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Adding local short description: "Chewy, jelly-like food produced by fermenting coconut water", overriding Wikidata description "Chewy, translucent, jelly-like food produced by the fermentation of coconut water" (Shortdesc helper)
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{{Short description|Chewy, jelly-like food produced by fermenting coconut water}}
{{Short description|Chewy, jelly-like food produced by fermenting coconut water}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox prepared food
{{Infobox prepared food
| name = ''Nata de coco''
| name = ''Nata de coco''
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'''''Nata de coco''''', also marketed as '''coconut gel''', is a chewy, translucent, [[Fruit preserves|jelly]]-like food produced by the [[fermentation (food)|fermentation]] of [[coconut water]],<ref>{{cite book | last=Sanchez | first=P.C. | title=Philippine Fermented Foods: Principles and Technology | publisher=University of the Philippines Press | year=2008 | isbn=978-971-542-554-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=smfr-KYgtWkC&pg=PT401 | page=378}}</ref> which gels through the production of [[microbial cellulose]] by ''[[Komagataeibacter xylinus]]''.
'''''Nata de coco''''', also marketed as '''coconut gel''', is a chewy, translucent, [[Fruit preserves|jelly]]-like food produced by the [[fermentation (food)|fermentation]] of [[coconut water]],<ref>{{cite book | last=Sanchez | first=P.C. | title=Philippine Fermented Foods: Principles and Technology | publisher=University of the Philippines Press | year=2008 | isbn=978-971-542-554-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=smfr-KYgtWkC&pg=PT401 | page=378}}</ref> which gels through the production of [[microbial cellulose]] by ''[[Komagataeibacter xylinus]]''.


Originating in the [[Philippines]], ''nata de coco'' was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África as an alternative to the traditional Filipino ''[[nata de piña]]'' made from [[pineapple]]s. It is most commonly sweetened as a candy or dessert, and can accompany a variety of foods, including pickles, drinks, ice cream, puddings, and fruit cocktails.<ref name="Vergara" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sharangi|first1=Amit Baran|last2=Datta|first2=Suchand|title=Value Addition of Horticultural Crops: Recent Trends and Future Directions|date=2015|publisher=Springer|isbn=9788132222620|page=151|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnrdBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA151|access-date=21 April 2017|language=en}}</ref>
Originating in the [[Philippines]], ''nata de coco'' was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África as an alternative to the traditional Filipino ''[[nata de piña]]'' made from [[pineapple]]s. It is most commonly sweetened as a candy or dessert, and can accompany a variety of foods, including pickles, drinks, ice cream, puddings, and fruit cocktails.<ref name="Vergara" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sharangi|first1=Amit Baran|last2=Datta|first2=Suchand|title=Value Addition of Horticultural Crops: Recent Trends and Future Directions|date=2015|publisher=Springer|isbn=9788132222620|page=151|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnrdBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA151|access-date=April 21, 2017|language=en|archive-date=July 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713150059/https://books.google.com/books?id=XnrdBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA151|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
[[File:Nata de coco (Philippines).jpg|thumb|Red ''nata de coco'' in syrup]]
[[File:Nata de coco (Philippines).jpg|thumb|Red ''nata de coco'' in syrup]]
''Nata de coco'' means "[[cream]] of coconut" in [[Spanish language in the Philippines|Spanish]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tietze|first1=Harald|last2=Echano|first2=Arthur|title=Coconut: Rediscovered as Medicinal Food|date=2006|publisher=Harald Tietze Publishing P/|isbn=9781876173579|page=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NAA8_fDI9wC&pg=PA37|access-date=21 April 2017|language=en}}</ref>
{{lang|es|Nata de coco}} means "[[cream]] of coconut" in [[Spanish language in the Philippines|Spanish]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tietze|first1=Harald|last2=Echano|first2=Arthur|title=Coconut: Rediscovered as Medicinal Food|date=2006|publisher=Harald Tietze Publishing P/|isbn=9781876173579|page=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NAA8_fDI9wC&pg=PA37|access-date=April 21, 2017|language=en|archive-date=July 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713150120/https://books.google.com/books?id=0NAA8_fDI9wC&pg=PA37|url-status=live}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
''Nata de coco'' was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África, a [[Filipinos|Filipina]] chemist working for the National Coconut Corporation (now the [[Philippine Coconut Authority]]). It was originally conceived as an alternative to ''[[nata de piña]]'', another gel-like Filipino dessert produced since the 18th century. This was because though the demand was high, ''nata de piña'' was seasonal, as it relied on pineapple harvests from the declining [[piña]] fibre industry.<ref name="Vergara">{{cite book |last1=Vergara |first1=Benito S. |last2=Idowu |first2=Panna Melizah H. |last3=Sumangil |first3=Julia H. |title=Nata de Coco: A Filipino Delicacy |date=1999 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences and Technology, Philippines |isbn=9718538615 |url=http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/Downloads/nast_Vergara%20BS%20Nata%20De%20Coco_422.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Africa">{{cite journal |last1=Africa |first1=Teodula K. |title=The production of nata from coconut water |journal=Unitas |date=1949 |volume=22 |pages=60–100}}</ref>
''Nata de coco'' was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África, a [[Filipinos|Filipino]] chemist working for the National Coconut Corporation (now the [[Philippine Coconut Authority]]). It was originally conceived as an alternative to ''[[nata de piña]]'', another gel-like Filipino dessert produced since the 18th century. This was because though the demand was high, ''nata de piña'' was seasonal, as it relied on pineapple harvests from the declining [[piña]] fibre industry.<ref name="Vergara">{{cite book |last1=Vergara |first1=Benito S. |last2=Idowu |first2=Panna Melizah H. |last3=Sumangil |first3=Julia H. |title=Nata de Coco: A Filipino Delicacy |date=1999 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences and Technology, Philippines |isbn=9718538615 |url=http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/Downloads/nast_Vergara%20BS%20Nata%20De%20Coco_422.pdf |access-date=October 28, 2019 |archive-date=June 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628000120/http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/Downloads/nast_Vergara%20BS%20Nata%20De%20Coco_422.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Africa">{{cite journal |last1=Africa |first1=Teodula K. |title=The production of nata from coconut water |journal=Unitas |date=1949 |volume=22 |pages=60–100}}</ref>


