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{{Distinguish|American Church in Paris}}
 
{{Infobox church
| denomination = [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal]]
| name = American Cathedral in Paris
| fullnamename = =American Cathedral Church of the Holyin TrinityParis
| otherfullname name = Cathedral Church of the =Holy Trinity
| other name =
| native_name = Cathédrale Américaine de Paris
| native_name = Cathédrale Américaine de Paris
| native_name_lang = French
| native_name_lang = French
| image = Paris (75) Cathédrale américaine 05.JPG
| imagesizeimage = Holy =Trinity American Episcopal Cathedral, Paris.jpg
| imagelink imagesize =
| imagealt = A picture of the impressive gothic interior of the American Cathedral in Paris
| landscapecaption = The bell tower, =among the tallest in Paris
| caption pushpin map = Paris
| pushpin map = Paris
| pushpin label position =
| pushpin map alt = The location of the American Cathedral on a map of Paris
| pushpinrelief mapsize = yes
| pushpin mapsize =
| relief = yes
| map caption = The location of the American Cathedral in Paris
| coordinates = {{coord|48|52|3.0|N|2|18|3.0|E|region:FR|display=inline,title}}
| latd = 48
| latm country = 52[[France]]
| latsosgridref = <!-- {{gbmappingsmall| TEXT}} = 3.0-->
| latNSosgraw = <!-- TEXT = N-->
| longd location = 2
| previous denomination =
| longm = 18
| longs churchmanship = 3.0
| longEW membership = E400
| iso region attendance = FR
| website = {{URL|http://www.americancathedral.org/|americancathedral.org}}
| coordinates display = inline,title
| osgraw former name = <!-- TEXT -->
| bull date =
| osgridref = <!-- {{gbmappingsmall| TEXT}} -->
| locationfounded date = 1859 <!-- {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} - but see note =below -->
| country founder =[[France]]
| dedication =
| dedicated date =
| denomination = [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal]]
| consecrated date = 1864 (rue Bayard), 1886 (Avenue George-V)
| previous denomination =
| churchmanshipcult =
| membership relics = 400
| attendance events =
| past bishop =
| website = {{URL|http://www.americancathedral.org/|americancathedral.org}}
| people =
| former name status = [[Cathedral]]
| functional status = active
| bull date =
| heritage designation = [[File:Logo monument historique - rouge ombré, encadré.svg|15px]] ''Monument Historique'' PA75080002<ref>{{Base Mérimée|PA75080002|Cathédrale américaine de Paris}}</ref>
| founded date = 1859 <!-- {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} - but see note below -->
| designated date = August 27, 1997
| founder =
| architect = [[George Edmund Street]], Arthur E. Street, [[Arthur Blomfield]]
| dedication =
| architectural type =
| dedicated date =
| consecratedstyle date = 1864 (rue Bayard), 1886= [[Gothic (AvenueRevival George-V)architecture]]
| cult years built =
| relics groundbreaking = 1882
| events completed date = 1886
| construction cost =
| past bishop =
| people closed date =
| demolished date =
| status capacity = [[Cathedral]]
| functionallength status = active{{convert|146|ft|m}}
| width = {{convert|70|ft|m}}
| heritage designation = [[File:Logo monument historique - rouge ombré, encadré.svg|15px]] ''Monument Historique'' PA75080002<ref>{{cite web|title=Cathédrale américaine de Paris|url=http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=REF&VALUE_1=PA75080002|website=Monuments historiques|publisher=Ministère de la Culture}}</ref>
