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Coordinates: 60°34′02″N 140°24′19″W / 60.56722°N 140.40528°W / 60.56722; -140.40528
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== Discovery and naming ==
== Discovery and naming ==
Mount Logan is not readily visible from the surrounding lowlands or the coast, due to its position in the heart of the [[Saint Elias Mountains]], although it can be seen from {{Convert|125|mi|km|-1}} out to sea.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lambart|first=H.F.|date=1926|title=The Conquest of Mount Logan|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1783111|journal=Geographical Journal|volume=LXVIII|pages=1-23}}</ref> Its first reported sighting was in 1890 by [[Israel Russell|Israel C. Russell]], during an expedition to nearby [[Mount Saint Elias]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Holdsworth|first=Gerald|title=Mount Logan|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/mount-logan|url-status=live|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=Israel C.|date=1891|title=An Expedition to Mt. Saint Elias, Alaska|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/63553/63553-h/63553-h.htm|journal=National Geographic Magazine|volume=III|pages=141}}</ref> Russell gave the mountain its present name.
Mount Logan is not readily visible from the surrounding lowlands or the coast, due to its position in the heart of the [[Saint Elias Mountains]], although it can be seen from {{Convert|125|mi|km|-1}} out to sea.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lambart|first=H.F.|date=1926|title=The Conquest of Mount Logan|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1783111|journal=Geographical Journal|volume=LXVIII|pages=1-23}}</ref> Its first reported sighting was in 1890 by [[Israel Russell|Israel C. Russell]], during an expedition to nearby [[Mount Saint Elias]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Holdsworth|first=Gerald|title=Mount Logan|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/mount-logan|url-status=live|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=Israel C.|date=1891|title=An Expedition to Mt. Saint Elias, Alaska|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63553|journal=National Geographic Magazine|volume=III|pages=141}}</ref> Russell gave the mountain its present name.


In 1894 Mount Logan's elevation was measured as {{Convert|19500|ft|m|round=50|disp=x|&nbsp;or&nbsp;about&nbsp;|abbr=on}}, making it the highest known peak in North America at the time.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1894|title=Washington Letter|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bulletin_of_the_American_Geographical_So/R9MBAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA102&printsec=frontcover|journal=Bulletin of the American Geographical Society of New York|volume=26|pages=102-103}}</ref> In 1898 Denali was determined to be higher.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stuck|first=Hudson|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ascent_of_Denali_Mount_McKinley/9c55AAAAMAAJ|title=The Ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley)|date=1918|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|pages=159|language=en}}</ref>
In 1894 Mount Logan's elevation was measured as {{Convert|19500|ft|m|round=50|disp=x|&nbsp;or&nbsp;about&nbsp;|abbr=on}}, making it the highest known peak in North America at the time.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1894|title=Washington Letter|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bulletin_of_the_American_Geographical_So/R9MBAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA102&printsec=frontcover|journal=Bulletin of the American Geographical Society of New York|volume=26|pages=102-103}}</ref> In 1898 Denali was determined to be higher.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stuck|first=Hudson|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ascent_of_Denali_Mount_McKinley/9c55AAAAMAAJ|title=The Ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley)|date=1918|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|pages=159|language=en}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:22, 10 October 2021

For other uses, see Mount Logan (disambiguation).

Mount Logan
Mount Logan from the southeast
Highest point
Elevation5,959 m (19,551 ft)[1]
Prominence5,250 m (17,220 ft)[2]
Parent peakDenali[3]
Listing
Coordinates60°34′02″N 140°24′19″W / 60.56722°N 140.40528°W / 60.56722; -140.40528[4]
Geography
Mount Logan is located in Yukon
Mount Logan
Mount Logan
Location in Yukon, Canada
LocationYukon, Canada
Parent rangeSaint Elias Mountains
Topo mapNTS 115C9 McArthur Peak[4]
Climbing
First ascent1925 by A.H. MacCarthy et al.
Easiest routeglacier/snow/ice climb

Mount Logan (/ˈloʊɡən/) is the highest mountain in Canada and the second-highest peak in North America after Denali. The mountain was named after Sir William Edmond Logan, a Canadian geologist and founder of the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC). Mount Logan is located within Kluane National Park Reserve[5] in southwestern Yukon, less than 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the Yukon–Alaska border. Mount Logan is the source of the Hubbard and Logan glaciers. Logan is believed to have the largest base circumference of any non-volcanic mountain on Earth (many shield volcanoes are much larger in size and mass), including a massif with eleven peaks over 5,000 metres (16,400 ft).[6][7]

