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'''Rohypnol''' is the common name for a drug called '''flunitrazepam'''. A slang term for it is '''roofies'''. The drug is sold |
'''Rohypnol''' is the common name for a drug of the [[Benzodiazepine]] class called '''flunitrazepam'''. A slang term for it is '''roofies'''. The drug is sold illegally, and it has many medical uses. It is a strong [[hypnotic]] (a drug that causes sleep); a [[sedative]] (causing relaxation and [[Somnolence|sleepiness]]); an anticonvulsant (fighting [[seizure]]s); an [[anxiolytic]] (relieving [[anxiety]]); [[amnesia|amnestic]] (causing forgetfulness); and [[Skeletal muscle relaxant|skeletal]] [[muscle relaxant]]. <ref>{{cite journal |author=Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA |title=Benzodiazepine metabolism: an analytical perspective |journal=Current Drug Metabolism |volume=9 |issue=8 |pages=827–44 |year=2008 |pmid=18855614 |doi=10.2174/138920008786049258 |url=http://www.benthamdirect.org/pages/content.php?CDM/2008/00000009/00000008/0009F.SGM |access-date=2020-12-30 |archive-date=2009-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090317092123/http://www.benthamdirect.org/pages/content.php?CDM%2F2008%2F00000009%2F00000008%2F0009F.SGM |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most often, it is used as a treatment for [[sleep disorder]]s like [[insomnia]]. It is thought to be one of the most effective hypnotic medications. |
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Like other hypnotics, flunitrazepam should be used only on a short-term basis or in those with serious insomnia on an occasional basis.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Rickels | first = K. | year = 1986 | title = The clinical use of hypnotics: indications for use and the need for a variety of hypnotics | journal = Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl. | volume = 74 | issue = S332 | pages = 132–41 | pmid = 2883820 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb08990.x }}</ref> |
Like other hypnotics, flunitrazepam should be used only on a short-term basis or in those with serious insomnia on an occasional basis.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Rickels | first = K. | year = 1986 | title = The clinical use of hypnotics: indications for use and the need for a variety of hypnotics | journal = Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl. | volume = 74 | issue = S332 | pages = 132–41 | pmid = 2883820 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb08990.x | s2cid = 46560074 }}</ref> |
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Flunitrazepam is often called a [[Date Rape|date rape]] drug because it is very powerful, has strong effects, and can cause strong [[amnesia]] (causing a person to forget what happened after taking the drug). |
Flunitrazepam is often called a [[Date Rape|date rape]] drug because it is very powerful, has strong effects, and can cause strong [[amnesia]] (causing a person to forget what happened after taking the drug). |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[Benzodiazepine]]s were created in 1957 by Roche, a healthcare and [[pharmaceuticals|pharmaceutical]] company. Roche started selling flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) in 1975. At first, hospitals used the drug when a patient needed a deep sleep. It was sold commercially in 1975 in Europe, and in the 1990s in the United States. The drug was given the brand name Rohypnol.<ref name="roche">{{cite web|url=http://www.roche.com/home/company/com_hist.htm|title=Our History|publisher=Roche|archiveurl= |
[[Benzodiazepine]]s were created in 1957 by Roche, a healthcare and [[pharmaceuticals|pharmaceutical]] company. Roche started selling flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) in 1975. At first, hospitals used the drug when a patient needed a deep sleep. It was sold commercially in 1975 in [[Europe]], and in the 1990s in the [[United States]]. The drug was given the brand name Rohypnol.<ref name="roche">{{cite web|url=http://www.roche.com/home/company/com_hist.htm|title=Our History|publisher=Roche|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016162230/http://www.roche.com/home/company/com_hist.htm|archivedate=2006-10-16}}</ref> |
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==Effects== |
==Effects== |
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Rohypnol is usually taken by mouth. It has a long active period {{ndash}} its effects can last 18 to 26 hours, and it can be found in urine and blood tests. This means that the day after taking the drug, a person may keep feeling tired and having trouble with thinking and balance. Even after a full day, driving a car may still be dangerous. |
Rohypnol is usually taken by mouth. It has a long active period {{ndash}} its effects can last 18 to 26 hours, and it can be found in [[Urine test|urine]] and [[Blood test|blood tests]]. This means that the day after taking the drug, a person may keep feeling tired and having trouble with thinking and balance. Even after a full day, driving a car may still be dangerous. |
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The drug is often involved in drug [[intoxication]], including [[overdose]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |
