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| region11 = {{flag|Taiwan}}
| pop11 = 649
| ref11 = <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tibetan Diaspora in Taiwan: Who Are They and Why They Are Invisible (2)|url=https://taiwaninsight.org/2022/11/17/tibetan-diaspora-in-taiwan-who-are-they-and-why-they-are-invisible-2/|access-date=26 April 2024|website=taiwaninsight.org|date=17 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
| region12 =
| pop12 =
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[[File:チベット人の物売りnepal・Img188.jpg|thumb|Tibetan peddler living in [[Nepal]]]]
The Tibetic languages ({{bo|t=བོད་སྐད།}}) are a cluster of mutually unintelligible [[Sino-Tibetan languages]] spoken by approximately 8 million people, primarily Tibetan, living across a wide area of [[East Asia|East]] and [[South Asia]], including the [[Tibetan Plateau]] and [[Baltistan]], [[Ladakh]], Nepal, [[Sikkim]], and Bhutan. [[Classical Tibetan]] is a major regional literary language, particularly for its use in [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] literature.
<ref name="Thurgood LaPolla 2016 p. ">{{cite book |
The [[Central Tibetan language]] (the dialects of [[Ü-Tsang]], including [[Lhasa]]), [[Khams Tibetan]], and [[Amdo Tibetan]] are generally considered to be dialects of a single language, especially since they all share the same literary language, while [[Dzongkha]], [[Sikkimese language|Sikkimese]], [[Sherpa language|Sherpa]], and [[Ladakhi language|Ladakhi]] are generally considered to be separate languages.<ref name="Smith 2016 p. 85">{{cite book | last=Smith | first=D. | title=
[[File:Tibetan Middle Aged Lady.jpg|thumb|Tibetan Middle aged woman in [[Sikkim]]]]
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==Ethnic origins==
The ethnic roots of Tibetans can be traced back to a deep Eastern Asian lineage representing the indigenous population of the Tibetan plateau since c. 40,000 to 30,000 years ago, and arriving Neolithic farmers from the [[Yellow River]] within the last 10,000 years, and which can be associated with having introduced the [[Sino-Tibetan languages]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Chi-Chun |last2=Witonsky |first2=David |last3=Gosling |first3=Anna |last4=Lee |first4=Ju Hyeon |last5=Ringbauer |first5=Harald |last6=Hagan |first6=Richard |last7=Patel |first7=Nisha |last8=Stahl |first8=Raphaela |last9=Novembre |first9=John |last10=Aldenderfer |first10=Mark |last11=Warinner |first11=Christina |last12=Di Rienzo |first12=Anna |last13=Jeong |first13=Choongwon |date=8 March 2022 |title=Ancient genomes from the Himalayas illuminate the genetic history of Tibetans and their Tibeto-Burman speaking neighbors
=== Genetics ===
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==== Haplogroups ====
[[File:Migration of the Y chromosome haplogroup C, D, N and O.png|thumb|Proposed migration routes of the East Asian Y chromosome haplogroups C, D, N and O]]Tibetan males predominantly belong to the paternal lineage [[Haplogroup D-M174|D-M174]] followed by lower amounts of [[Haplogroup O-M175|O-M175]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bhandari |first1=Sushil |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaoming |title=Genetic evidence of a recent Tibetan ancestry to Sherpas in the Himalayan region |journal=Scientific Reports |date=5 November 2015 |volume=5 |pages=16249 |doi=10.1038/srep16249 |pmid=26538459 |pmc=4633682 |bibcode=2015NatSR...516249B |issn=2045-2322}} "Comparing Sherpas, Tibetans, and Han Chinese showed that the D-M174 is the predominant haplogroup in Sherpas (43.38%) and prevalent in Tibetans (52.84%)5, but rare among both Han Chinese (1.4–6.51%)6,7 and other Asian populations (0.02–0.07%)8, aside from Japanese (34.7%) who possesses a distinct D-M174 lineage highly diverged from those in Tibetans and other Asian populations9,10."</ref> Tibetan females belong mainly to the Northeast Asian maternal haplogroups M9a1a, M9a1b, D4g2, D4i and G2ac, showing continuity with ancient middle and upper [[Yellow River]] populations.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Ganyu |last2=Cui |first2=Can |last3=Wangdue |first3=Shargan |title=Maternal genetic history of ancient Tibetans over the past 4000 years |journal=Journal of Genetics and Genomics |date=16 March 2023 |volume=50 |issue=10 |pages=765–775 |doi=10.1016/j.jgg.2023.03.007 |pmid=36933795 |s2cid=257588399
Although "East Asian Highlanders" (associated with [[haplogroup D1]]) are closely related to East Asian lowland farmers (associated with [[Haplogroup O-M175|haplogroup O]]), they form a divergent sister branch to them.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lu |first1=Dongsheng |last2=Lou |first2=Haiyi |last3=Yuan |first3=Kai |last4=Wang |first4=Xiaoji |last5=Wang |first5=Yuchen |last6=Zhang |first6=Chao |last7=Lu |first7=Yan |last8=Yang |first8=Xiong |last9=Deng |first9=Lian |last10=Zhou |first10=Ying |last11=Feng |first11=Qidi |date=1 September 2016 |title=Ancestral Origins and Genetic History of Tibetan Highlanders |journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics |language=English |volume=99 |issue=3 |pages=580–594 |doi=10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.07.002 |issn=0002-9297 |pmc=5011065 |pmid=27569548 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
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===Cuisine===
[[File:Tibetan breakfast.jpg|thumb|A simple Tibetan breakfast]]
The [[Cuisine of Tibet]] reflects the rich heritage of the country and people's adaptation to high altitude and religious culinary restrictions. The most important crop is [[barley]]. Dough made from barley flour, called [[tsampa]], is the [[staple food]] of [[Tibet]]. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called [[momo (food)|momos]]. [[Meat]] dishes are likely to be [[yak]], [[goat]] or [[mutton]], often dried or cooked into a spicy [[stew]] with [[potato]]es. [[Mustard seed]] is cultivated in Tibet and therefore features heavily in its cuisine. Yak [[yogurt]], [[butter]] and [[cheese]] are frequently eaten and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.exploretibet.com/blog/shoton-festival-in-tibet/|title=Shoton Festival – The Yogurt Celebration of Tibet|date=16 August 2018|website=Explore Tibet|language=en-US|access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="Dorfe 1985 p. ">{{cite book | last=Dorfe | first=R. | title=Food in Tibetan Life | publisher=Prospect Books | series=William G. Lockwood and Yvonne R. Lockwood Collection of National, Ethnic and Regional Foodways | year=1985 | isbn=978-0-907325-26-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SPxyws35JPkC | access-date=13 March 2024 | page=}}</ref><ref name="Goldstein Beall 1990 p. 35">{{cite book |
===Clothing===
Men and Women wear long thick dresses (''[[chuba]]'') in more traditional and rural regions.<ref name="Wang Liang Shi 2022 p. 438">{{cite book |
===Literature===
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