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1805-1807 meeting of U.S. legislature
The 9th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1805, to March 4, 1807, during the fifth and sixth years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition scouted the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest.
- March 29, 1806: Cumberland Road, ch. 19, 2 Stat. 357
- February 24, 1807: Seventh Circuit Act of 1807, ch. 16, (2 Stat. 420)
- March 2, 1807: Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, ch. 22, 2 Stat. 426
- March 3, 1807: Insurrection Act, ch. 39, 2 Stat. 443
Territories organized
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Senate President George Clinton
Senate President pro tempore
Samuel Smith (DR)
House Speaker
Nathaniel Macon (DR)
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
House of Representatives
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House of Representatives
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This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
- Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.
- ▌1. James Hillhouse (F)
- ▌3. Uriah Tracy (F)
- ▌1. Samuel White (F)
- ▌2. James A. Bayard (F)
- ▌2. Abraham Baldwin (DR)
- ▌3. James Jackson (DR), until March 19, 1806
- ▌John Milledge (DR), from June 19, 1806
- ▌2. Buckner Thruston (DR)
- ▌3. John Breckinridge (DR), until August 7, 1805
- ▌John Adair (DR), November 8, 1805 – November 18, 1806
- ▌Henry Clay (DR), from November 19, 1806
- ▌1. Samuel Smith (DR)
- ▌3. Robert Wright (DR), until November 12, 1806
- ▌Philip Reed (DR), from November 25, 1806
- ▌1. John Quincy Adams (F)
- ▌2. Timothy Pickering (F)
- ▌2. Nicholas Gilman (DR)
- ▌3. William Plumer (F)
- ▌1. John Condit (DR)
- ▌2. Aaron Kitchell (DR)
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- ▌1. Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)
- ▌3. John Smith (DR)
- ▌2. James Turner (DR), from December 22, 1805
- ▌3. David Stone (DR), until February 17, 1807
- ▌1. John Smith (DR)
- ▌3. Thomas Worthington (DR)
- ▌1. Samuel Maclay (DR)
- ▌3. George Logan (DR)
- ▌1. Benjamin Howland (DR)
- ▌2. James Fenner (DR)
- ▌2. Thomas Sumter (DR)
- ▌3. John Gaillard (DR)
- ▌1. Joseph Anderson (DR)
- ▌2. Daniel Smith (DR)
- ▌1. Israel Smith (DR)
- ▌3. Stephen R. Bradley (DR)
- ▌1. Andrew Moore (DR)
- ▌2. William B. Giles (DR)
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Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 9th Congress in March 1805. 2 Democratic-Republicans 1 Democratic-Republican and 1 Federalist 2 Federalists
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House of Representatives
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The names of members of the House of Representatives are listed by their district numbers
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- ▌At-large. Samuel W. Dana (F)
- ▌At-large. John Davenport (F)
- ▌At-large. Jonathan O. Moseley (F)
- ▌At-large. Timothy Pitkin (F), seated September 16, 1805
- ▌At-large. John Cotton Smith (F), until August 1806
- ▌Theodore Dwight (F), seated December 1, 1806
- ▌At-large. Lewis B. Sturges (F), seated September 16, 1805
- ▌At-large. Benjamin Tallmadge (F)
- ▌At-large. James M. Broom (F)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- ▌At-large. Joseph Bryan (DR), until 1806
- ▌Dennis Smelt (DR), from September 1, 1806
- ▌At-large. Peter Early (DR)
- ▌At-large. David Meriwether (DR)
- ▌At-large. Cowles Mead (DR), until December 24, 1805
- ▌Thomas Spalding (DR), December 24, 1805 – 1806
- ▌William W. Bibb (DR), from January 26, 1807
- ▌1. Matthew Lyon (DR)
- ▌2. John Boyle (DR)
- ▌3. Matthew Walton (DR)
- ▌4. Thomas Sandford (DR)
- ▌5. John Fowler (DR)
- ▌6. George M. Bedinger (DR)
The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.
