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'''Phonotactics''' (from [[Ancient Greek]] {{transliteration|grc|phōnḗ}} "voice, sound" and {{transliteration|grc|taktikós}} "having to do with arranging")<ref>{{LSJ|fwnh/|φωνή}}, {{LSJ|taktiko/s|τακτικός|ref}}</ref> is a branch of [[phonology]] that deals with restrictions in a [[language]] on the permissible combinations of [[phoneme]]s. Phonotactics defines permissible [[syllable]] structure, [[consonant cluster]]s and [[vowel]] sequences by means of ''phonotactic constraints''.
Phonotactic constraints are highly language-specific. For example, in [[Japanese language|Japanese]], consonant clusters like {{IPA|/st/}} do not occur. Similarly, the clusters {{IPA|/kn/}} and {{IPA|/ɡn/}} are not permitted at the beginning of a word in Modern English but are in [[German language|German]] and [[Dutch language|Dutch]] (in which the latter appears as {{IPA|/ɣn/}}) and were permitted in [[Old English|Old]] and [[Middle English]].<ref>{{Cite journal |
Syllables have the following internal segmental structure:
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* No onset {{IPA|/ŋ/}}
* No {{IPA|/h/}} in the [[syllable coda]] (except in [[Hiberno-English]])
* No [[affricate]]s in complex onsets (except when underlying {{IPA|/tɹ/}} and {{IPA|/dɹ/}} are analysed as {{IPA|/tʃɹ/}} and {{IPA|/dʒɹ/}})<ref>{{cite
* No {{IPA|/h/}} in complex onsets
* The first consonant in a complex onset must be an [[obstruent]] (e.g. '''''st'''op''; combinations such as ''*'''nt'''at'' or *'''''rk'''oop'', with a [[sonorant]], are not allowed)
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