continued for 40 days without a remarkable decrease in OTC production by immobilized cells. On the other hand the OTC production by free cells decreased from one batch to the next and completely stopped after 28 days of cultivation.
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... Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry. Divisions: Chemical and Natural Resource Engineering. ID Code: 14878. Deposited By: Liza Porijo. Deposited On: 15 Sep 2011 10:44. Last Modified: 15 Sep 2011 10:44. Repository Staff... more
... Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry. Divisions: Chemical and Natural Resource Engineering. ID Code: 14878. Deposited By: Liza Porijo. Deposited On: 15 Sep 2011 10:44. Last Modified: 15 Sep 2011 10:44. Repository Staff Only: item control page. ...