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German and US ghost stories,
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A noted modern British writer of ghost fiction is [[Ramsey Campbell]].<ref>''Ramsey Campbell and Modern Horror Fiction'', by [[S.T. Joshi]]. Liverpool University Press, 2001 ISBN 0-85323-765-4 pg. 53-63</ref>
A noted modern British writer of ghost fiction is [[Ramsey Campbell]].<ref>''Ramsey Campbell and Modern Horror Fiction'', by [[S.T. Joshi]]. Liverpool University Press, 2001 ISBN 0-85323-765-4 pg. 53-63</ref>

===Germany===
[[E. T. A. Hoffmann]] produced several ghost stories, including "The Elementary Spirit" and
"The Mines of Falun". <ref name="ab">Andrew Barger, "Introduction:All Ghosts are Grey" in
Barger (editor),''The Best Ghost Stories 1800-1849: A Classic Ghost Anthology''
Bottletree Books LLC, 2011. ISBN 1933747331, (p. 7-12)</ref>

===United States===
Influenced by British and German examples, American writers began to produce their own ghost stories. [[Washington Irving]]
wrote "The Adventure of the German Student" and <ref name="ab"></ref>
[[Edgar Allan Poe]] wrote some stories which contain ghosts, such as "[[The Masque of the Red Death]]" and "Morella".
<ref name="ab"> </ref>


===Japan===
===Japan===
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===Arabia===
===Arabia===


The ''[[One Thousand and One Nights|Arabian Nights]]'' contains [[One Thousand and One Nights#Horror fiction elements|a number of ghost stories]], often involving [[Genie|jinns]], [[ghoul]]s and [[corpse]]s. Other medieval [[Arabic literature]] such as the ''[[Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity]]'' also contain ghost stories.
The ''[[One Thousand and One Nights|Arabian Nights]]'' contains [[One Thousand and One Nights#Horror fiction elements|a number of ghost stories]], often involving [[Genie|jinns]], [[ghoul]]s and [[corpse]]s. {{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} Other medieval [[Arabic literature]] such as the ''[[Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity]]'' also contain ghost stories. {{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}


===India===
===India===
The "Vikram and Betal" is a collection of ghost stories narrated by the ghost, "Betal".
The "Vikram and Betal" is a collection of ghost stories narrated by the ghost, "Betal". {{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}


==See also==
==See also==
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==Texts==
==Texts==
* Bailey, Dale. ''American Nightmares: The Haunted House Formula in American Popular Fiction''
Bowling Green, OH: Popular Press, 1999. ISBN 0-8797-2789-6
* {{cite book|last=Felton|first=D.|title=Haunted Greece and Rome: Ghost Stories from Classical Antiquity|year=1999|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=0-292-72508-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Felton|first=D.|title=Haunted Greece and Rome: Ghost Stories from Classical Antiquity|year=1999|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=0-292-72508-6}}
* Ashley, Mike, Editor. ''Phantom Perfumes and Other Shades: Memories of GHOST STORIES Magazine'', Ash-Tree Press, 2000.
* Ashley, Mike, Editor. ''Phantom Perfumes and Other Shades: Memories of GHOST STORIES Magazine'', Ash-Tree Press, 2000.
* Medieval ghost stories : an anthology of miracles, marvels and prodigies / comp. and ed. by Andrew Joynes, Woodbridge: Boydell press, 2003.
* Joynes, Andrew (editor), ''Medieval ghost stories : an anthology of miracles, marvels and prodigies'' Woodbridge: Boydell press, 2003.
* Locke, John, Editor. ''Ghost Stories: The Magazine and Its Makers: Volumes 1 & 2'', Off-Trail Publications, 2010.
* Locke, John, Editor. ''Ghost Stories: The Magazine and Its Makers: Volumes 1 & 2'', Off-Trail Publications, 2010.
* [[Jack Sullivan (literary scholar)|Sullivan, Jack]]. '' Elegant Nightmares: The English Ghost Story From Le Fanu To Blackwood'', Ohio University Press, 1978. ISBN 0-8214-0569-1


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 18:15, 13 May 2012

For other uses, see Ghost Story (disambiguation).

