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Numerous studies have shown that it has [[anti-inflammatory]]<ref>Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387230/#ref20</ref>,[[anti-oxidative]]<ref>Anti-inflammatuar and anti-oxidative effects of Nigella sativa L.: 18FDG-PET imaging of inflammation.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11033-014-3137-2</ref>,[[Antifungal|anti-mycotic]],[[antibacterial]]<ref>Detection of the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa ground seeds with water.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252685/</ref><ref>Antibacterial activity of Thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa and its potency to prevent bacterial biofilm formation.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3095572/</ref><ref>Comparison of chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa seed essential oils obtained by different extraction methods.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19244901/</ref>, [[anti-fungal]], [[anti-cancer]]<ref>Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20600757/</ref><ref>Radioprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil against oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats exposed to total head irradiation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24679182/</ref><ref>Immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects of Nigella glandulifera freyn and sint seeds on ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mouse model. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23929999/</ref><ref>Thymoquinone up-regulates PTEN expression and induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cells.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037029/</ref><ref>Thymoquinone induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 and mitochondrial events in p53-null myeloblastic leukemia HL-60 cells. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15906362/</ref>, [[anti-viral]], [[antihistamine]] properties, possessing many properties that make it a potential remedy against certain diseases.<ref>Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin): A Promising Natural Remedy for Wide Range of Illnesses.
Numerous studies have shown that it has [[anti-inflammatory]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Khader |first1=Mohannad |last2=Eckl |first2=Peter M. |title=Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications |journal=Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |date=December 2014 |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=950–957 |pmid=25859298 |pmc=4387230 }}</ref> [[anti-oxidative]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Entok |first1=Emre |last2=Ustuner |first2=Mehmet Cengiz |last3=Ozbayer |first3=Cansu |last4=Tekin |first4=Neslihan |last5=Akyuz |first5=Fahrettin |last6=Yangi |first6=Berat |last7=Kurt |first7=Hulyam |last8=Degirmenci |first8=Irfan |last9=Gunes |first9=Hasan Veysi |title=Anti-inflammatuar and anti-oxidative effects of Nigella sativa L.: 18FDG-PET imaging of inflammation |journal=Molecular Biology Reports |date=May 2014 |volume=41 |issue=5 |pages=2827–2834 |doi=10.1007/s11033-014-3137-2 }}</ref> [[Antifungal|anti-mycotic]],[[antibacterial]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bakathir |first1=Hussein Ahmed |last2=Abbas |first2=Nageeb Ahmed |title=Detection of the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa ground seeds with water |journal=African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines: AJTCAM |date=2011 |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=159–164 |doi=10.4314/ajtcam.v8i2.63203 |pmid=22238497 |pmc=3252685 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chaieb |first1=Kamel |last2=Kouidhi |first2=Bochra |last3=Jrah |first3=Hanene |last4=Mahdouani |first4=Kacem |last5=Bakhrouf |first5=Amina |title=Antibacterial activity of Thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa and its potency to prevent bacterial biofilm formation |journal=BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |date=13 April 2011 |volume=11 |pages=29 |doi=10.1186/1472-6882-11-29 |pmid=21489272 |pmc=3095572 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kokoska |first1=L. |last2=Havlik |first2=J. |last3=Valterova |first3=I. |last4=Sovova |first4=H. |last5=Sajfrtova |first5=M. |last6=Jankovska |first6=I. |title=Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Nigella sativa Seed Essential Oils Obtained by Different Extraction Methods |journal=Journal of Food Protection |date=December 2008 |volume=71 |issue=12 |pages=2475–2480 |doi=10.4315/0362-028x-71.12.2475 |pmid=19244901 }}</ref> [[anti-fungal]], [[anti-cancer]]<ref>Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20600757/</ref><ref>Radioprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil against oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats exposed to total head irradiation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24679182/</ref><ref>Immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects of Nigella glandulifera freyn and sint seeds on ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mouse model. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23929999/</ref><ref>Thymoquinone up-regulates PTEN expression and induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cells.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037029/</ref><ref>Thymoquinone induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 and mitochondrial events in p53-null myeloblastic leukemia HL-60 cells. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15906362/</ref>, [[anti-viral]], [[antihistamine]] properties, possessing many properties that make it a potential remedy against certain diseases.<ref>Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin): A Promising Natural Remedy for Wide Range of Illnesses.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6535880/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6535880/
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Revision as of 15:39, 20 March 2023

Nigella
Nigella damascena seed capsule
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Subfamily: Ranunculoideae
Tribe: Nigelleae
Genus: Nigella
L.
Species

Nigella is a genus of 18 species[1] of annual plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Southern Europe, North Africa, South Asia, Southwest Asia and Middle East. Common names applied to members of this genus are nigella, devil-in-a-bush or love-in-a-mist.

The species grow to 20–90 cm (8–35 in) tall, with finely divided leaves; the leaf segments are narrowly linear to threadlike. The flowers are white, yellow, pink, pale blue or pale purple, with five to ten petals. The fruit is a capsule composed of several united follicles, each containing numerous seeds; in some species (e.g. Nigella damascena), the capsule is large and inflated.

Uses

Nigella seeds

Culinary

The seeds of Nigella sativa, known as kalonji, black cumin, black caraway, black coriander, roman coriander, black onion seed, onion seed, charnushka, git (in historical Roman cuisine),[2] or just nigella, are used as a spice and a condiment in South Asian cuisine, Ethiopian cuisine, Middle Eastern and Polish cuisines.[3]

Garden flowers

Nigella in full bloom
Blue Nigella

Several species are grown as ornamental plants in gardens. Nigella damascena has been grown in English cottage gardens since the Elizabethan era, commonly called love-in-a-mist. Nigella hispanica is a taller species with larger blue flowers, red stamens, and grey leaves. Nigella seeds are self-sowing if the seed pods are left to mature.

