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| construction_beginning =
| construction_beginning =
| construction_finished =
| construction_finished =
| first_traffic = December 15, 2012
| first_traffic = {{start date and age|December 15, 2012}}
| design_capacity = 12.8 Tbit/s
| design_capacity = 20 Tbit/s
| lit_capacity =
| lit_capacity =
| built_by =
| built_by =
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}}
}}


'''Africa Coast to Europe''' ('''ACE''') is an [[Optical fiber|optical-fiber]] [[Submarine communications cable|submarine cable]] system serving 24 countries on the west coast of Africa and Europe, managed by a consortium of 19 members.
'''Africa Coast to Europe''' (ACE) is an [[Optical fiber|optical-fiber]] [[Submarine communications cable|submarine cable]] system serving 24 countries on the Europe , west coast and south Africa, managed by a consortium of 20 members.


The ACE cable connects more than 400 million people, either directly for coastal countries or through land links for landlocked countries such as [[Mali]] and [[Niger]]. ACE is also the first international submarine cable to land in [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], [[Guinea]], [[Liberia]], [[Mauritania]], [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] and [[Sierra Leone]].
The ACE cable connects more than 450 million people, either directly for coastal countries or through land links for landlocked countries such as [[Mali]] and [[Niger]]. ACE is also the first international submarine cable to land in [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], [[Guinea]], [[Liberia]], [[Mauritania]], [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] and [[Sierra Leone]].


Agreements are being put in place to allow the arrival of other operators in countries along the ACE cable route. [[Guinea-Bissau]] is the next country to be connected to the submarine cable.
Agreements are being put in place to allow the arrival of other operators in countries along the ACE cable route. [[Guinea-Bissau]] is the next country to be connected to the submarine cable.


ACE Consortium consists of telecommunications operators and member countries that have invested in the total 700 million dollars project, sometimes with the financial support of the [[World Bank]]. The consortium agreement was signed on 5 June 2010 and on 15 December 2012, this 17,000 km-long cable was put into service for the first time. The official inauguration ceremony was held in [[Banjul]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], on 19 December 2012.
ACE Consortium consists of telecommunications operators and member countries that have invested in the total 700 million dollars project, sometimes with the financial support of the [[World Bank]]. The consortium agreement was signed on 5 June 2010 and on 15 December 2012, this 17,000 km-long cable was put into service for the first time. The official inauguration ceremony was held in [[Banjul]], [[The Gambia|Gambia]], on 19 December 2012.


The 4 to 5 cms diameter cable has a potential capacity of 12.8 Tbps and runs at around 6,000m below the sea level.
The 4 to 5 cms diameter cable runs at around 6,000m below the sea level. The maximum capacity of the entire system is increased from 12.8 Tbps in the design to 20 Tbps.


It has been manufactured by [[Alcatel Submarine Networks]] (ASN) and laid by ships from ASN and [[Orange Marine]].
It has been manufactured by [[Alcatel Submarine Networks]] (ASN) and laid by ships from ASN and [[Orange Marine]].

==ACE consortium==
==ACE consortium==
[[File:CARTE ACE FINAL.jpg|thumb|Africa Coast to Europe Map 2023]]

⚫
The cable cost consortium members $700 million:

⚫
The cable cost consortium members $700 million :


* ACE Gabon
* ACE Gabon
*Bénin ACE GIE
*Bénin ACE GIE
* [[Cable Consortium of Liberia]]
* [[Cable Consortium of Liberia]]
* [http://www.canalink.tel/ Canalink]
* Canalink
* [[Dolphin Telecom]]
* Dolphin Telecom
* Gambia Submarine Cable
* Gambia Submarine Cable
* [[:fr:Guinéenne_de_Large_Bande|GUILAB SA]]
* [[:fr:Guinéenne_de_Large_Bande|GUILAB SA]]
* [http://www.tic.gov.mr/imt International Mauritania Telecom]
* International Mauritania Telecom
* [[MTN Group|MTN Global Connect]]
* [[MTN Group|MTN Global Connect]]
* [[Orange S.A.|Orange (France)]]
* [[Orange S.A.|Orange (France)]]

