The induction of mucosal immunity is very important in conferring protection against
pathogens that typically invade via mucosal surfaces. Delivery of a vaccine to a mucosal …

Delivery of vaccines to mucosal surfaces can elicit humoral and cell‐mediated responses of
the mucosal and systemic immune systems, evoke less pain and discomfort than parenteral …

Vaccination is a great asset for eradication of infectious diseases in humans and animals.
With the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains and an alarming increase in new …

Exploiting plants as biological bioreactors for production and delivery of edible oral subunit
vaccines is a promising application of biotechnology. Efforts to enhance expression levels of …

Over the past decade, scientific advances in molecular biology and immunology have
improved understanding of many diseases and led to the development of novel strategies …

The use of edible plants for the production and delivery of vaccine proteins could provide an
economical alternative to fermentation systems. Genes encoding bacterial and viral antigens …

Although the plant‐made vaccine field started three decades ago with the promise of
developing low‐cost vaccines to prevent infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics …

Mucosal immunization of the gastrointestinal tract is an effective way to stimulate local and
systemic immune responses. Oral vaccines must be formulated in such a way that antigens …

Most pathogenic microorganisms enter their host via the mucosal surfaces lining the
digestive, respiratory and urino-reproductive tracts of the body. The most efficient means of …

In developed and developing countries, oral vaccine formulations that elicit protection at
mucosal surfaces are attractive vaccine candidates. Research has shown that vaccine …