Due to active tectonic uplifting, Mount Logan is still rising in height.[8] Before 1992, the exact elevation of Mount Logan was unknown and measurements ranged from 5,959 to 6,050 metres (19,551 to 19,849 ft). In May 1992, a GSC expedition climbed Mount Logan and fixed the current height of 5,959 metres (19,551 ft) using GPS.[6][9]

Temperatures are extremely low on and near Mount Logan. On the 5,000-metre-high (16,000 ft) plateau, air temperature hovers around −45 °C (−49 °F) in the winter and reaches near freezing in summer with the median temperature for the year around −27 °C (−17 °F). Minimal snow melt leads to a significant ice cap, reaching almost 300 metres (980 ft) in certain spots.[7]

Peaks of the massif

The Mount Logan massif is considered to contain all the surrounding peaks with less than 500 m (1,640 ft) of prominence, as listed below:

Peak Height Prominence Coordinates
Main[2] 5,959 m (19,551 ft) 5,250 m (17,224 ft) above Mentasta Pass 60°34′2″N 140°24′19″W / 60.56722°N 140.40528°W / 60.56722; -140.40528 ((primary peak))
Philippe Peak (West)[10] 5,925 m (19,439 ft) 265 m (869 ft) 60°34′42.6″N 140°26′02.4″W / 60.578500°N 140.434000°W / 60.578500; -140.434000 (Philippe Peak)
Logan East Peak (Stuart Peak)[11] 5,898 m (19,350 ft) 198 m (650 ft) 60°34′31.1″N 140°22′00.1″W / 60.575306°N 140.366694°W / 60.575306; -140.366694 (Logan East Peak)
Houston's Peak[12] 5,740 m (18,832 ft) 100 m (328 ft) 60°35′03.5″N 140°27′20.5″W / 60.584306°N 140.455694°W / 60.584306; -140.455694 (Houston's Peak)
Prospector Peak[13] 5,644 m (18,517 ft) 344 m (1,129 ft) 60°35′58.9″N 140°30′40.7″W / 60.599694°N 140.511306°W / 60.599694; -140.511306 (Prospector Peak)
AINA Peak[14] 5,630 m (18,471 ft) 130 m (427 ft) 60°36′31.8″N 140°31′48.6″W / 60.608833°N 140.530167°W / 60.608833; -140.530167 (AINA Peak)
Russell Peak[15] 5,580 m (18,307 ft) 80 m (262 ft) 60°35′31.2″N 140°29′08.9″W / 60.592000°N 140.485806°W / 60.592000; -140.485806 (Russell Peak)
Tudor Peak (Logan North Peak)[16] 5,559 m (18,238 ft) 219 m (719 ft) 60°36′58.2″N 140°29′35.4″W / 60.616167°N 140.493167°W / 60.616167; -140.493167 (Tudor Peak)
Saxon Peak (Northeast)[17] 5,500 m (18,045 ft) 80 m (262 ft) 60°37′12.0″N 140°27′57.6″W / 60.620000°N 140.466000°W / 60.620000; -140.466000 (Saxon Peak)
Queen Peak[18] 5,380 m (17,651 ft) 160 m (525 ft) 60°36′33.5″N 140°35′12.5″W / 60.609306°N 140.586806°W / 60.609306; -140.586806 (Queen Peak)
Capet Peak (Northwest)[19] 5,250 m (17,224 ft) 240 m (787 ft) 60°38′15.0″N 140°32′41.3″W / 60.637500°N 140.544806°W / 60.637500; -140.544806 (Capet Peak)
Catenary Peak[20] 4,097 m (13,442 ft) 397 m (1,302 ft) 60°36′36.0″N 140°17′52.1″W / 60.610000°N 140.297806°W / 60.610000; -140.297806 (Catenary Peak)
Teddy Peak[21] 3,956 m (12,979 ft) 456 m (1,496 ft) 60°32′37.7″N 140°28′41.5″W / 60.543806°N 140.478194°W / 60.543806; -140.478194 (Teddy Peak)

Discovery and naming

Mount Logan is not readily visible from the surrounding lowlands or the coast, due to its position in the heart of the Saint Elias Mountains, although it can be seen from 125 miles (200 km) out to sea.[22] Its first reported sighting was in 1890 by Israel C. Russell, during an expedition to nearby Mount Saint Elias.[23][24] Russell gave the mountain its present name.