The drug is often involved in drug [[intoxication]], including [[overdose]]s.<ref>{{cite journal | year = 2002 | title = Analysis of benzodiazepine derivative mixture by gas-liquid chromatography | journal = Medicina (Kaunas) | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 316–20 | pmid = 12474705 | last1 = Zevzikovas | first1 = A. | last2 = Kiliuviene | first2 = G. | last3 = Ivanauskas | first3 = L. | last4 = Dirse | first4 = V. }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Jonasson B, Saldeen T |title=Citalopram in fatal poisoning cases |journal = Forensic Science International |volume=126 |issue=1 |pages=1–6 |year=2002 |pmid=11955823 |doi= 10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00632-6|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0379073801006326}}</ref> Overdose of flunitrazepam may cause long-term sedation, poor balance, and poor speech. In serious overdoses, people may have [[Trouble breathing|breathing problems]], [[coma]], and possibly [[death]]. The overdose will be worse if flunitrazepam is taken with [[depressant]]s, like [[alcohol]] or [[opiate]]s. Flunitrazepam overdose can be treated.<!-- with flumazebecome widely known in the USA for its use as a date rape drug. It is used by high school and college students, rave party members, and [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]] users (who call a tablet of flunitrazepam a "roofie").--> |
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Rohypnol has become widely known in the USA for its use as a date rape drug. However, people more commonly use it as a recreational drug. It is used by high school and college students, rave party members, and [[heroin]] and [[cocaine]] users (who call a tablet of flunitrazepam a "roofie"). |
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==Other names== |
==Other names== |
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* forget it |
* forget it |
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* forget-me-pill |
* forget-me-pill |
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* forget-me-now |
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* Mexican Valium. |
* Mexican Valium. |
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* Magic date |
* Magic date |
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* date-rape drug |
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<!--* rumraketter--> |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Hypnotics and sedatives}} |
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[[Category:Drugs used in psychiatry]] |
[[Category:Drugs used in psychiatry]] |
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[[Category:Organonitrogen compounds]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
Latest revision as of 15:15, 4 June 2024
Rohypnol is the common name for a drug of the Benzodiazepine class called flunitrazepam. A slang term for it is roofies. The drug is sold illegally, and it has many medical uses. It is a strong hypnotic (a drug that causes sleep); a sedative (causing relaxation and sleepiness); an anticonvulsant (fighting seizures); an anxiolytic (relieving anxiety); amnestic (causing forgetfulness); and skeletal muscle relaxant. [1] Most often, it is used as a treatment for sleep disorders like insomnia. It is thought to be one of the most effective hypnotic medications.
Like other hypnotics, flunitrazepam should be used only on a short-term basis or in those with serious insomnia on an occasional basis.[2]
Flunitrazepam is often called a date rape drug because it is very powerful, has strong effects, and can cause strong amnesia (causing a person to forget what happened after taking the drug).
History[change | change source]
Benzodiazepines were created in 1957 by Roche, a healthcare and pharmaceutical company. Roche started selling flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) in 1975. At first, hospitals used the drug when a patient needed a deep sleep. It was sold commercially in 1975 in Europe, and in the 1990s in the United States. The drug was given the brand name Rohypnol.[3]
Effects[change | change source]
Rohypnol is usually taken by mouth. It has a long active period – its effects can last 18 to 26 hours, and it can be found in urine and blood tests. This means that the day after taking the drug, a person may keep feeling tired and having trouble with thinking and balance. Even after a full day, driving a car may still be dangerous.
The drug is often involved in drug intoxication, including overdoses.[4][5] Overdose of flunitrazepam may cause long-term sedation, poor balance, and poor speech. In serious overdoses, people may have breathing problems, coma, and possibly death. The overdose will be worse if flunitrazepam is taken with depressants, like alcohol or opiates. Flunitrazepam overdose can be treated.
Other names[change | change source]
Some of the street names for Rohypnol are:
- beans (ZA)
- rophy
- ruffles
- roachies
- roofies
- ruffies
- ruff-up
- rib
- roach 2 (R2)
- roche
- rope
- ropies
- circles
- circes
- forget it
- forget-me-pill
- forget-me-now
- Mexican Valium.
- Magic date
- date-rape drug
References[change | change source]
- ↑ Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA (2008). "Benzodiazepine metabolism: an analytical perspective". Current Drug Metabolism. 9 (8): 827–44. doi:10.2174/138920008786049258. PMID 18855614. Archived from the original on 2009-03-17. Retrieved 2020-12-30.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Rickels, K. (1986). "The clinical use of hypnotics: indications for use and the need for a variety of hypnotics". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl. 74 (S332): 132–41. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb08990.x. PMID 2883820. S2CID 46560074.
- ↑ "Our History". Roche. Archived from the original on 2006-10-16.
- ↑ Zevzikovas, A.; Kiliuviene, G.; Ivanauskas, L.; Dirse, V. (2002). "Analysis of benzodiazepine derivative mixture by gas-liquid chromatography". Medicina (Kaunas). 38 (3): 316–20. PMID 12474705.
- ↑ Jonasson B, Saldeen T (2002). "Citalopram in fatal poisoning cases". Forensic Science International. 126 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00632-6. PMID 11955823.