The dried seed capsules can also be used in flower arrangements.

Use in health care

In traditional medicine, the seeds are used as a carminative and stimulant to ease bowel and indigestion problems, and are given to treat intestinal worms, nerve defects, to reduce flatulence, and induce sweating. Dried pods are sniffed to restore a lost sense of smell. It is also used to repel some insects, much like mothballs.

Nigella orientalis

Numerous studies have shown that it has anti-inflammatory,[4] anti-oxidative,[5] anti-mycotic,antibacterial,[6][7][8] anti-fungal, anti-cancer[9][10][11][12][13], anti-viral, antihistamine properties, possessing many properties that make it a potential remedy against certain diseases.[14]

Black cumin is used in naturopathy. Black cumin oil or powder are used in the treatment of pathologies such as skin diseases, muscle pain, eczema or psoriasis[15], but also acne[16], diabetes, asthma[17], non-androgenic hair loss[18]... A 2014 study showed its positive effects on the harmful effects of radiotherapy treatments.[19]

Nigella oil contains almost 60% linoleic acid (omega 6).

It is available in capsule, oil or powder form, with both internal and external uses (in massages).

In Silico study of 96 phytochemical compounds of Nigella sativa, identifying Nigelladine A as the most promising compound for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition with the highest docking scores for the spike protein and Mpro. Thymoquinone is a phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. Dithymoquinone, kaempferol, Nigelladine B, Nigellidine, and Nigellidine sulphate also showed high docking scores.[20]

References

  1. ^ "Nigella". The Plant List. Retrieved 2020-04-27.
  2. ^ Monaco, Farrel (17 August 2019). "Baking with the Romans--The Key Ingredient: Git".
  3. ^ Peter, K.V. (2004). "Nigella". Handbook of herbs and spices. Vol. 2. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 1-85573-721-3. OCLC 56811946.
  4. ^ Khader, Mohannad; Eckl, Peter M. (December 2014). "Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications". Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 17 (12): 950–957. PMC 4387230. PMID 25859298.
  5. ^ Entok, Emre; Ustuner, Mehmet Cengiz; Ozbayer, Cansu; Tekin, Neslihan; Akyuz, Fahrettin; Yangi, Berat; Kurt, Hulyam; Degirmenci, Irfan; Gunes, Hasan Veysi (May 2014). "Anti-inflammatuar and anti-oxidative effects of Nigella sativa L.: 18FDG-PET imaging of inflammation". Molecular Biology Reports. 41 (5): 2827–2834. doi:10.1007/s11033-014-3137-2.
  6. ^ Bakathir, Hussein Ahmed; Abbas, Nageeb Ahmed (2011). "Detection of the antibacterial effect of Nigella sativa ground seeds with water". African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines: AJTCAM. 8 (2): 159–164. doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v8i2.63203. PMC 3252685. PMID 22238497.
  7. ^ Chaieb, Kamel; Kouidhi, Bochra; Jrah, Hanene; Mahdouani, Kacem; Bakhrouf, Amina (13 April 2011). "Antibacterial activity of Thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa and its potency to prevent bacterial biofilm formation". BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 11: 29. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-29. PMC 3095572. PMID 21489272.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Kokoska, L.; Havlik, J.; Valterova, I.; Sovova, H.; Sajfrtova, M.; Jankovska, I. (December 2008). "Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Nigella sativa Seed Essential Oils Obtained by Different Extraction Methods". Journal of Food Protection. 71 (12): 2475–2480. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-71.12.2475. PMID 19244901.
  9. ^ Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation, Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20600757/
  10. ^ Radioprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil against oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats exposed to total head irradiation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24679182/
  11. ^ Immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects of Nigella glandulifera freyn and sint seeds on ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mouse model. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23929999/
  12. ^ Thymoquinone up-regulates PTEN expression and induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cells.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037029/
  13. ^ Thymoquinone induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-8 and mitochondrial events in p53-null myeloblastic leukemia HL-60 cells. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15906362/
  14. ^ Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin): A Promising Natural Remedy for Wide Range of Illnesses. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6535880/
  15. ^ A Review on the Cosmeceutical and External Applications of Nigella sativa.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5735686/
  16. ^ Nigella Sativa Oil Lotion 20% vs. Benzoyl Peroxide Lotion 5% in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris.https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/emr-104279?lang=en
  17. ^ Nigella sativa Supplementation Improves Asthma Control and Biomarkers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28093815/
  18. ^ Evaluation of a Therapeutic Alternative for Telogen Effluvium: A Pilot Study. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276493673_Evaluation_of_a_Therapeutic_Alternative_for_Telogen_Effluvium_A_Pilot_Study
  19. ^ Radioprotective Effects of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Oxidative Stress in Liver Tissue of Rats Exposed to Total Head Irradiation. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261218064_Radioprotective_Effects_of_Nigella_Sativa_Oil_Against_Oxidative_Stress_in_Liver_Tissue_of_Rats_Exposed_to_Total_Head_Irradiation
  20. ^ Nigelladine A among Selected Compounds from Nigella sativa Exhibits Propitious Interaction with Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Study. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijclp/2023/9917306/

External links

Media related to Nigella at Wikimedia Commons