In 1894 Mount Logan's elevation was measured as 19,500 ft or about 5,950 m, making it the highest known peak in North America at the time.[25] In 1898 Denali was determined to be higher.[26]

Ascent attempts

First ascent

Mount Logan from the North East, as seen from Kluane Icefield

In 1922, a geologist approached the Alpine Club of Canada with the suggestion that the club send a team to the mountain to reach the summit for the first time. An international team of Canadian, British and American climbers was assembled and initially they had planned their attempt in 1924 but funding and preparation delays postponed the trip until 1925. The international team of climbers began their journey in early May, crossing the mainland from the Pacific coast by train. They then walked the remaining 200 kilometres (120 mi) to within 10 kilometres (6 mi) of the Logan Glacier where they established base camp. In the early evening of June 23, 1925, Albert H. MacCarthy (leader), H.F. Lambart, Allen Carpé, W.W. Foster, Norman H. Read and Andy Taylor stood on top for the first time.[7][27] It had taken them 65 days to approach the mountain from the nearest town, McCarthy, summit and return, with all climbers intact, although some of them suffered severe frostbite.[28]

Subsequent notable ascents and attempts

A climber on the knife ridge (east ridge)
  • 1957 East Ridge. Don Monk, Gil Roberts and three others (US) reached the East Peak on July 19.[29][30]
  • 1959 East Ridge, second ascent and first alpine-style ascent, Hans Gmoser and five others (Canada). They started from Kluane Lake, and hiked and skied 100 miles (160 km) to reach the base of the mountain. After six days of climbing they summited the East Peak on June 12.[31]
  • 1965 Hummingbird Ridge (South Ridge). Dick Long, Allen Steck, Jim Wilson, John Evans, Franklin Coale Sr. and Paul Bacon (US) over 30 days, mid-July to Mid-August. Fred Beckey remarked: "When they got back we just couldn't believe that they had climbed that thing. We didn't think they had a chance".[32] Featured in Fifty Classic Climbs of North America. As of 2021 the climb remained unrepeated.
  • 1967, August, the first ski descent of the mountain was made in two stages by Daniel C. Taylor main summit to the Kluane glacier [33]
  • 1977 Warbler Ridge. Dave Jones, Frank Baumann, Fred Thiessen, Jay Page (all from Canada) and Rene Bucher (Swiss) in 22 days.[34]
  • 1978 West Ridge. Steve Davis (WA), Jon Waterman, George Sievewright, Roger Hurt (NH). Climbed ridge in 27 days "capsule-style".[35]
  • 1979 "Northwest Ridge" Michael Down (CA), Paul Kindree, John Howe, Reid Carter and John Wittmayer climbed to the summit over 22 days, topping out on June 19.[36]
  • 1979 South-Southwest Ridge. Raymond Jotterand (CA), Alan Burgess, Jim Elzinga and John Lauchlan reached the summit after 15 days of climbing on June 30 and July 1.[37]
  • 1987 David Cheesmond and Catherine Freer disappeared when attempting to repeat the Hummingbird Ridge.[38]
  • 1992 June 6, an expedition sponsored by the Royal Canadian Geographic Society confirmed the height of Mount Logan using GPS. The leader was Michael Schmidt, with Lisel Currie, Leo Nadeay, Charlie Roots, J-C. Lavergne, Roger Laurilla, Pat Morrow, Karl Nagy, Sue Gould, Alan Björn, Lloyd Freese, Kevin McLaughlin and Rick Staley.[39]
  • 2005 late May. Three climbers from the Vancouver-based North Shore Rescue team became stranded on the mountain. A joint operation by Canadian and American forces rescued the three climbers and took them to Anchorage, Alaska for treatment of frostbite.[40]
  • 2017 May 23. 15-year-old Naomi Prohaska reached the summit, the youngest person to do so. She was part of a team led by her father.[41]
  • 2018 May 30, Canadian mountaineer Monique Richard, reached the main summit by the Kings Trench in a solo ascent, and the first woman to solo climb to the summit by this route.[42][43] A combination of factors (weather, equipment, physical, post-traumatic syndrome) prompted her to call for an evacuation from Prospector Col.[44]
Mount Logan 3D view