| designated datewidth nave = August<!-- {{convert| 27,}} 1997-->
| height = {{convert|58|ft|m}}
| architect = [[George Edmund Street]], Arthur E. Street, Arthur W. Bloomfield
| diameter = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| architectural type =
| other dimensions =
| style = [[Gothic Revival architecture]]
| years built floor count =
| groundbreaking floor area = 1882<!-- {{convert| }} -->
| completed date dome quantity = 1886
| dome height outer = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| construction cost =
| dome height inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| closed date =
| demolisheddome datedia outer = <!-- {{convert| }} = -->
| dome dia inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| capacity spire quantity =
| length spire height = {{convert|146280|ft|m}}
| materials = [[Saint-Maximin, Oise|St. Maximin]] and Savonniere stone, [[Ancy-le-Franc]] marble
| width = {{convert|70|ft|m}}
| width nave bells = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| height bells hung = {{convert|58|ft|m}}
| diameter bell weight = <!-- {{convertlong ton|0| }} -->
| otherparish dimensions =
| floor count deanery =
| archdeaconry =
| floor area = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| dome quantity episcopalarea =
| archdiocese =
| dome height outer = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| metropolis =
| dome height inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| domediocese dia outer = <!--[[Convocation of {{convert|Episcopal }}Churches -->in Europe]]
| province = [[Province 2 of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Province II]]
| dome dia inner = <!-- {{convert| }} -->
| spire quantity presbytery =
| spiresynod height = {{convert|280|ft|m}}
| circuit =
| materials = [[Saint-Maximin, Oise|St. Maximin]] and Savonniere stone, [[Ancy-le-Franc]] marble
| bells district =
| bells hung division =
| subdivision =
| bell weight = <!-- {{long ton|0| }} -->
| archbishop =
| parishbishop = Mark D. W. = Edington
| deanerydean = Lucinda = Laird
| archdeaconryreader =
| episcopalarea student intern =
| archdiocese organistdom =
| metropolisorganist = Andrew = Dewar
| organscholar =
| diocese = [[Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe]]
| chapterclerk =
| province = [[Province 2 of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Province II]]
| presbytery laychapter =
| synod warden =
| circuit verger =
| district businessmgr =
| division liturgycoord =
| subdivision reledu =
| rcia =
| archbishop youthmin =
| bishop flowerguild = Pierre Whalon
| musicgroup = The American Cathedral Choir
| dean = Lucinda Laird
| asst priest serversguild = Mary Haddad
| logo = American_Cathedral_in_Paris_Logo.png
| canon for administration = Giles Williams
| logosize = 250
| canon for music = Zachary Ullery
| logolink =
| reader logoalt =
| student internembedded =
| organistdom imagelink =
| directorlandscape of music = Zachary Ullery =
| elder asstpriest =
| organist parishadmin = Andrew Dewar
| organscholardirector = Zachary = Ullery
| chapterclerkelder =
| laychapter =
| warden =
| verger =
| businessmgr =
| liturgycoord =
| reledu =
| rcia =
| youthmin =
| flowerguild =
| musicgroup = The American Cathedral Choir
| parishadmin =
| serversguild =
| logo = American_Cathedral_in_Paris_Logo.png
| logosize = 250
| logolink =
| logoalt =
 
