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Replaced 'Assam' with 'Assam tea' (phrasing was somewhat misleading) |
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{{short description|Black tea}}
{{Infobox tea
| Tea_name = Assam tea
| Tea_type = [[Black tea|Black]]
| Tea_colour = Black
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'''Assam tea''' is a [[black tea]] named after the region of its production, [[Assam]], India. It is manufactured specifically from the plant ''[[Camellia sinensis]]'' var. ''assamica'' (Masters).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tocklai.net/Activities/tea_class.aspx |archive-date=2012-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421021544/http://www.tocklai.net/Activities/tea_class.aspx |title=Tea Classification |publisher=Tea Research Association |place=Toklai |access-date=2009-03-25 |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=530946 |series=ITI Standard Report Page |title=''Camellia sinensis'' var. ''assamica'' |access-date=2009-03-28 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Assam tea plant is indigenous to Assam—initial efforts to plant the Chinese varieties in Assam soil did not succeed.<ref>{{cite book |title=Science and Practice in Tea Culture |first=D.N., Dr. |last=Barua |publisher=TRA Pub. |page=509 |year=1989}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Chen, Jin |author2=Wang, Pingsheng |author3=Xia, Yongmei |author4=Xu, Mei |author5=Pei, Shengji |date=February 2005 |title=Genetic diversity and differentiation of ''Camellia sinensis'' L. (cultivated tea) and its wild relatives in Yunnan province of China, revealed by morphology, biochemistry and allozyme studies |journal=Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=41–52 |doi=10.1007/s10722-005-0285-1|s2cid=19378597 }}</ref> Assam tea is now mostly grown at or near sea level and is known for its body, briskness, malty flavour, and strong, bright colour. Assam teas, or blends containing Assam tea, are often sold as "breakfast" teas. For instance, [[Irish breakfast tea]], a maltier and stronger breakfast tea, consists of small-sized Assam tea leaves.<ref name=Campbell_1995>{{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Dawn |year=1995 |title=The Tea Book |page=203 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IS8XrKTH1BcC |via=Google Books |access-date=2 March 2013 |publisher=Pelican Publishing|isbn=9781455612796 }}</ref>
The state of Assam is the world's largest tea-growing region by production, lying on either side of the [[Brahmaputra]] River, and bordering [[Bhutan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Myanmar]] and very close to [[China]]. This part of India experiences high rainfall; during the [[monsoon]] period, as much as 250 to 300 mm (10 to 12 in) of rain per day. The daytime temperature rises to about 36 °C (96.8 °F), creating greenhouse-like conditions of extreme humidity and heat. This [[tropical climate]] contributes to Assam tea's unique [[malt]]y taste, a feature for which this tea is well known.
Though ''Assam'' generally denotes the distinctive black teas from Assam, the region produces smaller quantities of [[Green tea|green]]<ref name=Pettigrew2004>{{cite book |last=Pettigrew |first=Jane |year=2004 |title=The Tea Companion |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s6bnNV_7SPEC |via=Google Books |access-date=2 March 2013 |publisher=Running Press |page=106|isbn=9780762421503 }}</ref> and [[white tea]]s as well, with their own distinctive characteristics.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://telegraphindia.com/1111229/jsp/northeast/story_14936801.jsp |newspaper=The Telegraph |first=Roopak |last=Goswami |title=Assam CTC fetches record price |date=2011-12-29 |df=dmy-all |access-date=2011-12-29 |archive-date=2017-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707064132/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1111229/jsp/northeast/story_14936801.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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