Proposed renaming

Following the death of former Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau in 2000, then Prime Minister Jean Chrétien, a close friend of Trudeau, proposed renaming the mountain Mount Trudeau.[45][46] However opposition from Yukoners, mountaineers, geologists, Trudeau's political critics, and many other Canadians forced the plan to be dropped.[47] A mountain in British Columbia's Premier Range was named Mount Pierre Elliott Trudeau instead.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut Ultra-Prominences". Peaklist.org. Retrieved March 25, 2015.
  2. ^ a b "Mount Logan". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  3. ^ "Mount Logan". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
  4. ^ a b "Mount Logan". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  5. ^ "Kluane National Park and Reserve of Canada". Parks Canada. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  6. ^ a b "Mount Logan". Geological Survey of Canada. Archived from the original on September 21, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  7. ^ a b c "Mount Logan: Canadian Titan". Virtual Museum of Canada. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
  8. ^ Roots, Charlie F.; Currie, Lisel D. (1993). "Geodetic and geological observations from the 1992 Mount Logan expedition, Yukon Territory". Paper 93-1A: Current Research, Part a Cordillera and Pacific Margin. Geological Survey of Canada: 22. doi:10.4095/134186.
  9. ^ "How scientists solved the mystery of Mount Logan's true height". Canadian Geographic. May 4, 2017 [1992]. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  10. ^ "Philippe Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  11. ^ "Logan East Peak (Stuart Peak)". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  12. ^ "Houston's Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  13. ^ "Prospector Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  14. ^ "AINA Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  15. ^ "Russell Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  16. ^ "Tudor Peak (Logan North Peak)". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  17. ^ "Saxon Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  18. ^ "Queen Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  19. ^ "Capet Peak (Northwest Peak)". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  20. ^ "Catenary Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  21. ^ "Teddy Peak". Bivouac.com. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
  22. ^ Lambart, H.F. (1926). "The Conquest of Mount Logan". Geographical Journal. LXVIII: 1–23.
  23. ^ Holdsworth, Gerald. "Mount Logan". The Canadian Encyclopedia.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ^ Russell, Israel C. (1891). "An Expedition to Mt. Saint Elias, Alaska". National Geographic Magazine. III: 141.
  25. ^ "Washington Letter". Bulletin of the American Geographical Society of New York. 26: 102–103. 1894.
  26. ^ Stuck, Hudson (1918). The Ascent of Denali (Mount McKinley). Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 159.
  27. ^ "Conquering Mount Logan". Parks Canada. Archived from the original on December 12, 2017. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  28. ^ Sherman pp. 1–38
  29. ^ Selters pp. 170–171
  30. ^ Collins, D.; Roberts, G. (1958). "Mount Logan – East Peak". American Alpine Journal.
  31. ^ Gmoser, Hans (1960). "Canadian Mount Logan Expedition". American Alpine Journal.
  32. ^ Selters pp. 179-182
  33. ^ Arctic Institute of North America Newsletter, November 1967
  34. ^ Scott pp. 319–320
  35. ^ Hirt, Roger (1979). "Mount Logan's West Ridge". American Alpine Journal. American Alpine Club. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  36. ^ Down, Michael (1980). "Climbs and Expeditions". American Alpine Journal. 22 (53). New York, NY, USA: American Alpine Club: 559. ISSN 0065-6925.
  37. ^ Jotterand, Raymond (1980). "Climbs and Expeditions". American Alpine Journal. 22 (53). New York, NY, USA: American Alpine Club: 557–559. ISSN 0065-6925.
  38. ^ Lowe, George H. (1988). "David Cheesmond, 1952-1987". American Alpine Journal.
  39. ^ Sept/Oct. Canadian Geographic. 1992.
  40. ^ "ACC Accident report for May 2005". Alpine Club of Canada - Edmonton section. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  41. ^ "B.C. teen becomes youngest climber to reach Canada's highest peak". June 4, 2017. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
  42. ^ "Monique Richard is First Woman to Solo Mount Logan". Gripped Magazine. June 1, 2018. Retrieved August 4, 2019.
  43. ^ Banerjee, Sidhartha (May 31, 2018). "Quebec woman reaches summit of Mount Logan in solo trek". CBC.ca. Retrieved August 4, 2019.
  44. ^ "Monique Richard Rescued After Record-Breaking Mount Logan Solo". Rock and Ice. Retrieved August 4, 2019.
  45. ^ "Mount Logan to become Mount Trudeau". CBC News. October 5, 2000. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  46. ^ "Highest peak to be Trudeau Mountain". Globe and Mail. October 5, 2000. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2007.
  47. ^ "Government backtracks on renaming Mount Logan". Globe and Mail. October 17, 2000. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  48. ^ "Former PM honoured". The Robson Valley Times. June 15, 2006. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.

Bibliography

External links

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