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{{redirect|Berjaya}}
{{Infobox political party
| country = Malaysia
| name = Sabah People's United Front
| native_name = Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah <br /> <small>BERJAYA<small/>
| logolang1 = [[Image:Flag of Berjaya Party.png|150px]]Malay
| name_lang1 = Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah<br>ڤرتي برساتو رعيت جلتا سابه
| abbreviation = BERJAYA▼
| leaderlang2 = [[Harris Salleh]]= Chinese
| name_lang2 = 沙巴人民聯合陣綫<br>沙巴人民联合阵线<br>''Shābā rénmín liánhé zhènxiàn''
| foundation = 6 June 1976
| dissolutionlogo = 1991Parti Berjaya Logo.svg
▲| abbreviation = BERJAYA
| headquarters = [[Kota Kinabalu]], [[Sabah]]▼
| newspaperleader = [[Harris Salleh]]
| youth_wingfoundation = 15 July 1975
| dissolution = 1991
| membership_year =
▲| headquarters = Sinsuran Complex<br>[[Kota Kinabalu]], [[Sabah]]
| membership = ▼
| ideologynewspaper =
| national youth_wing =
| international membership_year =
| colours membership =
| colorcodeideology = Red
| websitenational = [[Barisan Nasional]] {{small|(1976-1986)}}
| footnotes international =
▲| membershipcolours =
| colorcode = {{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}
| flag = Parti Berjaya Flag.svg
| website =
| footnotes =
| merged = [[UMNO Sabah]]
| split = [[United Sabah National Organisation|USNO]]
}}
{{Politics of Malaysia}}
 
'''Sabah People's United Front''' or in [[Malay language|Malay]] ''Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah'' is more commonly known by its abbreviation BERJAYA, was a political party based in the eastern state of [[Sabah]] in, [[Malaysia]]. BERJAYA was aformed resultby offormer a cooperation between[[United Sabah's firstNational ChiefOrganisation]] Minister(USNO) secretary-general [[TunHarris Salleh]] who was later joined by [[Fuad Stephens]], andwho formerserved as the first [[UnitedChief Minister of Sabah]] Nationalas well as president of the [[United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation]] (USNOUPKO). secretary-generalStephens [[Harrisbecame the fifth Chief Minister after BERJAYA won the 1976 state election in April but died in June the same year, being succeeded by Salleh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.singapore-elections.com/malaysia-political-parties/upko.html|title=UPKO/PDS|access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.singapore-elections.com/malaysia-political-parties/berjaya.html|title=Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah|access-date=25 March 2020}}</ref> The party hashad been a partner of [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN), Malaysia'sthe then ruling coalition, of Malaysia since its inception on 15 July 1975.<ref name=coup>{{cite journal|journal=Asian Survey | volume =19| issue =4| pages =379–389|date=April 1979|title=A Constitutional Coup D'Etat: An Analysis of the Birth and Victory of the Berjaya Party in Sabah, Malaysia |author=Sin, Fong Han|doi=10.15252307/as.1979.19.4.01p003922643858| jstor=2643858}}</ref>
 
BERJAYA governed the state of Sabah for 8 years from 1976 to 1985 after it managed to win the 1976 state election and oust USNO,<ref>[https://www.webcitation.org/5knvFrv9v?url=http://www.geocities.com/hualian_studentclub/pilihanraya/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1976.htm Malaysia - Pilihan Raya - Pilihan Raya Umum Sabah ( 1976 )<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Fuad was installed as Sabah's fifth Chief Minister, his second time holding the post. He replaced [[Mohammad Said Keruak]] of USNO. However, barely 44 days after becoming Chief Minister, Fuad died in a plane crash in [[Kota Kinabalu]] on 6 June 1976, known as the [[Double Six Tragedy]]. Along with him, several other state ministers also perished. Harris then took over his post, becoming the sixth Chief Minister of Sabah.
BERJAYA governed the state of Sabah for 8 years from 1976 to 1985. Tun Fuad Stephens was previously the president of [[UPKO|United Pasok Momogun Kadazan Organisation]] (UPKO). That party was originally called [[United National Kadazan Organisation]] (UNKO) before it was renamed UPKO on 16 September 1963, in conjunction with Sabah's independence and [[Malaysia Day]].
 
