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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
'''Sardul Singh Caveeshar''' ([[1886]] in [[Amritsar]] - [[1963]]) was an [[India]]n newspaper editor, and a major figure in the [[Indian independence movement]].
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
 
'''Sardul Singh Kavishar''' (1886–1963) was an Indian newspaper editor, and a major figure in the [[Indian independence movement]]. Born in [[Amritsar]],<ref>[https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Sardul_Singh_Caveeshar Sardul Singh Caveeshar]. ''www.sikiwiki.org''. Retrieved 20 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://forwardbloc.org/1947/06/14/president-sardar-sardul-singh-kaveesher-1947/ President Sardar Sardul Singh Kaveeshar]. ''forwardbloc.org''. Retrieved 20 June 2021.</ref> he was the second president of the [[All India Forward Bloc]].
Educated in [[Lahore]], Caveeshar began his public career in [[1913]], when he launched the English-language [[newspaper]] ''Sikh Review''. An early article in the ''Sikh Review'' criticized the demolition of an external city wall during the construction of [[New Delhi]], as the wall had been part of a historic Sikh [[gurdwara]]; this led to widespread [[Sikh]] agitation until the outbreak of the [[First World War]], at which point that particular issue was considered to be of lessened priority. After the war, however, Caveeshar renewed his calls for action, with the result that he was expelled from [[Delhi]]. He moved to Lahore and began another newspaper, the ''New Herald''. In [[1919]], he was arrested and imprisoned for writing against the [[Rowlatt Act]].▼
 
==Education==
In [[1921]], he issued a public call for 100 Sikh volunteers to rebuild the gurdwara's demolished wall, at the cost of their lives if need be. 700 volunteers (including Caveeshar himself) turned out; however, before they could leave Lahore for Delhi, word arrived that the Delhi city government had rebuilt the wall. The next month, he was arrested, charged with [[sedition]], and imprisoned for four years for having written about a massacre of Sikh reformists.▼
▲Educated in [[Lahore]], CaveesharKavishar began his public career in [[1913]], when he launched the English-language [[newspaper]] ''Sikh Review''. An early article in the ''Sikh Review'' criticized the demolition of an external city wall during the construction of [[New Delhi]], as the wall had been part of a historic Sikh [[gurdwara]];. thisThis led to widespread [[Sikh]] agitation until the outbreak of the [[First World War]], at which point that particular issue was considered to be of lessened priority. After the war, however, CaveesharKavishar renewed his calls for action, with the result that he was expelled from [[Delhi]]. He moved to Lahore and began another newspaper, the ''New Herald''. In [[1919]], he was arrested and imprisoned for writing against the [[Rowlatt Act]]. He was also the founding member of [[Central Sikh League]].
 
==Call to rebuild==
In 1933, he became acting president of the Congress after his predecessor was arrested for participating in [[civil disobedience]]. In 1935, he openly opposed the Congress's participation in the [[Government of India Act]], and in 1937 chose to resign his membership in the party after they accepted office in the provinces where they had earned a majority.▼
▲In [[1921]], he issued a public call for 100 Sikh volunteers to rebuild the gurdwara's demolished wall, at the cost of their lives if need be. 700 volunteers (including CaveesharKavishar himself) turned out;. howeverHowever, before they could leave Lahore for Delhi, word arrived that the Delhi city government had rebuilt the wall. The next month, he was arrested, charged with [[sedition]], and imprisoned for four years for having written about a massacre of Sikh reformists.
 
==Congress==
In 1939, he joined [[Subhash Chandra Bose]]'s ''[[All India Forward Bloc]]'' faction; when Bose left India in 1941, Caveeshar became the Bloc's president. As a result, he was arrested, and imprisoned for four years.▼
▲In 1933, he became acting president of the Congress after his predecessor was arrested for participating in [[civil disobedience]]. In 1935, he openly opposed the Congress's participation in the [[Government of India Act 1935|Government of India Act]], and in 1937 chose to resign his membership in the party after they accepted office in the provinces where they had earned a majority.
 
==Subhas Chandra Bose==
When the All India Forward Bloc split in 1948, soon after it had been reorganized, Sardul Singh Caveeshar sided with the anti-[[Marxist]] group led by [[Ramchandra Sakharam Ruikar|R.S. Ruiker]]. At its conference, Caveeshar was elected president of [[Forward Bloc (Ruiker)]]. Soon thereafter, as Ruiker's party dwindled, Caveeshar retired from active politics.▼
▲In 1939, he joined [[SubhashSubhas Chandra Bose]]'s ''[[All India Forward Bloc]]'' faction; when Bose left India in 1941, CaveesharKavishar became the Bloc's president. As a result, he was arrested, and imprisoned for four years.
 
==Split==
{{IndiaFreedom}}
▲When the All India Forward Bloc split in 1948, soon after it had been reorganized, Sardul Singh CaveesharKavishar sided with the anti-[[anti-Marxist]] group led by [[Ramchandra Sakharam Ruikar|R.S. Ruiker]]. At its conference, CaveesharKavishar was elected president of [[Forward Bloc (Ruiker)]]. Soon thereafter, as Ruiker's party dwindled, CaveesharKavishar retired from active politics.
 
==References==
[[Category:Indian activists|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:1886 births|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]▼
 
[[Category:1963 deaths|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]▼
{{Sikh politics}}
[[Category:Sikhs|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]
 
[[Category:Indian politicians]]▼
{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kavishar, Sardul Singh}}
▲[[Category:1886 births|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]
▲[[Category:1963 deaths|Caveeshar, Sardul Singh]]
[[Category:Punjabi Sikhs]]
[[Category:All India Forward Bloc politicians]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Punjab Province (British India)]]
[[Category:Politicians from Amritsar]]
▲[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Writers from British India]]
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