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{{Use dmy dates|date=August
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2012}}
{{Infobox Australian place | type = town
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| image = Tanunda.jpg
| caption = Looking across the vineyards towards Tanunda from [[Mengler Hill]] Lookout
| coordinates = {{coord|34|31|0|S|138|58|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_label_position = top
| lga = Barossa Council
| postcode = 5352
| pop = 4,
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|
| pop_footnotes =
| est = 1848
| stategov = [[Electoral district of Schubert|Schubert]]
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| dir1 = North East
| location1= [[Adelaide]] via [[File:Australian National Route A20.svg|25px]] [[File:Australian Alphanumeric State Route B19.svg|25px]]
| near-n =
* [[Stone Well, South Australia|Stone Well]]<ref name="PLB">{{Cite web |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb |title=Properly Location Browser (Search: Tanunda, LOCB) |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |accessdate=5 February 2016}}</ref>▼
* [[Bethany, South Australia|Bethany]]▼
▲* [[Vine Vale, South Australia|Vine Vale]]
| near-se = {{plainlist |
▲* [[Bethany, South Australia|Bethany]]
* [[Krondorf, South Australia|Krondorf]]
}}
| near-s = [[Rowland Flat, South Australia|Rowland Flat]]
| near-sw = [[
| near-w = [[
| near-nw =
* [[
* [[
}}
▲
}}
'''Tanunda''' is a town situated in the [[Barossa Valley]] region of [[South Australia]]
==
Tanunda is located {{Convert|66|km|mi}} north-east of the state capital, [[Adelaide]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Boon |first=Robert |title=The Concise Encyclopedia of Australia and New Zealand |publisher=Horwitz Grahame Pty Limited |year=1991 |isbn=0 7255 2236 4 |edition=10th |volume=2 |location=Sydney |pages=787}}</ref>
==History==
The town derives its name from an [[Indigenous Australian|Aboriginal]] word meaning ''water hole,''{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} or 'wild fowl on creek.'<ref name=":1" />
Tanunda was established as a village by Charles Flaxman, circa 1848.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Manning |first=Geoffrey |date=2012 |title=A Compendium of the Place Names of South Australia: Table Lands - Tyrone pdf |url=https://published.collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/placenamesofsouthaustralia/T.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240321200303/https://published.collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/placenamesofsouthaustralia/T.pdf |archive-date=21 March 2024 |access-date=1 June 2024 |website=The State Library of South Australia - Digital Publications}}</ref>
In 1856, gold was reported at Tanunda Creek.<ref name=":2" />
[[German people|Prussian]] immigrants who arrived with Pastor [[Gotthard Fritzsche]] founded the village of [[Bethany, South Australia|Bethanien]] in 1842, the first settlement in the vicinity of today's Tanunda. One year later, Prussians relocating from [[Klemzig, South Australia|Klemzig]] on the [[Torrens River]], where they had settled upon immigrating in 1838 with Pastor [[August Kavel]], came to the Barossa Valley and founded the village of Langmeil. Their new community bore the name of a Prussian town near [[Zullichau]], from where the settlers had originated; it is now a Polish village known as [[Okunin]]. Sometime later, another village was founded and named Tanunda. Due to anti-German sentiments, both Langmeil and Bethanien were [[Australian place names changed from German names|renamed]] during the [[World War I|Great War]] to Bilyara and Bethany respectively, although Bilyara reverted to Langmeil in 1975. As development of the Tanunda area continued, the villages of Langmeil and Tanunda were joined. Today the township is simply called Tanunda.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}
== Demographics ==
In the 1986 census, Tanunda recorded a population of 2,856 people.<ref name=":1" />
