2022 European heatwaves: Difference between revisions
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* [[2006 European heat wave]] |
* [[2006 European heat wave]] |
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* [[2018 European heat wave]] |
* [[2018 European heat wave]] |
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* [[2019 European heat waves]] |
* [[2019 European heat waves]] |
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* [[2021 Western North America heat wave]] |
* [[2021 Western North America heat wave]] |
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* [[2022 European wildfires]] |
* [[2022 European wildfires]] |
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* [[2022 United Kingdom heat wave]] |
* [[2022 United Kingdom heat wave]] |
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{{Portal|Weather}} |
{{Portal|Weather}} |
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Revision as of 14:43, 18 July 2022
| Type | Heat wave |
|---|---|
| Areas | Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom) |
| Start date | 12 June 2022 |
| End date | Ongoing |
| Losses | |
| Deaths | 3495
|
In June and July 2022, a persistent heat wave affected parts of Central, Southern, and Western Europe. The affected countries include: Croatia,[1] France,[2] Germany,[3] Greece,[1] Ireland,[4] Italy,[5] Morocco,[6] Poland,[7] Portugal,[8] Spain,[9] Switzerland,[10] and the United Kingdom.[11]
Meteorology
The heat wave was due to an interaction between the high pressures that generate atmospheric stability and Storm Alex, the strong sunshine of the boreal summer, and an air mass coming from North Africa, which entered the Iberian Peninsula loaded with suspended dust (that caused haze in the center and south of the peninsula).[12][13][14]
June
France
On 16 June, Météo-France activated the red alert in 12 departments and the orange alert in another 25 due to a heat wave. The departments on red alert are mainly those located in the southwest, along the Atlantic coast, and the south, while the severity is generally less the further north and east. This is the earliest heat wave since records began, and the fourth time a red heat alert has been issued since the protocol was activated after the 2003 heat wave.[15]
On 17 June, the red alert was activated in 14 departments, adding the Hautes-Pyrénées and the Pyrenees-Atlantiques to the twelve of the previous day. Likewise, the orange alert was activated in 56 departments.[16]
Germany
From 14 to 20 June Germany saw 1636 excess deaths which are contributed to temperatures reaching 39.2 °C (102.6 °F) that week.[17][better source needed][18] The following week saw a spike of excess deaths by 14%.
Poland
On 19 June, temperatures in western Poland exceeded 36 °C (97 °F). In Słubice, the maximum temperature reached 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). This equals the record for the highest June temperature (a record set in 2019).[19] Once again, temperatures peaked towards the end of the month. On 30 June, 9 meteorological stations recorded record-breaking highest monthly temperatures. The setting of new monthly records was also recorded on 1 July. In Tarnów, the temperature reached 37.7 °C (99.9 °F), breaking the record for the highest temperature in July. Krosno recorded 35.5 °C (95.9 °F) which is the highest temperature for that station overall.[20]
On 22 June, a 1-year-old boy mistakenly left in a car died in Szczecin.[21] On 24 June, a man died in the queue of cars to the Polish-Ukrainian border. His death was caused by suspected overheating.[22] On 26 June in Płońsk, a man died from suspected sunstroke.[23]
Spain
The special warning due to high temperatures was activated by the AEMET on 10 June, but only for 12 provinces and with yellow alerts in Aragon, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura and Madrid, and orange in Andalusia.[12] In this first stage, the unusual heat did not affect the Canary Islands, Galicia, the western Cantabrian coast and points of the peninsular Mediterranean coast.[24] Initially, the AEMET predicted that the heat wave would last until Wednesday, 15 June, without ruling out that it could continue the rest of the week.[12]
On 11 June, high temperatures were already recorded in the southwest of the peninsula, with 41 °C (106 °F) in Seville. The alerts also remained activated for Aragon, Castile and León, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia and Madrid at a yellow level, and at an orange level for Extremadura and Andalusia.[25] However, the weather conditions did not meet the official criteria to start the heat wave.[26]
On June 12, thermometers registered 43.2 °C (109.8 °F) in Almadén (Ciudad Real), the highest value on the official start day of the heat wave. Temperatures above 40 °C (104 °F) were also recorded at 47 stations in the AEMET network. Likewise, the agency issued special notice number 3/2022 with information about the phenomenon, its forecast and notified the beginning of the national plan of preventive actions for the effects of excess temperatures on health with a level assignment map.[24]
