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Coordinates: 50°17′35″N 2°46′29″E / 50.29306°N 2.77472°E / 50.29306; 2.77472
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{{Infobox religious building
{{Infobox religious building
| building_name = Cathedral of Our Lady and Saint Vaast<br /><small>Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast</small>
| building_name = Cathedral of Our Lady and Saint Vaast<br /><small>Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast</small>
| image = Arras cathedral.jpg
| image = Arras Cathédrale R01.jpg
| caption = Arras Cathedral
| caption = Arras Cathedral
| location = [[Arras]], [[Pas-de-Calais]], [[France]] {{flagicon|France }}
| location = [[Arras]], [[Pas-de-Calais]], [[France]] {{flagicon|France }}
| geo = {{coord|50|17|35|N|2|46|29|E|type:landmark_region:FR|display=inline,title}}
| geo = {{coord|50|17|35|N|2|46|29|E|type:landmark_region:FR|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation = [[Roman Catholic]]
| religious_affiliation = [[Catholic Church]]
| rite =
| rite = [[Latin Church|Latin Rite]]
| province =
| province =
| district = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Arras|Diocese of Arras]]
| district = [[Catholic Diocese of Arras|Diocese of Arras]]
| consecration_year =
| consecration_year = 1833
| status = [[Cathedral]]
| status = [[Cathedral]]
| leadership =
| leadership =
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| architect = [[Pierre Contant d'Ivry]]
| architect = [[Pierre Contant d'Ivry]]
| architecture_type = [[Church architecture|Church]]
| architecture_type = [[Church architecture|Church]]
| architecture_style=
| architecture_style= [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Classical architecture|Classical]]
| facade_direction =
| facade_direction =
| groundbreaking =
| groundbreaking =
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| materials =
| materials =
}}
}}
'''Arras Cathedral''' (''Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast d'Arras'') is the [[Roman Catholic]] [[Church architecture|church]] in the city of [[Arras]], [[France]]. It is the seat of the [[bishops of Arras]].
'''Arras Cathedral''' ([[French language|French]]: ''Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast d'Arras'') is the [[Catholic]] [[Church architecture|church]] in the city of [[Arras]], [[France]]. The [[cathedral]] is the seat of the [[Bishops of Arras]].


==History==
The original cathedral of Arras, constructed between 1030 and 1396, was one of the most beautiful [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] structures in northern France, until it was destroyed in the [[French Revolution]].<ref>http://www.abelard.org/france/germans_in_france-arras.php#revolution_destruction What was the Cathedral like before the Revolution? (accessed 2015 Jan 21)</ref> The cathedral was the resting place of [[Louis, Count of Vermandois|Louis de Bourbon, ''Légitimé de France'']], illegitimate son of Louis XIV and [[Louise de La Vallière]].
When the diocese of Arras was renewed in 1094 with [[Lambert of Arras|Lambert of Guines]] as its first bishop, the church of Notre-Dame-en-Cité became its first cathedral.{{sfn|Gameson|2007|p=233}} The building, constructed between 1030 and 1396, was one of the most beautiful [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] structures in northern France.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.abelard.org/france/germans_in_france-arras.php#revolution_destruction | title = What was the Cathedral like before the Revolution? | date = 25 May 2010 | author = abelard | work = abelard.org | access-date = 21 January 2015}}</ref> The cathedral was the resting place of [[Louis, Count of Vermandois|Louis de Bourbon, ''Légitimé de France'']], a legitimated son of Louis XIV and [[Louise de La Vallière]]. During the [[French Revolution]], the building was sold on 1 January 1799 to speculators and stripped of valuable fabrics. Three years later, the shell was demolished.{{sfn|Gameson|2007|p=235}}


