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U+82DB, 苛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82DB

[U+82DA]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+82DC]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿一弓口 (TMNR), four-corner 44621, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30785
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3187, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+82DB

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms obsolete

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡaːl) : semantic + phonetic (OC *kʰaːlʔ).

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter ha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦa/
Li
Rong
/ɣɑ/
Wang
Li
/ɣɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ho4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7460
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaːl/

Definitions

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  1. harsh; severe; exacting
      ―  yán  ―  strict and harsh
      ―    ―  to severely criticise

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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  1. (alt. form ) to denounce; to condemn; to decry

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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  1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to put on airs; to give oneself airs
  2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) supercilious; arrogant; haughty; proud

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. torment
  2. (chemistry) (ateji) caustic

Readings

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC ha).

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 매울 (mae'ul ga))

  1. hanja form? of (harsh)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings:

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.