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{{Infobox company
| logo =
| caption =
| trading_name = <!-- d/b/a/, doing business as - if different from legal name above -->
| native_name = <!-- Company's name in home country language -->
| native_name_lang = <!-- Use ISO 639-2 code, e.g. "fr" for French. If there is more than one native name, in different languages, enter those names using {{tl|lang}}, instead. -->
| romanized =
| former type =
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as =
| industry = [[Electricity]], [[telecommunication]]
| fate =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| foundation = [[San José (Costa Rica)|San José]], [[Costa Rica]] ({{Start date|1949|04|08}})
| founder =
| defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| location_city = San José
| location_country = Costa Rica
| locations = <!-- Number of locations, stores, offices &c. -->
| area_served =
| key_people = Teófilo de la Torre ([[Chief executive officer]])
| products =
| production =
| services = {{ubl|[[Electrical grid]]|[[Mobile telephony]]|[[Internet]]}}
| revenue = $ 1,844 million
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| assets =
| equity =
| owner =
| num_employees =
| parent =
| divisions =
| subsid =
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.grupoice.com/|link}}
| footnotes =
| intl =
| bodystyle =
}}
[[File:Edificio del Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad.JPG|thumb|right|ICE Building in Sabana Norte, [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]]]
'''Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad''' ({{lang-en|'''Costa Rican Institute of Electricity'''}}) ('''ICE''') is the [[Costa
== History ==
▲'''Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad''' ({{lang-en|'''Costa Rican Institute of Electricity'''}}) is the Costa Rican government-run electricity and telecommunications services provider. Until November 2011, ICE was the sole provider of mobile phone service in Costa Rica. Under the Central American Free Trade Agreement, Costa Rica was required to open the mobile phone market to additional providers.
ICE was founded on 8 April 1949 by Decree-Law No. 449, after the [[Costa Rican Civil War]] of 1948, in order to solve the problems of power shortages that occurred in Costa Rica in the 1940s. Since 1963, ICE provides telecommunications services throughout the country.
The attempts to reform ICE throughout a set of laws in the years 1999 and 2000 generated a great [[Mass mobilization|social mobilization]], including the [[2000 Costa Rican protests]]. The ruling party at that time, the [[Social Christian Unity Party]], and the main opposition, [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]], agreed to change the institution. Meanwhile, the citizen opposition reached 274 protests in 14 days.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gangas |first1=P |last2=Retana |first2=J |year=2006 |url=http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=30804205 |title=Ciudadanos críticos: Las movilizaciones contra el "Combo ICE" en Costa Rica |language=Spanish |trans-title=Critical Citizens: Demonstrations against "Combo ICE" in Costa Rica |journal=América Latina Hoy |issue=42 |pages=93–108 }}</ref>
==External links==▼
*{{official website|http://www.grupoice.com}}▼
Following the [[Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement]], the telecommunication market was opened to private companies. Since 2011, [[América Móvil]] through [[Claro Americas]] and [[Telefónica]] through [[Movistar]], are competing against ICE in the Costa Rican mobile market.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Agüero |first=Mercedes R. |date=6 November 2011 |title=Claro rompe monopolio celular al activar sus primeras líneas |language=Spanish |trans-title=Claro breaks mobile telephony monopoly by activating its first line |journal=[[La Nación (San José)|La Nación]] |url=http://www.nacion.com/2011-11-06/ElPais/Claro-rompe-monopolio-celular-al-activar-sus---primeras-lineas.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524195041/http://www.nacion.com/2011-11-06/ElPais/Claro-rompe-monopolio-celular-al-activar-sus---primeras-lineas.aspx |archive-date=May 24, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Agüero |first=Mercedes R. |date=31 October 2011 |title=Movistar no logró abrir todas sus tiendas en primer día de ventas |language=Spanish |trans-title=Movistar failed to open all its stores in its first day of sales |journal=[[La Nación (San José)|La Nación]] |url=http://www.nacion.com/2011-11-09/ElPais/movistar--no-logro-abrir-todas-sus-tiendas-en-primer-dia-de-ventas---.aspx |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111214113451/http://www.nacion.com/2011-11-09/ElPais/movistar--no-logro-abrir-todas-sus-tiendas-en-primer-dia-de-ventas---.aspx |archive-date=December 14, 2011 }}</ref>
In 2021, ICE Group generated an annual operating income of around $2.194 billion.<ref>[https://www.grupoice.com/wps/wcm/connect/19487b17-e008-4c6a-afe3-b5d8015bbbee/Memoria+ICE+2021.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-19487b17-e008-4c6a-afe3-b5d8015bbbee-o6SDuKe Memoria ICE 2021] (in Spanish) Retrieved 29 March 2023</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
▲==External links==
{{Portal|Energy|Companies}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Telecommunications companies established in 1949]]
[[Category:Telecommunications companies of Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Public utilities established in 1949]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in Costa Rica]]
{{energy-company-stub}}
{{CostaRica-stub}}
{{telecom-company-stub}}
▲[[Category:Energy in Costa Rica]]
▲[[es:Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad]]
▲[[no:Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad]]
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