A comparison of symptom provocation procedures in psychiatry and other areas of medicine: implications for their ethical use in research

MT Avila, RR Conley, WT Carpenter Jr - Biological psychiatry, 2001 - Elsevier
Background: Symptom provocation is used to study a wide variety of medical disorders. In
contrast to other areas of medicine, the application of these procedures to the study of
mental disease has generated significant scientific, political, and public debate. Purported
differences include an overabundance of these procedures in psychiatry and a lack of
diagnostic and therapeutic utility. Accurate appraisal of these research designs is needed to
address scientific merit and ethical concerns. This article provides a general review of …