Ashgabat: Difference between revisions

'''Ashgabat''', also([[Turkmen spelledlanguage|Turkmen]]: ''Aşgabat'Asgabat''' (){{efn|{{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɑː|ʃ|g|ə|ˈ|b|ɑː|t}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|ʃ|g|ə|b|æ|t}};<ref>{{Cite Collins Dictionary|Ashgabat|access-date=2023-12-01}}</ref> }}{{efn|{{lang-tk|Aşgabat}}, {{IPA-tk|ɑʃɢɑˈbɑt|}};<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ashgabat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123154114/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ashgabat|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 23, 2018|title=Ashgabat {{!}} Definition of Ashgabat in English by Oxford Dictionaries|website=Oxford Dictionaries {{!}} English|access-date=2018-11-23}}</ref> {{lang-fa|عشق‌آباد|translit=Ešqābād}}), formerly named '''Poltoratsk''' ({{lang-rus|Полтора́цк|p=pəltɐˈratsk}}) between 1919 and 1927, is the [[capital city|capital]] and the largest city of [[Turkmenistan]]. It lies between the [[Karakum Desert]] and the [[Kopet Dag|Kopetdag]] mountain range in [[Central Asia]], approximately 50 km (30 mi) away from the [[Iran-Turkmenistan border]]. The city has a population of 1,030,063 (2022 census).

The city was founded in 1881 on the basis of an Ahal [[Teke (Turkmen tribe)|Teke]] tribal village, and made the capital of the [[Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic]] in 1924 when it known as '''Poltoratsk.'''{{efn|The name was used from 1919 to 1927. {{lang-rus|Полтора́цк|p=pəltɐˈratsk}}}} Much of the city was destroyed by the [[1948 Ashgabat earthquake]], but has since been extensively rebuilt under the rule of [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]'s "White City" urban renewal project,<ref>{{cite news|title=Turkmenistan: Government Orders People Out Of Their Homes In Name Of 'Urban Renewal' |newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |access-date=November 22, 2017 |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1053964.html |date=July 21, 2004 |last1=Pannier |first1=Bruce }}</ref> resulting in monumental projects sheathed in costly white marble.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Scott|first=Noel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UwnF6e_95nQC&q=ashgabat+marble&pg=PA132|title=Tourism in the Muslim World|date=2010-10-28|publisher=Emerald Group Publishing|isbn=978-1-84950-920-6|language=en}}</ref> The Soviet-era [[Karakum Canal]] runs through the city, carrying waters from the [[Amu Darya]] from east to west.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianembassy-tm.org/bilateral.html |title=Brief Note on Turkmenistan |website=Embassy of India, Ashgabat |access-date=June 10, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218072835/http://www.indianembassy-tm.org/bilateral.html |archive-date=February 18, 2014 }}</ref> Since 2019, the city has been recognized as having one of the highest costs of living in the world largely due to Turkmenistan's inflation and import issues.<ref name="USN-cost"/><ref name="Forbes-cost"/><ref name=bbc2021>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57564902 |title=Turkmenistan's capital tops list of most expensive cities for expats |date=22 June 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>

== References Notes==

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