Content deleted Content added
John.combey (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
m Added non-breaking space to non-template file size, frequency, bitrate, and bandwidth values (via WP:JWB) |
||
| (19 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{short description|Optical-fiber submarine cable system}}
{{Infobox cable
| cable_name = ACE - Africa Coast to Europe
Line 9 ⟶ 8:
| construction_beginning =
| construction_finished =
| first_traffic = {{start date and age|December 15, 2012}}
| design_capacity = 20
| lit_capacity =
| built_by =
Line 21 ⟶ 20:
}}
'''Africa Coast to Europe''' (ACE) is an [[Optical fiber|optical-fiber]] [[Submarine communications cable|submarine cable]] system serving 24 countries on the Europe , west coast and south Africa, managed by a consortium of 20 members.
The ACE cable connects more than 450 million people, either directly for coastal countries or through land links for landlocked countries such as [[Mali]] and [[Niger]]. ACE is also the first international submarine cable to land in [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], [[Guinea]], [[Liberia]], [[Mauritania]], [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] and [[Sierra Leone]].
Agreements are being put in place to allow the arrival of other operators in countries along the ACE cable route.
ACE Consortium consists of telecommunications operators and member countries that have invested in the total 700 million dollars project, sometimes with the financial support of the [[World Bank]]. The consortium agreement was signed on 5 June 2010 and on 15 December 2012, this 17,000 km-long cable was put into service for the first time. The official inauguration ceremony was held in [[Banjul]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], on 19 December 2012.
The 4 to 5 cms diameter cable runs at around 6,000m below the sea level. The maximum capacity of the entire system is increased from 12.8
It has been manufactured by [[Alcatel Submarine Networks]] (ASN) and laid by ships from ASN and [[Orange Marine]].
==ACE consortium==
[[File:CARTE
The cable cost consortium members $700 million:
Line 58 ⟶ 56:
==Landing points==
[[File:Station GUILAB..png|thumb|GUILAB landing station]]
[[File:ACE's Duynefontein landing station.jpg|thumb|Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein]]
[[File:Duynefontein landing station.jpg|thumb|Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein]]
Segment 1
Line 87 ⟶ 88:
* [[Gabon]], [[Libreville]]
* [[São Tomé and Príncipe|Sao Tomé et principe]], [[São Tomé]]
Segment 4 (The last segment is in service - 1 June 2021<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-01|title=Submarine cable last segment ready|url=https://ace-submarinecable.com/news/the-last-segment-is-in-service/|url-status=live|access-date=2020-06-01|website=ACE Submarine Cable|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603050208/https://ace-submarinecable.com/news/the-last-segment-is-in-service/ |archive-date=2021-06-03 }}</ref>)
* [[South Africa]]
Line 104:
* Design capacity increased = 20 terabytes per second
* Lit capacity = 1.6 terabytes per second
* Initial capacity 200
* Longest [[Dynamic light scattering|DLS]] = 4400 kilometres (Penmarch - Dakar)
* Low latency (express and omnibus fibres)
* Uses [[wavelength division multiplexing]] (the most advanced for submarine cables)
==Cable
[[List of international submarine communications cables]]▼
Individual cable systems off the west coast of Africa include:
Line 120 ⟶ 118:
* [[SAT-3/WASC (cable system)|SAT-3/WASC]]
* [[WACS (cable system)|WACS]]
== See also ==
▲* [[List of international submarine communications cables]]
==References==
| |||