- ▌1. John Campbell (F)
- ▌2. Leonard Covington (DR)
- ▌3. Patrick Magruder (DR)
- ▌4. Roger Nelson (DR)
- ▌5. William McCreery (DR)
- ▌5. Nicholas R. Moore (DR)
- ▌6. John Archer (DR)
- ▌7. Joseph H. Nicholson (DR), until March 1, 1806
- ▌Edward Lloyd (DR), from December 3, 1806
- ▌8. Charles Goldsborough (F)
- ▌1. Josiah Quincy (F)
- ▌2. Jacob Crowninshield (DR)
- ▌3. Jeremiah Nelson (F)
- ▌4. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
- ▌5. William Ely (F)
- ▌6. Samuel Taggart (F)
- ▌7. Joseph Barker (DR)
- ▌8. Isaiah L. Green (DR)
- ▌9. Phanuel Bishop (DR)
- ▌10. Seth Hastings (F)
- ▌11. William Stedman (F)
- ▌12. Barnabas Bidwell (DR)
- ▌13. Ebenezer Seaver (DR)
- ▌14. Richard Cutts (DR)
- ▌15. Peleg Wadsworth (F)
- ▌16. Orchard Cook (DR)
- ▌17. John Chandler (DR)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- ▌At-large. Silas Betton (F)
- ▌At-large. Caleb Ellis (F)
- ▌At-large. David Hough (F)
- ▌At-large. Samuel Tenney (F)
- ▌At-large. Thomas W. Thompson (F)
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- ▌At-large. Ezra Darby (DR)
- ▌At-large. Ebenezer Elmer (DR)
- ▌At-large. William Helms (DR)
- ▌At-large. John Lambert (DR)
- ▌At-large. James Sloan (DR)
- ▌At-large. Henry Southard (DR)
- ▌1. Eliphalet Wickes (DR)
- 2. and 3. Joint district with two seats.
- ▌Gurdon S. Mumford (DR)
- ▌George Clinton Jr. (DR)
- ▌4. Philip Van Cortlandt (DR)
- ▌5. John Blake Jr. (DR)
- ▌6. Daniel C. Verplanck (DR)
- ▌7. Martin G. Schuneman (DR)
- ▌8. Henry W. Livingston (F)
- ▌9. Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F)
- ▌10. Josiah Masters (DR)
- ▌11. Peter Sailly (DR)
- ▌12. David Thomas (DR)
- ▌13. Thomas Sammons (DR)
- ▌14. John Russell (DR)
- ▌15. Nathan Williams (DR)
- ▌16. Uri Tracy (DR)
- ▌17. Silas Halsey (DR)
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- ▌1. Thomas Wynns (DR)
- ▌2. Willis Alston (DR)
- ▌3. Thomas Blount (DR)
- ▌4. William Blackledge (DR)
- ▌5. Thomas Kenan (DR)
- ▌6. Nathaniel Macon (DR)
- ▌7. Duncan McFarlan (DR)
- ▌8. Richard Stanford (DR)
- ▌9. Marmaduke Williams (DR)
- ▌10. Nathaniel Alexander (DR), until November 1805
- ▌Evan S. Alexander (DR), from February 24, 1806
- ▌11. James Holland (DR)
- ▌12. Joseph Winston (DR)
- ▌At-large. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)
There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives.
- ▌1. Joseph Clay (DR)
- ▌1. Michael Leib (DR), until February 14, 1806
- ▌John Porter (DR), from December 8, 1806
- ▌1. Jacob Richards (DR)
- ▌2. Robert Brown (DR)
- ▌2. Frederick Conrad (DR)
- ▌2. John Pugh (DR)
- ▌3. Isaac Anderson (DR)
- ▌3. Christian Lower (DR), until December 19, 1806, vacant thereafter
- ▌3. John Whitehill (DR)
- ▌4. David Bard (DR)
- ▌4. John A. Hanna (DR), until July 23, 1805
- ▌Robert Whitehill (DR), from November 7, 1805
- ▌5. Andrew Gregg (DR)
- ▌6. James Kelly (F)
- ▌7. John Rea (DR)
- ▌8. William Findley (DR)
- ▌9. John Smilie (DR)
- ▌10. John Hamilton (DR)
- ▌11. Samuel Smith (DR), seated November 7, 1805
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
- ▌At-large. Nehemiah Knight (DR)
- ▌At-large. Joseph Stanton Jr. (DR)
- ▌1. Robert Marion (DR)
- ▌2. William Butler Sr. (DR)
- ▌3. David R. Williams (DR)
- ▌4. O'Brien Smith (DR)
- ▌5. Richard Winn (DR)
- ▌6. Levi Casey (DR), until February 3, 1807, vacant thereafter
- ▌7. Thomas Moore (DR)
- ▌8. Elias Earle (DR)
- ▌1. John Rhea (DR)
- ▌2. George W. Campbell (DR)
- ▌3. William Dickson (DR)
- ▌1. Gideon Olin (DR)
- ▌2. James Elliott (F)
- ▌3. James Fisk (DR)
- ▌4. Martin Chittenden (F)
- ▌1. John G. Jackson (DR)
- ▌2. John Morrow (DR)
- ▌3. John Smith (DR)
- ▌4. David Holmes (DR)
- ▌5. Alexander Wilson (DR)
- ▌6. Abram Trigg (DR)
- ▌7. Joseph Lewis Jr. (F)
- ▌8. Walter Jones (DR)
- ▌9. Philip R. Thompson (DR)
- ▌10. John Dawson (DR)
- ▌11. James M. Garnett (DR)
- ▌12. Burwell Bassett (DR)
- ▌13. Christopher Clark (DR), until July 1, 1806
- ▌William A. Burwell (DR), from December 1, 1806
- ▌14. Matthew Clay (DR)
- ▌15. John Randolph (DR)
- ▌16. John W. Eppes (DR)
- ▌17. John Claiborne (DR)
- ▌18. Peterson Goodwyn (DR)
- ▌19. Edwin Gray (DR)
- ▌20. Thomas Newton Jr. (DR)
- ▌21. Thomas M. Randolph (DR)
- ▌22. John Clopton (DR)
- Indiana Territory. Benjamin Parke, seated December 12, 1805
- Mississippi Territory. William Lattimore
- Orleans Territory. Daniel Clark, seated December 1, 1806
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Changes in membership
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The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.
