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: <math>M_{ij} = b^{(i)} \cdot b^{(j)}</math>
where the [[dot product]] <math>a \cdot b = \sum_{\ell=1}^k
Thus a [[Hermitian matrix]] <math>M</math> is positive semidefinite if and only if it is the [[Gram matrix]] of some vectors <math>b^{(1)}, \dots, b^{(n)}</math>. Such vectors are called a '''vector realization''' of <math>M</math>. The infinite-dimensional analog of this statement is [[Mercer's theorem]].
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