When BERJAYA wonIn the 19761981 state election, BERJAYA again won, this time with an overwhelming majority. They won 44 out of 48 seats contested.<ref>[httphttps://www.webcitation.org/query5knvG8oeQ?url=http://www.geocities.com/hualian_studentclub/pilihanraya/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1976pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1981.htm&date=2009-10-26+00:14:28 Malaysia - Pilihan Raya - Pilihan Raya Umum Sabah ( 19761981 )<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> TunIn Fuad1984, wasparty installedmember as[[Joseph Sabah'sPairin fifthKitingan]] Chief Minister, his second time holdingleft the post.party He replaced Mohammad Said bin Keruak of USNO. However, barely 44to days after becoming Chief Minister, Tun Fuad died in a plane crash inform [[KotaParti KinabaluBersatu Sabah]] on(PBS). 6This Junenewly 1976.formed Theparty incidentdefeated becameBERJAYA known asin the [[DoubleSabah Sixstate Tragedy]]. Along with himelection, several other1985|1985 state ministerselection]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314135043/http://www.geocities.com/hualian_studentclub/pilihanraya/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1985.htm also perished.Malaysia [[Harris- Salleh]]Pilihan thenRaya took- overPilihan hisRaya post,Umum becomingSabah the( sixth1985 Chief)<!-- MinisterBot ofgenerated Sabah.title -->]</ref>
 
In the 19811990 state election, BERJAYA's againsupport won,has thisevidently timedwindled withas anthey overwhelmingfailed majority.to Theywin wona 44single outseat ofin 48the seatselection contestedand it was ousted by [[United Sabah Party]] (PBS).<ref>[httphttps://www.webcitation.org/query5knvGdIF8?url=http://www.geocities.com/hualian_studentclub/pilihanraya/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1981pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1990.htm&date=2009-10-26+00:14:31 Malaysia - Pilihan Raya - Pilihan Raya Umum Sabah ( 19811990 )<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> In 1984,The party memberthen [[Josepheffected Pairina Kitingan]]merger leftwith the partyUSNO to form the Sabah chapter of the [[Parti BersatuPeninsular SabahMalaysia|Peninsular]].-based This[[United newlyMalays formedNational partyOrganisation]] defeated(UMNO). BERJAYAUSNO's inpresident theTun [[Mustapha Harun]] became Sabah stateUMNO's electionfirst president, 1985|1985while stateHarris became election]]an adviser to the party.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/query?{{cite web|url=httphttps://www.geocitieshrmars.com/hualian_studentclubpapers_submitted/pilihanraya3638/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1985The_United_Malays_National_Organisation_(UMNO)_in_Sabah,_East_Malaysia_An_Overview_1990-1994.htm&datepdf|title=2009-10-26+00:14:34The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Sabah, East Malaysia: An Overview 1990-1994 PilihanInternational Raya|author=|work=Hamdan -Aziz Pilihan(Ph.D) Raya& UmumSyahrin SabahSaid, (Department 1985of Nationhood and Civilization Studies, Centre for Fundamental and Liberal Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)<!--|publisher=Journal Botof generatedAcademic titleResearch in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 12|year=2017 |issn=2222-6990|via=HR Mars|access->]date=25 September 2021}}</ref>
 