* [[Orange Cameroon|Orange Cameroun]]
* [[Orange Cameroon|Orange Cameroun]]
* [[:fr:Côte_d'Ivoire_Telecom|Orange Côte d'Ivoire]]
* [[:fr:Côte_d'Ivoire_Telecom|Orange Côte d'Ivoire]]
* [[Orange Mali]]
* [[Orange Mali]]

*[[Orange Niger]]
*[[Orange Niger]]
*[http://www.gitge.com/ Gestor de Infraestructuras de Telecomunicaciones de Guinea Ecuatorial (GITGE)]
*Gestor de Infraestructuras de Telecomunicaciones de Guinea Ecuatorial
*SCGB
*SCGB

* [[Sonatel]]
* [[Sonatel]]
* STP Cabo
* STP Cabo


==Landing points==
==Landing points==
[[File:Station GUILAB..png|thumb|GUILAB landing station]]

[[File:ACE's Duynefontein landing station.jpg|thumb|Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein]]
[[File:Duynefontein landing station.jpg|thumb|Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein]]


Segment 1
Segment 1
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* [[São Tomé and Príncipe|Sao Tomé et principe]], [[São Tomé]]
* [[São Tomé and Príncipe|Sao Tomé et principe]], [[São Tomé]]


Segment 4 (under construction<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-08|title=Submarine cable|url=https://ace-submarinecable.com/submarine-cable/|access-date=2020-12-01|website=ACE Submarine Cable|language=en-GB}}</ref>)



* [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]]
Segment 4 (The last segment is in service - 1 June 2021<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-01|title=Submarine cable last segment ready|url=https://ace-submarinecable.com/news/the-last-segment-is-in-service/|url-status=live|access-date=2020-06-01|website=ACE Submarine Cable|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603050208/https://ace-submarinecable.com/news/the-last-segment-is-in-service/ |archive-date=2021-06-03 }}</ref>)
* [[Angola]]

* [[Namibia|Namibie]]
* [[South Africa]]
* [[South Africa]]


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* [[Point of Presence|PoP-to-PoP connection]] providing access to major cities in Europe and Africa ([[Paris]]''',''' [[Lisbon]]''',''' [[Cape Town]])
* [[Point of Presence|PoP-to-PoP connection]] providing access to major cities in Europe and Africa ([[Paris]]''',''' [[Lisbon]]''',''' [[Cape Town]])
* 100G technology proof
* 100G technology proof
* Design capacity = 12.8 terabytes per second
* Design capacity increased = 20 terabytes per second
* Lit capacity = 1.6 terabytes per second
* Lit capacity = 1.6 terabytes per second
* Initial capacity 200 Gbit/s on segment 1, 160 Gbit/s on segments 2 and 3
* Initial capacity 200&nbsp;Gbit/s on segment 1, 160&nbsp;Gbit/s on segments 2 and 3
* Maximum capacity of 12.8 Tbps at design
* Longest [[Dynamic light scattering|DLS]] = 4400 kilometres (Penmarch - Dakar)
* Longest [[Dynamic light scattering|DLS]] = 4400 kilometres (Penmarch - Dakar)
* Low latency (express and omnibus fibres)
* Low latency (express and omnibus fibres)
* Uses [[wavelength division multiplexing]] (the most advanced for submarine cables)
* Uses [[wavelength division multiplexing]] (the most advanced for submarine cables)


==Cable systems==
Online searches do not return significant outages caused by damage to the cable since 2012, [https://dyn.com/blog/ace-submarine-cable-cut-impacts-ten-countries/ until 2019, March 30].