A ghost story may be any piece of fiction, or drama, or an account of an experience, that includes a ghost, or simply takes as a premise the possibility of ghosts or characters' belief in them. Colloquially, the term can refer to any kind of scary story. In a narrower sense, the ghost story has been developed as a short story format, within genre fiction. It is a form of supernatural fiction and specifically of weird fiction, and is often a horror story. While ghost stories are often explicitly meant to be scary, they have been written to serve all sorts of purposes, from comedy to morality tales. Ghosts often appear in the narrative as sentinels or prophets of things to come. Whatever their uses, the ghost story is in some format present in all cultures around the world, and may be passed down orally or in written form.

Around the world

Britain and Ireland

One of the most influential writers of ghost stories was the Irish author Sheridan Le Fanu. Le Fanu's collections, such as In a Glass Darkly (1872) and The Purcell Papers (1880) helped popularise the short story as a medium for ghost fiction. [1] Charlotte Riddell, who wrote fiction as Mrs. J. H. Riddell, created ghost stories which were noted for adept use of the Haunted house theme. [2] In "Some Remarks on Ghost Stories"[3] (1929), M. R. James identifies five key features of the English ghost story, as summarized by Prof. Frank Coffman for a course in popular imaginative literature:

  • The pretense of truth
  • "A pleasing terror"
  • No gratuitous bloodshed or sex
  • No "explanation of the machinery"
  • Setting: "those of the writer's (and reader's) own day"

A noted modern British writer of ghost fiction is Ramsey Campbell.[4]

Germany

E. T. A. Hoffmann produced several ghost stories, including "The Elementary Spirit" and "The Mines of Falun". [5]

United States

Influenced by British and German examples, American writers began to produce their own ghost stories. Washington Irving wrote "The Adventure of the German Student" and [5] Edgar Allan Poe wrote some stories which contain ghosts, such as "The Masque of the Red Death" and "Morella". [5]

Japan

The Tale of Genji contains ghost stories. In English Victorian society, Lafcadio Hearn published his collection of Japanese folktales, Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things.[6]

Arabia

The Arabian Nights contains a number of ghost stories, often involving jinns, ghouls and corpses. [citation needed] Other medieval Arabic literature such as the Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity also contain ghost stories. [citation needed]

India

The "Vikram and Betal" is a collection of ghost stories narrated by the ghost, "Betal". [citation needed]

See also

Texts

  • Bailey, Dale. American Nightmares: The Haunted House Formula in American Popular Fiction

Bowling Green, OH: Popular Press, 1999. ISBN 0-8797-2789-6

  • Felton, D. (1999). Haunted Greece and Rome: Ghost Stories from Classical Antiquity. University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-72508-6.
  • Ashley, Mike, Editor. Phantom Perfumes and Other Shades: Memories of GHOST STORIES Magazine, Ash-Tree Press, 2000.
  • Joynes, Andrew (editor), Medieval ghost stories : an anthology of miracles, marvels and prodigies Woodbridge: Boydell press, 2003.
  • Locke, John, Editor. Ghost Stories: The Magazine and Its Makers: Volumes 1 & 2, Off-Trail Publications, 2010.
  • Sullivan, Jack. Elegant Nightmares: The English Ghost Story From Le Fanu To Blackwood, Ohio University Press, 1978. ISBN 0-8214-0569-1

References

  1. ^ J. L. Campbell, Sr., "J. S. Le Fanu", in Bleiler, E. F., ed. Supernatural Fiction Writers. New York, Scribner's, 1985. ISBN 0-684-17808-7 . (pp.219-232).
  2. ^ J. L. Campbell, Sr., "Mrs. J. H. Riddell", in Bleiler, (1985), (pp. 269-278).
  3. ^ Excerpts From "Some Remarks on Ghost Stories". 13 October 2005. [dead link]
  4. ^ Ramsey Campbell and Modern Horror Fiction, by S.T. Joshi. Liverpool University Press, 2001 ISBN 0-85323-765-4 pg. 53-63
  5. ^ a b c Andrew Barger, "Introduction:All Ghosts are Grey" in Barger (editor),The Best Ghost Stories 1800-1849: A Classic Ghost Anthology Bottletree Books LLC, 2011. ISBN 1933747331, (p. 7-12)
  6. ^ "Kwaidan", by Brian Stableford, in Frank N. Magill, ed., Survey of Modern Fantasy Literature, Vol 2. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem Press, Inc., 1983, ISBN 0-89356-450-8 (pg. 859-860).

External links

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