==History==
In the 1990 state election, BERJAYA's support has evidently dwindled as they failed to win a single seat in the election.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/hualian_studentclub/pilihanraya/pilihanraya_umum_sabah_1990.htm&date=2009-10-26+00:14:38 Malaysia - Pilihan Raya - Pilihan Raya Umum Sabah ( 1990 )<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The party then effected a merger with USNO to form the Sabah chapter of the [[Peninsular Malaysia|Peninsular]]-based [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO). USNO's president Tun Mustapha became Sabah UMNO's first president, while Harris became an adviser to the party.
On 23 April 1975, Mustapha Harun, chief minister of Sabah from the USNO party, announced a memorandum named "The Future Position of Sabah in Malaysia" where he argued that Sabah would be economically better if Sabah exists as an independent country.<ref name="Faisal 2018"/> Malaysia's federal government decided to sponsor the formation of a new party named BERJAYA with Harris Salleh, former dissident vice-president of USNO as its founder.<ref name="Faisal 2018"/><ref name="Chin 1994">{{cite journal |last1=Chin |first1=James |title=The Sabah State Election of 1994: End of Kadazan Unity |journal=Asian Survey |date=October 1994 |volume=34 |issue=10 |pages=904-915 |doi=10.2307/2644969 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2644969 |access-date=8 April 2023}}</ref> The federal government also persuaded Fuad Stephens, the governor of Sabah at that time, to resign from the governorship and join Harris in fighting against USNO. Both BERJAYA and USNO were within the [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN) governing coalition at the federal level but BERJAYA became the opposition at the state level, opposing USNO. The rivalry of the two parties ended in [[1976 Sabah state election]] when BERJAYA emerged victorious against USNO.<ref name="Faisal 2018">{{Cite journal |first=Faisal |last=S. Hazis |date=2018 |title=Domination, Contestation, and Accommodation: 54 Years of Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysia |url=https://doi.org/10.20495/seas.7.3_341 |language=en |publisher=Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University |doi=10.20495/seas.7.3_341}}</ref>
 
==Election results==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
! rowspan="2" | Election year
! colspan="2" | [[Dewan Rakyat|Malaysia Parliament]]
! colspan="2" | [[Sabah State Legislative Assembly|Sabah State Assembly]]
! rowspan="2" | Outcome
|-
! Candidates
! Seats won
! Candidates
! Seats won
|-
! [[1976 Sabah state election|1976]]
| -
| -
| 48
| {{Composition bar|28|48|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| {{increase}}28 seats; '''Sabah state government'''
|-
! [[Malaysian general election, 1978|1978]]
| 10
| {{Composition bar|9|154|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| -
| -
| {{increase}}9 seats; '''Federal governing coalition'''<br/>{{small|([[Barisan Nasional]])}}
|-
! [[1981 Sabah state election|1981]]
| -
| -
| 48
| {{Composition bar|44|48|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| {{increase}}16 seats; '''Sabah state government''' <br/>{{small|([[Barisan Nasional]], contested under Berjaya ticket)}}
|-
! [[Malaysian general election, 1982|1982]]
| 11
| {{Composition bar|10|154|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| -
| -
| {{increase}}1 seat; '''Federal governing coalition'''<br/>{{small|([[Barisan Nasional]])}}
|-
! [[Sabah state election, 1985|1985]]
| -
| -
| 48
| {{Composition bar|6|48|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| {{decrease}}38 seats; '''Sabah state opposition''' <br/>{{small|([[Barisan Nasional]])}}
|-
! [[Sabah state election, 1986|1986]]
| -
| -
| 37
| {{Composition bar|1|48|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| {{decrease}}5 seats; '''Sabah state opposition''' <br/>{{small|([[Barisan Nasional]])}}<br/>Snap election
|-
! [[Malaysian general election, 1986|1986]]
| 9
| {{Composition bar|0|177|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| -
| -
| {{decrease}}10 seats; '''No representation in Parliament'''
|-
! [[Sabah state election, 1990|1990]]
| -
| -
| 48
| {{Composition bar|0|48|{{party color|Sabah People's United Front}}}}
| {{decrease}}1 seats; '''No representation in State Assembly'''
|-
|}
 
==See also ==
*[[:Category:Sabah People's United Front politicians]]
 
==References==
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{{Malaysian political parties}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Politics}}
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:PoliticalDefunct political parties in Sabah]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in Malaysia]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Malaysia]]
[[Category:1991 disestablishments in Malaysia]]
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