⚫
== See also ==
⚫
[[List of international submarine communications cables]]

Individual cable systems off the west coast of Africa include:
Individual cable systems off the west coast of Africa include:


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* [[SAT-3/WASC (cable system)|SAT-3/WASC]]
* [[SAT-3/WASC (cable system)|SAT-3/WASC]]
* [[WACS (cable system)|WACS]]
* [[WACS (cable system)|WACS]]

⚫
== See also ==
⚫
* [[List of international submarine communications cables]]


==References==
==References==
*{{cite web |url=http://www.orange.com/en_EN/press/press_releases/att00015869/ACEPressrelease-CMAsignatureEN.pdf |title=Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) Submarine Cable Consortium signs landmark Agreement in Paris |accessdate=2010-06-08}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.orange.com/en_EN/press/press_releases/att00014018/PR_ACE_en_011209.pdf |title=ACE (Africa Coast to Europe) submarine cable welcomes new members |accessdate=2009-12-01}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.francetelecom.com/en_EN/press/press_releases/att00012462/ACE_cable_Press_release-06092009.pdf |title=ACE (Africa Coast to Europe) submarine cable extended to South Africa |accessdate=2009-06-16}}
⚫
*[https://ace-submarinecable.com/ ACE-Africa Coast to Europe website]
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
⚫
[https://ace-submarinecable.com/ ACE-Africa Coast to Europe website]


{{Telecommunications}}
{{Telecommunications}}
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[[Category:Submarine communications cables in the North Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:Submarine communications cables in the North Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:Submarine communications cables in the South Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:Submarine communications cables in the South Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in Africa]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in France]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in Portugal]]

Latest revision as of 23:08, 25 April 2024

ACE - Africa Coast to Europe
Cable typeSubmarine communications cable
First trafficDecember 15, 2012; 11 years ago (December 15, 2012)
Design capacity20 Tbit/s
Area servedWest African coast
Websitewww.ace-submarinecable.com

Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) is an optical-fiber submarine cable system serving 24 countries on the Europe , west coast and south Africa, managed by a consortium of 20 members.

The ACE cable connects more than 450 million people, either directly for coastal countries or through land links for landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger. ACE is also the first international submarine cable to land in Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Guinea, Liberia, Mauritania, São Tomé and Príncipe and Sierra Leone.

Agreements are being put in place to allow the arrival of other operators in countries along the ACE cable route. Guinea-Bissau is the next country to be connected to the submarine cable.

ACE Consortium consists of telecommunications operators and member countries that have invested in the total 700 million dollars project, sometimes with the financial support of the World Bank. The consortium agreement was signed on 5 June 2010 and on 15 December 2012, this 17,000 km-long cable was put into service for the first time. The official inauguration ceremony was held in Banjul, Gambia, on 19 December 2012.

The 4 to 5 cms diameter cable runs at around 6,000m below the sea level. The maximum capacity of the entire system is increased from 12.8 Tbps in the design to 20 Tbps.

It has been manufactured by Alcatel Submarine Networks (ASN) and laid by ships from ASN and Orange Marine.

ACE consortium[edit]

Africa Coast to Europe Map 2023

The cable cost consortium members $700 million:

Landing points[edit]

GUILAB landing station
Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein
Africa Coast to Europe landing station in Duynefontein

Segment 1

Segment 2

Segment 3


Segment 4 (The last segment is in service - 1 June 2021[1])

Technical features[edit]

This 17 000-kilometers long cable is the only one connecting 24 west African and European countries. The ACE consortium members are organized according to a global access concept: multiple investors in one landing station. ACE marine routes have a low history of fault and a time-proof technology. The cable is able to adopt newer transponder technology.

Technical features are as below :

  • PoP-to-PoP connection providing access to major cities in Europe and Africa (Paris, Lisbon, Cape Town)
  • 100G technology proof
  • Design capacity increased = 20 terabytes per second
  • Lit capacity = 1.6 terabytes per second
  • Initial capacity 200 Gbit/s on segment 1, 160 Gbit/s on segments 2 and 3
  • Longest DLS = 4400 kilometres (Penmarch - Dakar)
  • Low latency (express and omnibus fibres)
  • Uses wavelength division multiplexing (the most advanced for submarine cables)

Cable systems[edit]

Individual cable systems off the west coast of Africa include:

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Submarine cable last segment ready". ACE Submarine Cable. 2021-06-01. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2020-06-01.

External links[edit]

ACE-Africa Coast to Europe website

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