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Development on a [[Google]]-designed [[system-on-chip]] (SoC) first began in April 2016, after the introduction of the company's [[Pixel (1st generation)|first Pixel smartphone]], although Google CEO [[Sundar Pichai]] and hardware chief [[Rick Osterloh]] agreed it would likely take an extended period of time before the product was ready.<ref name="BreakoutPhone" /> The next year, [[Made by Google|the company's hardware division]] assembled a team of 76 [[semiconductor]] researchers specializing in [[artificial intelligence]] (AI) and [[machine learning]] (ML), which has since increased in size, to work on the chip.<ref name="GoogleSilicon" /> Beginning in 2017, Google began to include custom-designed [[co-processor]]s in its [[Google Pixel|Pixel]] smartphones, namely the [[Pixel Visual Core]] on the [[Pixel 2]] and [[Pixel 3]] series and the [[Pixel Neural Core]] on the [[Pixel 4]] series.<ref name="VisualCore" /><ref name="WhitechapelArs" />
By April 2020, the company had made "significant progress" toward a custom [[ARM architecture|ARM]]-based processor for its Pixel and [[Chromebook]] devices, codenamed "Whitechapel".<ref name="WhitechapelAxios" /> At Google parent company [[Alphabet Inc.]]'s quarterly earnings [[investor call]] that October, Pichai expressed excitement at the company's "deeper investments" in hardware, which some interpreted as an allusion to Whitechapel.<ref name="DeeperInvestments" /> The Neural Core was not included on the [[Pixel 5]], which was released in 2020; Google explained that the phone's [[Snapdragon 765G]] SoC already achieved the camera performance the company had been aiming for.<ref name="NeuralCore" /> In April 2021,
Google officially unveiled the chip, named Tensor, in August, as part of a preview of its [[Pixel 6]] and [[Pixel 6 Pro]] smartphones.<ref name="Pixel6Verge" /><ref name="Pixel6TechRadar" /> Previous Pixel smartphones had used [[Qualcomm Snapdragon]] chips,<ref name="Pixel6CNET" /> with 2021's [[Pixel 5a]] being the final Pixel phone to do so.<ref name="Pixel5a" /> Pichai later obliquely noted that the development of Tensor and the Pixel 6 resulted in more off-the-shelf solutions for Pixel phones released in 2020 and early 2021.<ref name="BreakoutPhone" /> In September 2022, ''[[The Verge]]'' reported that a Tensor-powered successor to the [[Pixelbook]] laptop with a planned 2023 release had been canceled due to cost-cutting measures.<ref name="Pixelbook2" />
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<ref name="NeuralCore">{{Cite web |last=Kerns |first=Taylor |date=October 1, 2020 |title=Google confirms that Pixel 5 drops the Pixel Neural Core chip |url=https://www.androidpolice.com/2020/10/01/pixel-neural-core-is-no-more/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001120220/https://www.androidpolice.com/2020/10/01/pixel-neural-core-is-no-more/ |archive-date=October 1, 2020 |access-date=December 14, 2022 |website=Android Police}}</ref>
<ref name="Whitechapel9to5">{{Cite web |last=Bradshaw |first=Kyle |date=April 2, 2021 |title=Exclusive: Pixel 6 will be powered by new Google-made 'Whitechapel' chip |url=https://9to5google.com/2021/04/02/pixel-6-google-gs101-whitechapel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402154827/https://9to5google.com/2021/04/02/pixel-6-google-gs101-whitechapel/ |archive-date=April 2, 2021 |access-date=September 16, 2021 |website=[[9to5Google]]}}</ref>
<ref name="Nuvia">{{Cite web |last=Ma |first=Wayne |date=December 23, 2022 |title=At Apple, a War for Chip Talent Intensifies |url=https://www.theinformation.com/articles/inside-apples-war-for-chip-talent |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223144501/https://www.theinformation.com/articles/inside-apples-war-for-chip-talent |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |access-date=October 14, 2023 |website=[[The Information (website)|The Information]]}}</ref>
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<ref name="G2nm">{{Cite web |last=Wilde |first=Damien |date=October 11, 2022 |title=Tensor G2 confirmed as 5nm processor, not 4nm as expected |url=https://9to5google.com/2022/10/11/tensor-g2-5nm/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011100929/https://9to5google.com/2022/10/11/tensor-g2-5nm/ |archive-date=October 11, 2022 |access-date=October 13, 2022 |website=[[9to5Google]]}}</ref>
