Hotter than July: Difference between revisions

Hotter than July is an album by Stevie Wonder, originally released on Motown's Tamla label on September 29, 1980. Despite the wide critical acclaim for Wonder's previous works such as Songs in the Key of Life and Innervisions, Hotter than July was his first album eligible for platinum status, as Motown sales records before 1977 were not audited by the Recording Industry Association of America. This was his most successful album in the UK, peaking at #2 and producing four top ten singles.^[1]

Background

The commercial failure of his last album Journey through the Secret Life of Plants with only one single "Send One Your Love" making the top 5 of the Bilboard chart left him struggling at the turn of the new decade. Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).^[2] Personally he let the media know that he felt that Motown had not promoted the album very well. ^[3] His talents kept him busy when he co-wrote the song "Let's Get Serious" with Lee Garrett for Jermaine Jackson's 1980 album of the same name and another with Eric Clapton called "You Are My Heaven" which became a success on Atlantic Records. During this time of upheaval, he was also in demand as a guest artist on many other albums ranging from the likes of B.B. King, James Taylor, Quincy Jones and Smokey Robinson among others. ^[2]

Wonder finally began work on a new album which was to be titled Hotter than July.^[2] Inspired by his love for reggae music from meeting Bob Marley, Wonder was encouraged to write the first track, Master Blaster (Jammin'), after their performance at the Black Music Association in Philadelphia in 1979.^[4][5] The recording sessions were primarily done at Wonderland Studios in Los Angeles (which Stevie Wonder had recently acquired) where he became responsible for writing, producing and arranging his own material for the new album. ^[6]

Inspired by the growing popularity of Bob Marley's music and its clear messages against war, "Master Blaster (Jammin)" (U.S. #5) was Wonder's way of honoring Marley. (The lyrics of the song even mention Marley's name.) The country-tinged "I Ain't Gonna Stand for It" (U.S. #11), the ballad "Lately" (U.S. #64) and the upbeat "Happy Birthday" were other notable successes from the album. In the UK, all four singles reached the top 10, with the first and last releases peaking at #2 in the charts.^[7]

Track two, "All I Do", had originally been written by a teenaged Wonder and collaborators Clarence Paul and Morris Broadnax in 1966. Tammi Terrell recorded the original version of the song that year; her version remained in the Motown vaults until the release of the compilation A Cellarful of Motown! in the United Kingdom in 2002. Michael Jackson, Eddie Levert and Betty Wright provided background vocals for the song on Wonder's album.

Charlie and Ronnie Wilson of The Gap Band provided backing vocals for "I Ain't Gonna Stand for It".

Sleeve liner design and Martin Luther King Day activism

Wonder wrote "Happy Birthday" in order to honor Martin Luther King and used the song to campaign for King's birthday, January 15, to become a national holiday in the USA. The sleeve liner design (of the 1980 Motown LP issue) is entirely dedicated to these two purposes. Both sides are printed in a black-and-white semi-glossy photographic process. One side features a large square photograph portrait of King inset on a black background with white lettering above and below. Above the photo is printed "Martin Luther King, Jr." "January 15, 1929 -- April 4, 1968" (on two lines, centered), and below it appears a passage of text written by Wonder. The text below the photo reads:

It is believed that for a man to lay down his life for the love of others is the supreme sacrifice. Jesus Christ by his own example showed us that there is no greater love. For nearly two thousand years now we have been striving to have the strength to follow that example. Martin Luther King was a man who had that strength. He showed us, non-violently, a better way of life, a way of mutual respect, helping us to avoid much bitter confrontation and inevitable bloodshed. We still have a long road to travel until we reach the world that was his dream. We in the United States must not forget either his supreme sacrifice or that dream.

I and a growing number of people believe that it is time for our country to adopt legislation that will make January 15, Martin Luther King's birthday, a national holiday, both in recognition of what he achieved and as a reminder of the distance which still has to be traveled.

