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== HIV cure ==
FourAs of 2023 five people have been reported cured of AIDS. by stem cell transplant with the [[CCR5 Delta 32|CCR5-delta-32]] mutation which gives protection against HIV infection and these have been dubbed as the [[Timothy Ray Brown|Berlin]], [[Adam Castillejo|London]], Duesseldorf, New York and City of Hope patients<ref>{{Cite news| vauthors = McNeil Jr DG |date=2008-11-14 |title=Rare Treatment Is Reported to Cure AIDS Patient |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/14/health/14hiv.html |access-date=2021-09-24 |issn=0362-4331 |vauthors=McNeil Jr DG}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| vauthors = Mandavilli A |date=2020-03-09 |title=The 'London Patient,' Cured of H.I.V., Reveals His Identity |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/09/health/hiv-aids-london-patient-castillejo.html |access-date=2021-09-24 |issn=0362-4331 |vauthors=Mandavilli A}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mandavilli |first1=Apoorva |date=15 February 2022 |title=A Woman Is Cured of H.I.V. Using a Novel Treatment |newspaper=The New York Times|date=15 February 2022|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/15/health/hiv-cure-cord-blood.html|last1=Mandavilli|first1=Apoorva}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-07-27 |title=Fourth patient seemingly cured of HIV |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-62312249 |access-date=2022-08-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Inweb 2019,|last=Sathyakumar the|first=Kaviya NIH|title=5th andperson [[Billconfirmed &to Melindabe Gatescured Foundation]]of announcedHIV making $200 million available for broad|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/5th-based,person-confirmed-cured-hiv/story?id=97323361 multi|access-prongdate=2023-11-09 scientific|website=ABC effortsNews focused on|language=en}}</ref>, developingwhile a globalsixth curepatient fornamed AIDSthe asGeneva wellpatient<ref>{{Cite asweb for|date=2023-07-20 sickle|title=First cellperson disease,may withbe NIHcured Directorof [[FrancisHIV Collins|Francisafter S.stem Collins]]cell saying,transplant "Wewithout aimCCR5 tomutation go|url=https://www.aidsmap.com/news/jul-2023/first-person-may-be-cured-hiv-after-stem-cell-transplant-without-ccr5-mutation big or we go|access-date=2023-11-09 home|website=aidsmap."com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20192023-1007-2320 |title=NIHResearchers launchessay new‘Geneva collaborationpatient’ tois developthe gene-basedsixth curesperson for sickle cell disease andwith HIV onin long-term globalremission scale|url=https://www.nihfrance24.govcom/news-eventsen/news-releaseshealth/nih20230720-launchesresearchers-newsay-collaborationgeneva-developpatient-geneis-basedthe-curessixth-sickleperson-cell-diseasewith-hiv-globalin-scalelong-term-remission |access-date=20212023-0911-2409 |website=NationalFrance Institutes24 of Health (NIH)|language=ENen}}</ref> Inhas 2020,also [[Anthonyseemingly Fauci|Tonybeen Fauci]]'scured divisionbut atthis NIH,case [[Nationaldid Institutereceive ofa Allergystem andcell Infectioustransplant Diseases|NIAID]],without issuedthe itsCCR5-delta-32 firstmutation solicitationwhich exclusivelyraises focusedhope that a treatment less dependent on methodsthe tomutation curecould HIVbe infection.achieved, nevertheless two previous cases that received transplants without the mutation and were apparently cured known as the Boston patients<ref>{{Cite webjournal |titlelast=RFA-AI-20-076:Check NewHayden Technologies|first=Erika for|date=2013-12-06 the In vivo Delivery|title=Hopes of Gene Therapeutics for an HIV Curecure (R01in Clinical'Boston Trialpatients' Notdashed Allowed)|url=https://grantswww.nihnature.govcom/grantsarticles/guide/rfa-files/RFA-AI-20-076nature.html2013.14324 |access-datejournal=2021-09-24Nature |websitelanguage=grantsen |doi=10.nih1038/nature.gov2013.14324 |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> Theselater announcementsrebounded fromafter NIH3 areand not8 limitedmonths towhile stemthe cellGeneva therapiescase has been free of the virus for 20-months.
In 2019, the NIH and [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] announced making $200 million available for broad-based, multi-prong scientific efforts focused on developing a global cure for AIDS as well as for sickle cell disease, with NIH Director [[Francis Collins|Francis S. Collins]] saying, "We aim to go big or we go home."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-23|title=NIH launches new collaboration to develop gene-based cures for sickle cell disease and HIV on global scale|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-launches-new-collaboration-develop-gene-based-cures-sickle-cell-disease-hiv-global-scale|access-date=2021-09-24|website=National Institutes of Health (NIH)|language=EN}}</ref> In 2020, [[Anthony Fauci|Tony Fauci]]'s division at NIH, [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases|NIAID]], issued its first solicitation exclusively focused on methods to cure HIV infection.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RFA-AI-20-076: New Technologies for the In vivo Delivery of Gene Therapeutics for an HIV Cure (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)|url=https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-AI-20-076.html|access-date=2021-09-24|website=grants.nih.gov}}</ref> These announcements from NIH are not limited to stem cell therapies.
Excision is a biotechnology company with ''a first''-in-human [[CRISPR]]-based one-time gene therapy to be evaluated in individuals with HIV.<ref>{{Cite web | vauthors = Armstrong A | date = 17 September 2021 |title=Excision's CRISPR gene editing therapy for HIV is heading into human testing after FDA clearance|url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/excision-hiv-crispr-gene-editing-therapy-cleared-for-human-studies-by-fda|access-date=2021-09-24|website=FierceBiotech|language=en}}</ref> Research Foundation to Cure AIDS is the first 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization with a royalty-free license to research, develop and commercialize a cell engineering technology in the field of curing AIDS on a pro bono basis.<ref>{{Cite web | vauthors = Shekdar K | date = 22 September 2021 |title=Novel cell engineering method for drug discovery, biologics and cell therapy|url=https://sciencex.com/news/2021-09-cell-method-drug-discovery-biologics.html|access-date=2021-09-24|website=sciencex.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shekdar K, Langer J, Venkatachalan S, Schmid L, Anobile J, Shah P, Lancaster A, Babich O, Dedova O, Sawchuk D | display-authors = 6 | title = Cell engineering method using fluorogenic oligonucleotide signaling probes and flow cytometry | journal = Biotechnology Letters | volume = 43 | issue = 5 | pages = 949–958 | date = May 2021 | pmid = 33683511 | pmc = 7937778 | doi = 10.1007/s10529-021-03101-5 }}</ref>
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