| embedded =
}}
The '''American Cathedral in Paris''' ({{lang-fr|Cathédrale Américaine de Paris}}), formally known as the '''Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity''', is one of the oldest English-speaking churches in Paris. It is the gathering church for the [[Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe]], and is part of the worldwide [[Anglican Communion]]. The church is located in central [[Paris]] between the [[Champs-Elysées]] and the River [[Seine]] at 23 [[avenue George V]] in the [[8th arrondissement of Paris|8th arrondissement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=History |url=http://www.americancathedral.org/History.html |website=American Cathedral |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114160524/http://www.americancathedral.org/History.html |archivedate=2014-01-14 }}</ref> The closest [[Paris Métro|métro]] stations are [[Alma – Marceau (Paris Métro)|Alma – Marceau]] [[File:Metro-M.svg|15px]] [[File:Paris m 9 jms.svg|15px]] and [[George V (Paris Métro)|George V]] [[File:Metro-M.svg|15px]] [[File:Paris Metro 1.svg|15px]].
 
The '''American Cathedral in Paris''' ({{lang-fr|Cathédrale Américaine de Paris}}), formally known as the '''Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity''', is the gathering church for the [[Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe]], and is part of the worldwide [[Anglican Communion]]. The church is located in central [[Paris]] between the [[Champs-Elysées]] and the River [[Seine]] at 23 [[avenue George V]] in the [[8th arrondissement of Paris|8th arrondissement]].<ref>{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.americancathedral.org/History.html|website=American Cathedral}}</ref> The closest [[Paris Métro|métro]] stations are [[Alma – Marceau (Paris Métro)|Alma – Marceau]] [[File:Metro-M.svg|15px]] [[File:Paris m 9 jms.svg|15px]] and [[George V (Paris Métro)|George V]] [[File:Metro-M.svg|15px]] [[File:Paris m 1 jms.svg|15px]]
 
==History==
 
[[File:Cathédrale américaine de paris.jpg|thumb|left|300px|''Après l'Office à l'Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Noël 1890'' ("After the Service at Holy Trinity Church, Christmas 1890") by [[Jean Béraud]]]]
<!--copyright material cleaned up-->
The origins of the American Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, an English-speaking Episcopal church in Paris, date back to the 1830s when American Episcopalians began to meet together for services in the garden pavilion of the [[Hôtel Matignon]], now the official residence of the French prime minister, then the home of American expatriate Colonel Herman Thorn (1783–1859).{{sfn|Allen|p. =5}} In 1859, the formal establishment of a parish took place and in 1864 the first church building was consecrated on Rue Bayard.{{sfn|Allen|p. =123}}
 
It was in the 1870s that John B. Morgan, who was a cousin of [[J. P. Morgan]], became the rector of Holy Trinity Parish. He decided that the congregation needed a larger church and began a fund-raising effort which was successful in raising the money needed. The site that was purchased for construction is on [[Avenue George V]] (then called Avenue dde l'Alma) and was originally part of the estate of the half-brother of Emperor [[Napoléon III]], the [[Charles de Morny, Duke of Morny|Duc de Morny]]. The plans were approved in October, 1882 and construction was completed in less than four years. The church had its inaugural services in September, 1886.
 
Consecration of the church took place on [[Thanksgiving|Thanksgiving Day]], on25 November 25, 1886, which coincided with the dedication of the [[Statue of Liberty]] in New York. Holy Trinity became a cathedral in 1922, continuing as a parish church and also serving as the official seat of the bishop in charge of Episcopal churches in Europe.{{sfn|Allen|p. =307}}
 
The cathedral appears in the painting ''Après l'Office à l'Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Noël 1890'' ("After the Service at Holy Trinity Church, Christmas 1890") by [[Jean Béraud]]. The original painting is on loan to the [[Musée Carnavalet]] in the 3d[[3rd arrondissement of Paris|3rd arrondissement]].{{sfn|Allen|p. =499}}
 
During the [[German occupation of France during World War II]] (1940–44), the cathedral was taken over by the German military chaplaincy.{{sfn|Allen|p. =685ff}}
 
The congregation of the American Cathedral is composed of around four hundred permanent parishioners supplemented by many students, tourists, and business travelers. The ministries of the church include parish life, Christian education, development, finance, mission and outreach, community outreach, stewardship, the 20s and 30s group, and music. The building hosts a bilingual [[Montessori education|Montessori]] school, recovery groups such as AA, a weekly free concert series aton noonSundays sponsored by Les Arts George V, and many more community-based services.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome|url=http://www.americancathedral.org/Welcome.html|website=American Cathedral|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116065632/http://www.americancathedral.org/Welcome.html|archivedate=2014-01-16}}</ref>
 
==Architecture==
[[File:Paris (75) Cathédrale américaine 09.JPG|thumb|left|300px|The bell tower, among the tallest in Paris]]
 
The current building was designed by English architect [[George Edmund Street]], who had also designed the [[American Church in Rome]], in the [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival]] style. He subscribed to what he called "ethical architecture," such that if something seems to be a column made of marble, then it should be an actual column, needed for a structural reason, made of marble.
 