Senate changes
State (class)
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Vacated by
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Reason for change
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Successor
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Date of successor's formal installation[a]
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North Carolina (2)
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Vacant
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Montfort Stokes (DR) was elected in 1804 but declined the position. Successor elected December 22, 1805.
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James Turner (DR)
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Seated December 22, 1805
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Kentucky (3)
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John Breckinridge (DR)
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Resigned August 7, 1805, after being appointed United States Attorney General. Successor elected November 8, 1805, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807.
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John Adair (DR)
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Seated November 8, 1805
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Georgia (3)
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James Jackson (DR)
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Died March 19, 1806. Winner elected June 19, 1806, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807.
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John Milledge (DR)
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Seated June 19, 1806
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Maryland (3)
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Robert Wright (DR)
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Resigned November 12, 1806, after being elected Governor of Maryland. Successor elected November 25, 1806, to finish the term ending March 4, 1807 (as well as to the next term).
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Philip Reed (DR)
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Seated November 25, 1806
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Kentucky (3)
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John Adair (DR)
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Resigned November 18, 1806, after losing the election to the next term. Successor elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional age minimum.
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Henry Clay (DR)
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Seated November 19, 1806
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North Carolina (3)
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David Stone (DR)
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Resigned February 17, 1807. Vacant for remainder of Congress.
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Vacant
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House of Representatives
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House changes
District
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Vacated by
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Reason for change
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Successor
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Date of successor's formal installation[a]
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Connecticut at-large
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Vacant
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Calvin Goddard (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress
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Timothy Pitkin (F)
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Seated September 16, 1805
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Connecticut at-large
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Vacant
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Roger Griswold (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress
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Lewis B. Sturges (F)
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Seated September 16, 1805
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Pennsylvania 11th
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Vacant
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John B. C. Lucas (DR) resigned before the beginning of this Congress
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Samuel Smith (DR)
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Seated November 7, 1805
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Pennsylvania 4th
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John A. Hanna (DR)
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Died July 23, 1805
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Robert Whitehill (DR)
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Seated November 7, 1805
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North Carolina 10th
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Nathaniel Alexander (DR)
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Resigned November, 1805 after being elected Governor of North Carolina
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Evan S. Alexander (DR)
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Seated February 24, 1806
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Indiana Territory
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Vacant
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Territory elected delegate to Congress for first time
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Benjamin Parke
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Elected December 12, 1805
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Georgia at-large
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Cowles Mead (DR)
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Lost contested election December 24, 1805
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Thomas Spalding (DR)
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Seated December 24, 1805
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Georgia at-large
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Joseph Bryan (DR)
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Resigned sometime in 1806
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Dennis Smelt (DR)
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September 1, 1806
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Georgia at-large
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Thomas Spalding (DR)
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Resigned sometime in 1806
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William W. Bibb (DR)
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Seated January 26, 1807
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Pennsylvania 1st
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Michael Leib (DR)
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Resigned February 14, 1806
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John Porter (DR)
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Seated December 8, 1806
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Maryland 7th
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Joseph H. Nicholson (DR)
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Resigned March 1, 1806
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Edward Lloyd (DR)
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Seated December 3, 1806
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Virginia 13th
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Christopher H. Clark (DR)
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Resigned July 1, 1806
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William A. Burwell (DR)
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December 1, 1806
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Connecticut at-large
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John Cotton Smith (F)
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Resigned sometime in August, 1806
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Theodore Dwight (F)
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December 1, 1806
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Territory of Orleans
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Vacant
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Territory elected delegate to Congress for first time
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Daniel Clark
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Elected December 1, 1806
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Pennsylvania 3rd
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Christian Lower (DR)
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Resigned December 19, 1806
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Vacant
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Not filled for remainder of term
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South Carolina 6th
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Levi Casey (DR)
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Died February 3, 1807
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Vacant
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Not filled for remainder of term
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Lists of committees and their party leaders.
House of Representatives
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House of Representatives
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- ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.