===Abbey Church of Saint-Vaast===
The church of the former [[St. Vaast's Abbey]] was rebuilt in [[classical architecture|classical]] style as a replacement cathedral. It is 'a very large building, the erection of which was begun in 1755 from plans by [[Pierre Contant d'Ivry]], the architect who later created designs for the [[La Madeleine, Paris|Church of La Madeleine]] in Paris. The work was interrupted during the Revolution, then resumed by virtue of a municipal decree dated “Nivôse 27, Year XII”, which ran: “... to erect the edifice, abandoning everything in the original plans connected with decoration and architectural beauty, limiting the work to the requirements of solidity and decency.” The church was finished in accordance with these prescriptions, being completed in 1834. The interior was of plaster-coated brickwork, whilst the columns were of undressed stone, covered with stone-coloured mortar. The capitals were of stucco-work.'<ref>http://www.abelard.org/france/germans_in_france-arras.php#revolution_destruction The Cathedral of St. Vaast (accessed 2015 Jan 21)</ref>
The church of the former [[St. Vaast's Abbey]] was rebuilt beginning in 1750 in [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]] style. The design was chosen by the former abbot of St. Vaast's, the [[Cardinal de Rohan]], and is of remarkable simplicity. It is 'a very large building, the erection of which was begun in 1755 from plans by [[Pierre Contant d'Ivry]], the architect who later created designs for the [[La Madeleine, Paris|Church of La Madeleine]] in Paris. The work was interrupted during the Revolution.<ref name=open>[https://openchurches.eu/en/churches/notre-dame-de-lassomption-et-saint-vaast-arras-ndf "Notre-Dame de l'Assomption et Saint-Vaast", Open Churches]</ref>


After the Revolution, the Abbey Church was designated as to replace the destroyed cathedral in 1804.{{sfn|Gameson|2007|p=235}} Work resumed by virtue of a municipal decree dated “Nivôse 27, Year XII”, which ran: “... to erect the edifice, abandoning everything in the original plans connected with decoration and architectural beauty, limiting the work to the requirements of solidity and decency.”
The design was chosen by the former abbot of St. Vaast's, the [[Cardinal de Rohan]], and is of remarkable simplicity.

[[File:Arras cathedral destruction ww1.jpg|left|thumb|Cathedral showing damage during World War I.]]
The church was finished in accordance with these prescriptions, being completed in 1834. The interior was of plaster-coated brickwork, whilst the columns were of undressed stone, covered with stone-coloured mortar. The capitals were of stucco-work.'<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.abelard.org/france/germans_in_france-arras.php#revolution_destruction | title = The Cathedral of St. Vaast | date = 25 May 2010 | author = abelard | work = abelard.org | access-date = 21 January 2015}}</ref>
⚫
Arras Cathedral was destroyed by shelling in April 1917, during the run-up to the [[Nivelle offensives]] of [[World War I]].<ref>G.J. Meyer, A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918, at 532 (Delta 2007),</ref> and subsequently rebuilt in its previous form.

==Description==
[[File:The main entrance to the Arras Cathedral showing the roof completely blown off and the steps covered with fallen masonry (I0004842).jpg|left|thumb|The main entrance to the Arras Cathedral showing the roof completely blown off and the steps covered with fallen masonry, [ca. 1918]]]
⚫
Arras Cathedral was heavily damaged by shelling in April 1917, during the run-up to the [[Nivelle offensives]] of [[World War I]],<ref>{{cite book | first = G.J. | last = Meyer | title = A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918 | url = https://archive.org/details/worldundonestory00gjme | url-access = registration | page = [https://archive.org/details/worldundonestory00gjme/page/532 532] | publisher = Delta | year = 2007}}</ref> and subsequently rebuilt in its previous form.<ref name=open/>

A marble statue of the Virgin with Child by [[Jean-Pierre Cortot]] was donated by [[Louis XVIII]].<ref>[https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM62000072 "Vierge", Ministère de la Culture]</ref>

Sculptor [[Marcel Gaumont#Arras Cathedral|Marcel Gaumont]] did considerable work on the cathedral. The pulpit depicts Christ amongst his disciples and the four evangelists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arras.catholique.fr/page-12107-cathedrale-arras.html
|title=Guide to Arras cathedral|accessdate=27 October 2014}}</ref> He also provided the baptismal font which shows on one side the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist, and on the other Saint Vaast blessing a group of people.<ref name=open/> [[Alexandre Descatoire]] did the [[Stations of the Cross]].