In the [[2016 Australian census|2016 census]], Tanunda recorded a population of 4,588 people, 51.3% female and 48.7% male. The median age of the Tanunda population was 47 years, 9 years above the national median of 38. 83.4% of people living in Tanunda were born in Australia. The other top responses for country of birth were England 4.5%, Germany 0.8%, New Zealand 0.8%, Scotland 0.6% and the Netherlands 0.3%. 91.6% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 0.9% German, 0.4% Mandarin, 0.2% Italian, 0.2% Latvian and 0.1% Gujarati.<ref>{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC41406|name=Tanunda (State Suburb)|access-date=1 June 2024|quick=off}}</ref>
In the [[2021 Australian census|2021 census]], Tanunda recorded a population of 4,710 people, 51.4% female and 48.6% male. The median age of the Tanunda population was 48 years, 10 years above the national median of 38. 85.0% of people living in Tanunda were born in Australia. The other top responses for country of birth were England 4.4%, New Zealand 1.0%, Germany 0.9%, Scotland 0.6%, and South Africa 0.4%. 93.2% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 0.7% German, 0.4% Mandarin, 0.2% Hindi, 0.1% Nepali, and 0.1% Spanish.<ref name=":0" />
==Industry==
{{See also|Barossa Valley (wine)}}
Tanunda and the [[Barossa Valley]] comprise one of Australia's premier wine-growing areas, and the town is surrounded by [[vineyards]]. One such vineyard, [[Turkey Flat]], is home to [[Shiraz (wine)|Shiraz]] vines that were planted in 1847 and are believed to be the world's oldest continually producing commercial vineyard that has been authenticated.<ref name="Miscellany">G. Harding ''"A Wine Miscellany"''
{{Further|Modistach (automobile)}}
==Railway==
The line from Gawler to Angaston opened through Tanunda and Nuriootpa in 1911. It was served by regular commuter passenger trains until 16 December 1968. The passing and goods sidings at the station were removed in the 1990s but the shed and goods platform remain today. In November 1996, [[TransAdelaide]] introduced Sunday-only trial passenger train services to Nuriootpa. Later, the Barossa Wine Train was introduced from Adelaide to Tanunda. This ended in 2003. The Penrice limestone train continued to use the line until June 2014. Local radio station 5BBB has occupied the station building since the mid-1990s and the line has been booked out of use.
==Culture==
The German heritage of Tanunda is still present today. The town has a male choir the [[Tanunda Liedertafel]], the history of which is thought to date back to
==
Historically, Tanunda (and Adelaide) was the home to a number of the earliest [[South Australia]]n newspapers that were printed primarily in German. German newspapers were set up by early settlers, but many were forced to close or merge due to labour shortages caused by the [[Victorian gold rush]] of the 1850s-1860s.
* ''Deutsche Zeitung für Süd-Australien'' (1851)
* ''[[Süd Australische Zeitung]]'' (1860–1874) - Tanunda/Adelaide
* ''Australisches Unterhaltungsblatt'' (1862-1916) - a supplement to the ''Süd Australische Zeitung'' and ''Australische Zeitung''
* ''Tanunda Deutsche Zeitung'' (1863-1869) - later renamed ''Australische Deutsche Zeitung''
* ''Australische Deutsche Zeitung'' (1870-1874) - Tanunda/Adelaide: a Melbourne edition of the newspaper was also printed 1870–1872.
* ''[[Australische Zeitung]]'' (1875–1916) - Tanunda/Adelaide: formed by the merger of ''Süd Australische Zeitung'', and ''Australische Deutsche Zeitung''; closed due to WWI
* ''Australische Zeitung'' (1927-1929) - attempted revival
Two weekly English-language newspapers served the area:
==See also==▼
*''[[The Leader (Angaston)|The Leader]]'', has been operating in the area since 1918.
* The ''[[Barossa and Light Herald]]'' from 1951, though its antecedents date from 1860.
▲== See also ==
* [[Adelaide Liedertafel]]
* [[Barossa Valley]]
* [[Barossa Deutsch]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Light Regional Council localities}}
{{Barossa Council localities}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Towns in South Australia]]
[[Category:Barossa Valley]]
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