Join me in the observance of January 15, 1981 as a national holiday.
Stevland Morris a/k/a Stevie Wonder

To the right of this text is a thumbprint, presumably Stevie Wonder's (Stevland Morris's), serving as his signature.

On the other side of the sleeve is a collage of five historical photos. Two images, one above the other, form the background. The top image shows an aerial view of a low-lying urban area with a six-lane highway passing through it and thick smoke rising from many of the buildings on both sides of the highway--apparently a riot scene. The bottom image shows a confrontation, in an urban street four of five lanes wide, between a large group of African Americans standing in non-violent defiance and law enforcement officers with white helmets and weapons who are apparently advancing on them. The other three, smaller photos are laid out horizontally across the midline where the background images meet and are about 40% of the height of the sleeve. In the center is a wide rectangular photo of a large peaceful demonstration march, with both black and white participants, being led by Martin Luther King. To either side are two square photos of apparent police brutality: in the photo to the left, three officers in white helmets seize a male African American youth by his arms and one leg; one officer holds as a club what appears to be a long nightstick turned around with with the thicker handle end out. In the photo to the right, an African American man lies in a pool of blood on the sidewalk in front of an urban store, while in the foreground an officer in a white helmet stands at a distance and looks toward him, and in the background another African American man crouches with his back against the wall and looks away. (King directly mentioned police brutality in his famous "I Have A Dream" speech.)

These images contrast with the general mood of the album, which is upbeat and positive, including "Happy Birthday". Exceptions are the few songs about romantic turmoil ("Rocket Love", "I Ain't Gonna Stand For It", "Lately") and the socially critical "Cash In Your Face", which protests racial housing discrimination.

Track listing

All songs written, produced and arranged by Stevie Wonder except where noted.

1. "Did I Hear You Say You Love Me" – 4:07
2. "All I Do" (music: Wonder; lyrics: Wonder, Clarence Paul, Morris Broadnax) – 5:06
3. "Rocket Love" – 4:39
4. "I Ain't Gonna Stand for It" – 4:39
5. "As If You Read My Mind" – 3:47
6. "Master Blaster (Jammin)" – 5:07
7. "Do Like You" – 4:25
8. "Cash in Your Face" – 3:59
9. "Lately" – 4:05
10. "Happy Birthday" – 5:57

Album Lyrics

Musicians

• Stevie Wonder - Vocals, Synthesizer, Drums, Fender Rhodes, Bass Synthesizer, Clavinet, Background Vocals, Arp, Vocoder, Piano, Harpsichord, Celeste, Keyboards, Bass Melodian, Harmonica, Cabasa, Percussion, Bells, Handclaps, Flute Synthesizer
• Nathan Watts - Bass, Background Vocals
• Benjamin Bridges - Guitar, Background Vocals
• Dennis Davis - Drums
• Earl DeRouen - Percussion, Background Vocals
• Isaiah Sanders - Fender Rhodes, Background Vocals, Pianet
• Hank Redd - Saxophone, Handclaps
• Robert Malach - Saxophone
• Larry Gittens - Trumpet
• Nolan A. Smith Jr. - Trumpet
• Paul Riser - String Arrangement
• Hank Devito - Steel Guitar
• Rick Zunigar - Guitar
• Background Vocals - Angela Winbush, Mary Lee Whitney Evans, Susaye Greene Brown, Alexandra Brown Evans, Shirley Brewer, Ed Brown, Charlie Collins, Eddie Levert, Walter Williams, Michael Jackson, Jamil Raheem, Betty Wright, Ronnie J. Wilson, Charles K. Wilson, Syreeta Wright, Marva Holcolm, Melody McCulley, Delores Barnes
• Handclaps - Stephanie Andrews, Bill Wolfer, Trevor Lawrence, Dennis Morrison, Kimberly Jackson

Charts

Album

Single

References

Notes

External links

• Unofficial website reviewing album with sound clips
• Cash in Your Face: exploring the harder edge of Stevie Wonder