Commercial production of ''nata de coco'' began in 1954, when the agency, renamed the Philippine Coconut Administration, opened a branch in [[Alaminos, Laguna]] and introduced the technology to local farmers. ''Nata de coco'' production was later optimized in the mid-1970s through the efforts of a team of microbiologists led by Priscilla C. Sánchez.<ref name="Vergara"/> In the 20th century, the demand for coconuts increased. Products from coconuts became a major export product of the Philippines, including ''nata de coco''.<ref>{{cite news |title=VCO still PH’s top non-traditional coco export |url=https://business.inquirer.net/211594/vco-still-phs-top-non-traditional-coco-export |access-date=27 January 2021 |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer |date=4 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160704125924/https://business.inquirer.net/211594/vco-still-phs-top-non-traditional-coco-export |archive-date=4 July 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
Commercial production of ''nata de coco'' began in 1954, when the agency, renamed the Philippine Coconut Administration, opened a branch in [[Alaminos, Laguna]] and introduced the technology to local farmers. ''Nata de coco'' production was later optimized in the mid-1970s through the efforts of a team of [[Microbiologist|microbiologists]] led by Priscilla C. Sánchez.<ref name="Vergara"/> In the 20th century, the demand for coconuts increased. Products from coconuts became a major export product of the Philippines, including ''nata de coco''.<ref>{{cite news |title=VCO still PH's top non-traditional coco export |url=https://business.inquirer.net/211594/vco-still-phs-top-non-traditional-coco-export |access-date=January 27, 2021 |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |date=July 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160704125924/https://business.inquirer.net/211594/vco-still-phs-top-non-traditional-coco-export |archive-date=July 4, 2016 |language=en}}</ref>


==Nutrition==
==Nutrition==
''Nata de coco'' is mainly made from coconut water, so it has a modest nutritional profile. One cup of it (118 grams) contains 109 calories, 1 gram of protein, and 7 grams of carbohydrates. It is often characterized as healthful since it contains dietary fiber to aid digestion while carrying fewer calories compared to other desserts, gram for gram.
''Nata de coco'' is mainly made from coconut water and so has a modest nutritional profile. One cup of it (118 grams) contains 109 calories, 1 gram of protein, and 7 grams of carbohydrates. It is often characterized as healthy since it contains dietary fiber to aid digestion while carrying fewer calories compared to other desserts, gram for gram.


==Production==
==Production==
Commercially made ''nata de coco'' is made by small farms in the [[Philippines]], especially in [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]] and [[Quezon province|Quezon]], as well as [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia|Vietnam, Malaysia]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Grimwood|first1=Brian E.|last2=Ashman|first2=F.|title=Coconut Palm Products: Their Processing in Developing Countries|date=1975|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=9789251008539|page=164|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fY5hLeJ-WW4C&pg=PA164|access-date=21 April 2017|language=en}}</ref> and [[Indonesia]], especially in [[Special Region of Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta]]. It is commonly sold in jars.
Commercially made ''nata de coco'' is made by small farms in the [[Philippines]], especially in [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]] and [[Quezon province|Quezon]], as well as [[Thailand]], [[Vietnam]], [[Malaysia]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Grimwood|first1=Brian E.|last2=Ashman|first2=F.|title=Coconut Palm Products: Their Processing in Developing Countries|date=1975|publisher=Food & Agriculture Org.|isbn=9789251008539|page=164|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fY5hLeJ-WW4C&pg=PA164|access-date=April 21, 2017|language=en|archive-date=July 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713150059/https://books.google.com/books?id=fY5hLeJ-WW4C&pg=PA164|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Indonesia]], especially in [[Special Region of Yogyakarta|Yogyakarta]]. It is commonly sold in jars.


