Revolutionary committee (Soviet): Difference between revisions
Truthanado (talk | contribs) c/e, date range per WP:DATERANGE |
m Added short description #article-add-desc Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit iOS app edit |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Early provisional governing administrations of Soviet regions}} |
|||
{{no footnotes|date=May 2016}}A '''revolutionary committee''' or '''revkom''' ({{lang-ru|Революционный комитет, ревком}}) were [[Bolshevik]]-led organizations in [[Russian SFSR|Soviet Russia]] and other Soviet republics established to serve as [[provisional government]]s and temporary [[Soviet (council)|Soviet]] administrations in territories under the control of the [[Red Army]] in 1918–1920, during the [[Russian Civil War]] and [[Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War|foreign military intervention]]. The forms of their work were inherited from [[Military Revolutionary Committee]]s of the [[Russian Revolution of 1917]]. The name was borrowed from the history of the [[French Revolution]], where ''comités révolutionnaires'' were created, the superior ones being the [[Committee of Public Safety]] and [[Committee of General Security]]. |
{{no footnotes|date=May 2016}}A '''revolutionary committee''' or '''revkom''' ({{lang-ru|Революционный комитет, ревком}}) were [[Bolshevik]]-led organizations in [[Russian SFSR|Soviet Russia]] and other Soviet republics established to serve as [[provisional government]]s and temporary [[Soviet (council)|Soviet]] administrations in territories under the control of the [[Red Army]] in 1918–1920, during the [[Russian Civil War]] and [[Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War|foreign military intervention]]. The forms of their work were inherited from [[Military Revolutionary Committee]]s of the [[Russian Revolution of 1917]]. The name was borrowed from the history of the [[French Revolution]], where ''comités révolutionnaires'' were created, the superior ones being the [[Committee of Public Safety]] and [[Committee of General Security]]. |
||
Latest revision as of 19:06, 6 June 2024
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (May 2016) |
A revolutionary committee or revkom (Russian: Революционный комитет, ревком) were Bolshevik-led organizations in Soviet Russia and other Soviet republics established to serve as provisional governments and temporary Soviet administrations in territories under the control of the Red Army in 1918–1920, during the Russian Civil War and foreign military intervention. The forms of their work were inherited from Military Revolutionary Committees of the Russian Revolution of 1917. The name was borrowed from the history of the French Revolution, where comités révolutionnaires were created, the superior ones being the Committee of Public Safety and Committee of General Security.
Revolutionary committees were often created in anticipation of the advances of the Red Army. In some cases they were created in places remote from the intended place of action, as was the case with the Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee. In other cases they were created underground from local populations under the guidance of Bolsheviks, subsequently organizing an insurgency and then inviting the Red Army for help, as in the case of the Azerbaijani Revkom, which seized power in Baku when English troops were evacuated and then asked Moscow for help.
Some revkoms were successful, while others were not.
There were different levels of revkoms, according to the administrative divisions: republican, inherited from the Russian Empire (guberniya, uyezd, volost), and at the grassroots level rural revkoms.
According to the decree of VTsIK (central Soviet legislative body), On Revolutionary Committees (October 24, 1919), there were three major types of revkoms:
- in areas taken over by the Red Army
- in front areas
- in rear areas
In most territories all lower level revkoms were abolished by January 1920, with some exceptions:
- in 1920: in Arkhangelsk guberniya (February–April), in Volga Germans area (February), in Central Asia, Ukraine, Kuban, Belarus, Dagestan, Azerbaijan.
- in 1921: Armenia, Georgia
- in Siberia, Siberian Revkom (Sibrevkom) existed until 1925.