The current building was designed by English architect [[George Edmund Street]], who had also designed the [[American Church in Rome]], in the [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival]] style. He subscribed to what he called "ethical architecture," such that if something seems to be a column made of marble, then it should be an actual column, needed for a structural reason, made of marble.
Street died in December 1881 before the finalization of plans and his son, Arthur E. Street, as well as Arthur W. Bloomfield, took over the work. While the chancel and aisles vaults are stone, the nave is vaulted in oak, perhaps due to the constrained site preventing the buttresses that would be required for the weight of a stone ceiling. The construction was accomplished by Henry Lovatt of Wolverhampton.{{sfn|Allen|p. 327ff}}
 
Street died in December 1881 before the finalization of plans and his son, Arthur E. Street, as well as [[Arthur Blomfield]], took over the work. While the chancel and aisles vaults are stone, the nave is vaulted in oak, perhaps due to the constrained site preventing the buttresses that would be required for the weight of a stone ceiling. The construction was accomplished by Henry Lovatt of Wolverhampton.{{sfn|Allen|p=327ff}}
While the main part of the church was completed by 1886 construction on the tower and other work continued for more than two decades. The stained-glass windows were designed by James Bell and constructed between 1883 and 1893. Forty-two in number, their theme is the words of the [[Te Deum]]. The tower, at {{convert|280|ft|m}} among the tallest in Paris, was dedicated on Easter Sunday, 1909.{{sfn|Allen|p. 423}}
 
While the main part of the church was completed by 1886, construction on the tower and other work continued for more than two decades. The stained-glass windows were designed by James Bell and constructed between 1883 and 1893. Forty-two in number, their theme is the words of the [[Te Deum]]. The tower, at {{convert|280|ft|m}} among the tallest in Paris, was dedicated on Easter Sunday in 1909.{{sfn|Allen|p=423}}
 
{{clear}}
 
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery mode=packed width=200px heights=300px>
File:Paris (75) Cathédrale américaine 02.JPG|Nave and organpart loftof the organ.
File:P1020141 Paris VIII Avenue George-V reductwk.JPG|[[Avenue George V]] with the American Cathedral in Paris in the background.
File:Paris (75) Cathédrale américaine 08.JPG|Baptismal font
File:Paris (75) Cathédrale américaine 03.JPG|AltarThe altar
File:AmCathTapestry.jpg|Tapestry of the American Cathedral in Paris in the self-same cathedral.
File:StBartTapestry.jpg|Tapestry of [[St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)|St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church]] in Manhattan.
File:AmericanCathedralCourtyard.jpg|The Courtyard of the American Cathedral in Paris.
</gallery>
 
==See also==
{{commonsCommons category|Cathédrale américaine de Paris}}
*[[American Church in Paris]]
*[[American Church in Berlin]]
Line 186 ⟶ 163:
 
== References ==
{{reflistReflist|30em}}
 
==Sources==
* {{cite book |last=Allen |first=Cameron|title=The History of the American Pro-Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, Paris (1815-1980)|publisher=iUniverse|year=2013|isbn=978-1475937824|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZ-BE6Jw8aMC&pg=PR10&dqq=American+Cathedral+in+Paris&hlpg=en&sa=X&ei=QbgqVajeLMbLsASP3oCQAQ&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=American%20Cathedral%20in%20Paris&f=falsePR10|ref={{sfnRef|Allen}}}}
 
==External links==
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{{Visitor attractions in Paris |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:Anglican cathedrals in Europe|Paris]]
[[Category:CathedralsEpiscopal (ECUSA) church buildings in FranceEurope|Paris, American Cathedral in Paris]]
[[Category:Episcopal (ECUSA) churches in Europe|American Cathedral in Paris]]
[[Category:Protestant churches in Paris]]
[[Category:Anglican churches in France]]
[[Category:American expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the 8th arrondissement of Paris]]
[[Category:Cathedrals in Paris]]
[[Category:19th-century Anglican church buildings in France]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Cathedral_in_Paris"