The primarily coconut water dessert is produced through the following steps:
The coconut water dessert is primarily produced through the following steps:
#Extraction of the coconut water,
#Extraction of the coconut water,
#Fermentation of the coconut water with bacterial cultures,
#Fermentation of the coconut water with bacterial cultures,
Line 45: Line 47:


==Dessert==
==Dessert==
''Nata de coco'' can be consumed on its own, but it can be used as an ingredient as well for fruit salads, ''[[halo-halo]]'', coconut cakes, ice creams, soft drinks, bubble tea, and yoghurts.
''Nata de coco'' can be consumed on its own, but it can be used as an ingredient as well for fruit salads, ''[[halo-halo]]'', coconut cakes, ice creams, soft drinks, bubble tea, and yogurts.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 52: Line 54:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|40em}}
<references/>


==External links==
==External links==
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[[Category:Foods containing coconut]]
[[Category:Foods containing coconut]]
[[Category:Jams and jellies]]
[[Category:Jams and jellies]]
[[Category:1949 introductions]]

Revision as of 14:07, 29 March 2024

Nata de coco
Nata de coco are the translucent cubes in this fruit salad
TypeConfectionery or dessert
Place of originPhilippines
Created byTeódula Kalaw África
Main ingredientsCoconut water

Nata de coco, also marketed as coconut gel, is a chewy, translucent, jelly-like food produced by the fermentation of coconut water,[1] which gels through the production of microbial cellulose by Komagataeibacter xylinus.

Originating in the Philippines, nata de coco was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África as an alternative to the traditional Filipino nata de piña made from pineapples. It is most commonly sweetened as a candy or dessert, and can accompany a variety of foods, including pickles, drinks, ice cream, puddings, and fruit cocktails.[2][3]

Etymology

Red nata de coco in syrup

Nata de coco means "cream of coconut" in Spanish.[4]

History

Nata de coco was invented in 1949 by Teódula Kalaw África, a Filipino chemist working for the National Coconut Corporation (now the Philippine Coconut Authority). It was originally conceived as an alternative to nata de piña, another gel-like Filipino dessert produced since the 18th century. This was because though the demand was high, nata de piña was seasonal, as it relied on pineapple harvests from the declining piña fibre industry.[2][5]

Commercial production of nata de coco began in 1954, when the agency, renamed the Philippine Coconut Administration, opened a branch in Alaminos, Laguna and introduced the technology to local farmers. Nata de coco production was later optimized in the mid-1970s through the efforts of a team of microbiologists led by Priscilla C. Sánchez.[2] In the 20th century, the demand for coconuts increased. Products from coconuts became a major export product of the Philippines, including nata de coco.[6]

Nutrition

Nata de coco is mainly made from coconut water and so has a modest nutritional profile. One cup of it (118 grams) contains 109 calories, 1 gram of protein, and 7 grams of carbohydrates. It is often characterized as healthy since it contains dietary fiber to aid digestion while carrying fewer calories compared to other desserts, gram for gram.

Production

Commercially made nata de coco is made by small farms in the Philippines, especially in Laguna and Quezon, as well as Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia,[7] and Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta. It is commonly sold in jars.

The coconut water dessert is primarily produced through the following steps:

  1. Extraction of the coconut water,
  2. Fermentation of the coconut water with bacterial cultures,
  3. Separation and cutting of the produced surface layer of nata de coco,
  4. Cleaning and washing off the acetic acid,
  5. Cutting and packaging

Dessert

Nata de coco can be consumed on its own, but it can be used as an ingredient as well for fruit salads, halo-halo, coconut cakes, ice creams, soft drinks, bubble tea, and yogurts.

See also

References

  1. ^ Sanchez, P.C. (2008). Philippine Fermented Foods: Principles and Technology. University of the Philippines Press. p. 378. ISBN 978-971-542-554-4.
  2. ^ a b c Vergara, Benito S.; Idowu, Panna Melizah H.; Sumangil, Julia H. (1999). Nata de Coco: A Filipino Delicacy (PDF). National Academy of Sciences and Technology, Philippines. ISBN 9718538615. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  3. ^ Sharangi, Amit Baran; Datta, Suchand (2015). Value Addition of Horticultural Crops: Recent Trends and Future Directions. Springer. p. 151. ISBN 9788132222620. Archived from the original on July 13, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
  4. ^ Tietze, Harald; Echano, Arthur (2006). Coconut: Rediscovered as Medicinal Food. Harald Tietze Publishing P/. p. 37. ISBN 9781876173579. Archived from the original on July 13, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
  5. ^ Africa, Teodula K. (1949). "The production of nata from coconut water". Unitas. 22: 60–100.
  6. ^ "VCO still PH's top non-traditional coco export". Philippine Daily Inquirer. July 4, 2016. Archived from the original on July 4, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  7. ^ Grimwood, Brian E.; Ashman, F. (1975). Coconut Palm Products: Their Processing in Developing Countries. Food & Agriculture Org. p. 164. ISBN 9789251008539. Archived from the original on July 13, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
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