<ref name="G3nm">{{Cite web |last=Hardawar |first=Devindra |date=October 4, 2023 |title=Google's Tensor G3 chip is focused on speeding up AI for the Pixel 8 phones |url=https://www.engadget.com/google-tensor-g3-soc-pixel-8-pro-143052356.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004155443/https://www.engadget.com/google-tensor-g3-soc-pixel-8-pro-143052356.html |archive-date=October 4, 2023 |access-date=October 5, 2023 |website=[[Engadget]]}}</ref>
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<ref name="Gaming">{{Cite web |last=Sarwar |first=Nadeem |date=September 6, 2022 |title=The Pixel 6a should be an amazing $450 gaming phone, but it isn't |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/google-pixel-6a-gaming-test-heating-throttling-issues/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220906110412/https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/google-pixel-6a-gaming-test-heating-throttling-issues/ |archive-date=September 6, 2022 |access-date=October 3, 2022 |website=[[Digital Trends]]}}</ref>
<ref name="9to5P8HandsOn">{{Cite web |last=Schoon |first=Ben |date=October 4, 2023 |title=Hands-on: Pixel 8 and Pixel 8 Pro are Google's most promising phones yet, but it all depends on Tensor G3 |url=https://9to5google.com/2023/10/04/google-pixel-8-hands-on/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005104840/https://9to5google.com/2023/10/04/google-pixel-8-hands-on/ |archive-date=October 5, 2023 |access-date=October 6, 2023 |website=[[9to5Google]]}}</ref>
<ref name="PhoneShaped">{{Cite web |last=Claburn |first=Thomas |date=October 4, 2023 |title=Google introduces phone-shaped housing for its AI tech |url=https://www.theregister.com/2023/10/04/google_pixel_ai/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006001707/https://www.theregister.com/2023/10/04/google_pixel_ai/ |archive-date=October 6, 2023 |access-date=October 5, 2023 |website=[[The Register]]}}</ref>
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<ref name="Pixel7ProSpecs">{{Cite web |title=Google Pixel 7 Pro Tech Specs |url=https://store.google.com/product/pixel_7_pro_specs |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007190813/https://store.google.com/product/pixel_7_pro_specs?hl=en-US |archive-date=October 7, 2022 |access-date=October 7, 2022 |publisher=[[Google Store]]}}</ref>
<ref name="FirstDetails">{{Cite web |last=Bradshaw |first=Kyle |date=February 18, 2022 |title=First details of Pixel 7 and Pixel 7 Pro come roaring out: 2nd-gen Tensor, new Samsung modem |url=https://9to5google.com/2022/02/18/pixel-7-pro-details-2nd-gen-tensor-samsung-modem/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218190220/https://9to5google.com/2022/02/18/pixel-7-pro-details-2nd-gen-tensor-samsung-modem/ |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |access-date=August 22, 2022 |website=[[9to5Google]]}}</ref>
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<ref name="Pixel6aArs">{{Cite web |last=Amadeo |first=Ron |date=May 11, 2022 |title=The Pixel 6a is official, and it's set to dominate the mid-range market |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2022/05/the-pixel-6a-is-official-and-its-set-to-dominate-the-mid-range-market/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511190908/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2022/05/the-pixel-6a-is-official-and-its-set-to-dominate-the-mid-range-market/ |archive-date=May 11, 2022 |access-date=August 6, 2022 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref>
<ref name="Exynos">{{Cite web |last=Schoon |first=Ben |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Google Tensor deep dive shows the Pixel 6 chip's Exynos roots, 'beastly' but hindered GPU, more |url=https://9to5google.com/2021/11/03/google-tensor-exynos-tests-deep-dive/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103165634/https://9to5google.com/2021/11/03/google-tensor-exynos-tests-deep-dive/ |archive-date=November 3, 2021 |access-date=November 9, 2021 |website=[[9to5Google]]}}</ref>
<ref name="AnandTech">{{Cite web |last=Frumunsanu |first=Andrei |date=November 2, 2021 |title=Google's Tensor inside of Pixel 6, Pixel 6 Pro: A Look into Performance & Efficiency |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/17032/tensor-soc-performance-efficiency/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102135233/https://www.anandtech.com/show/17032/tensor-soc-performance-efficiency/ |archive-date=November 2, 2021 |access-date=November 9, 2021 |website=[[AnandTech]]}}</ref>
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