The cathedral is adjacent to the [[Musée des beaux-arts d'Arras]], formerly the Benedictine [[Abbey of Saint-Vaast]].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==Sources==
* {{cite journal |last1=Gameson |first1=Richard |title=The Earliest Books of Arras Cathedral |journal=Scriptorium |date=2007 |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=233–285 |doi=10.3406/scrip.2007.4224 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_2007_num_61_2_4224 |access-date=25 May 2024}}

{{commons category|Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast d'Arras|Arras Cathedral}}
{{commons category|Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast d'Arras|Arras Cathedral}}
*[http://www.scholares.net/index.php?Gazetteer-Arras Location]


{{Catholic Church in France|state=collapsed}}
{{Basilicas in France}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in France]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in France]]
[[Category:Basilica churches in France]]
[[Category:Basilica churches in France]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Arras]]
[[Category:Churches in Pas-de-Calais]]
[[Category:Churches in Pas-de-Calais]]
[[Category:Monuments historiques of Hauts-de-France]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Arras]]
[[Category:Monuments historiques of Pas-de-Calais]]

{{France-RC-cathedral-stub}}

Latest revision as of 23:18, 25 May 2024

Cathedral of Our Lady and Saint Vaast
Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast
Arras Cathedral
Religion
AffiliationCatholic Church
DistrictDiocese of Arras
RiteLatin Rite
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusCathedral
Year consecrated1833
Location
LocationArras, Pas-de-Calais, France France
Geographic coordinates50°17′35″N 2°46′29″E / 50.29306°N 2.77472°E / 50.29306; 2.77472
Architecture
Architect(s)Pierre Contant d'Ivry
TypeChurch
StyleGothic, Classical

Arras Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Vaast d'Arras) is the Catholic church in the city of Arras, France. The cathedral is the seat of the Bishops of Arras.

History[edit]

When the diocese of Arras was renewed in 1094 with Lambert of Guines as its first bishop, the church of Notre-Dame-en-Cité became its first cathedral.[1] The building, constructed between 1030 and 1396, was one of the most beautiful Gothic structures in northern France.[2] The cathedral was the resting place of Louis de Bourbon, Légitimé de France, a legitimated son of Louis XIV and Louise de La Vallière. During the French Revolution, the building was sold on 1 January 1799 to speculators and stripped of valuable fabrics. Three years later, the shell was demolished.[3]

Abbey Church of Saint-Vaast[edit]

The church of the former St. Vaast's Abbey was rebuilt beginning in 1750 in neoclassical style. The design was chosen by the former abbot of St. Vaast's, the Cardinal de Rohan, and is of remarkable simplicity. It is 'a very large building, the erection of which was begun in 1755 from plans by Pierre Contant d'Ivry, the architect who later created designs for the Church of La Madeleine in Paris. The work was interrupted during the Revolution.[4]

After the Revolution, the Abbey Church was designated as to replace the destroyed cathedral in 1804.[3] Work resumed by virtue of a municipal decree dated “Nivôse 27, Year XII”, which ran: “... to erect the edifice, abandoning everything in the original plans connected with decoration and architectural beauty, limiting the work to the requirements of solidity and decency.”

The church was finished in accordance with these prescriptions, being completed in 1834. The interior was of plaster-coated brickwork, whilst the columns were of undressed stone, covered with stone-coloured mortar. The capitals were of stucco-work.'[5]

Description[edit]

The main entrance to the Arras Cathedral showing the roof completely blown off and the steps covered with fallen masonry, [ca. 1918]

Arras Cathedral was heavily damaged by shelling in April 1917, during the run-up to the Nivelle offensives of World War I,[6] and subsequently rebuilt in its previous form.[4]

A marble statue of the Virgin with Child by Jean-Pierre Cortot was donated by Louis XVIII.[7]

Sculptor Marcel Gaumont did considerable work on the cathedral. The pulpit depicts Christ amongst his disciples and the four evangelists.[8] He also provided the baptismal font which shows on one side the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist, and on the other Saint Vaast blessing a group of people.[4] Alexandre Descatoire did the Stations of the Cross.

The cathedral is adjacent to the Musée des beaux-arts d'Arras, formerly the Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Vaast.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Gameson 2007, p. 233.
  2. ^ abelard (25 May 2010). "What was the Cathedral like before the Revolution?". abelard.org. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  3. ^ a b Gameson 2007, p. 235.
  4. ^ a b c "Notre-Dame de l'Assomption et Saint-Vaast", Open Churches
  5. ^ abelard (25 May 2010). "The Cathedral of St. Vaast". abelard.org. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  6. ^ Meyer, G.J. (2007). A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918. Delta. p. 532.
  7. ^ "Vierge", Ministère de la Culture
  8. ^ "Guide to Arras cathedral". Retrieved 27 October 2014.

Sources[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arras Cathedral.
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