On 14 June, the heat wave spread to the south of Galicia and the interior of the Cantabrian Sea. Tropical nights also continued, with thermometers that did not drop below 20 °C (68 °F) in many provinces, highlighting Jaén, where a minimum of 27 °C (81 °F) was expected. On the other hand, it was predicted that the peak of the heat wave would be reached on Friday, 17 June, the date on which some temperature records could be broken in cities such as Zaragoza, Lleida and Córdoba.[27]
The only points in Spain that have not been affected so far from the heat wave are Asturias, the Canary Islands, and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.[28] In its daily statement, AEMET predicted the end of the weather episode for Saturday, due to the dana in the Atlantic, which injects hot African air, approaches the peninsula causing instability and a drop in temperatures.[29]
Rubén del Campo, spokesman for AEMET, stated that it was the "most intense heat wave for mid-June of, at least, the last 20 years".[28]
15 June was the first day of application of the "Iberian exception" by which the regulated price of electricity is calculated with the cap on gas for its generation. The PVPC is the voluntary price for the small consumer, for which more will be paid in the electricity bill for compensation to thermal power plants and the greater use of gas and coal in the midst of a heat wave. When this unusual heat wave subsides, it will be seen if the bills referenced to the PVPC go down, when not all the air conditioners are on at the same time.[30]
18 June was the last day of the extraordinary heat wave that Spain suffered between 11–12 and 18 June, being "intense, extensive and extraordinary", according to the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), which highlights that, in addition, this episode of heat in the spring has been one of the earliest in the country since records began.[31]
Between 11 and 20 June, 829 people died due to the heat.[32]
Switzerland
On 15 June, a heat wave alert was activated in the canton of Ticino.[33] The following day, 16 June, the cantons of Geneva and Vaud issued alerts.[34]
On the 16 June, the Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss) reported that temperatures of 31–33 °C (88–91 °F) had been measured in the southern Alps, central Valais and the Lake Geneva region, but had only exceeded the threshold to be considered a heat wave (average temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) throughout the day) at the local level.[10]
On 17 June, MeteoSwiss activated orange and yellow alerts for heat waves in most of the country. Maximum temperatures of 32–37 °C (90–99 °F) were expected between 17 June and 21 June in low-lying areas of Valais and Romande Switzerland, and between 18 June and 21 June in the Basel region.[10]
United Kingdom
On 14 June, in view of the Met Office's forecast of high temperatures, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) issued Level 2 alerts in several regions for the period between midnight on 16 June and midnight on 18 June. The affected regions were London, the East Midlands, the East, South East and South West England.[35]
On 15 June, the UKHSA issued Level 3 alerts for London, East and South East England, maintaining Level 2 alerts for the East Midlands and South West England.[35] According to Met Office forecasts, the heat peak would arrive on Friday, reaching the necessary threshold for heat wave consideration, before temperatures dropped significantly on 18 June.[11]
On 17 June, London reached 32.7 °C (90.9 °F) on the hottest day of the June heat wave in the country.[11]
A heat wave affecting mostly Western Europe began in mid-July 2022, setting all-time high temperatures across the region. The soaring temperatures caused a string of wildfires to break out across Europe, and the high temperatures caused hundreds of deaths across Spain and Portugal.[36] The United Kingdom issued its first ever "red" level temperature warning, and several towns were evacuated in Portugal and France.[36][37]
Climatologists linked the extreme heat to the impact of climate change, and experts predict that changes in the jet stream as a result of climate change will cause heat waves with increasing frequency in Europe.[38][39]
July
France
In July, an estimated total of more than 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) were burnt by wildfires in Gironde, causing a total of over 12,000 people to be evacuated.[40]
Ireland
On 13 July, Met Éireann issued a high temperature advisory for Ireland, with temperatures forecast to reach the high twenties and possibly exceeding 30 °C (86 °F) from Sunday 17 to Tuesday 19 July.[41]
On 15 July, Met Éireann issued a Status Yellow high temperature warning for Ireland, with "exceptionally" high temperatures possibly up to 32 °C (90 °F) forecast.[42]
Portugal
In July, over 3,000 hectares (7,400 acres) were burnt by wildfires in Leiria, blocking a part of the A1 which runs from Porto to Lisbon. In Algarve, a fire broke out in the city of Faro, which spread to the Quinta do Lago resort. According to the Civil Protection Authority, at least 135 people have been injuried since wildfires began, and about 800 people have been evacuated from their homes.[43] A pilot died when his waterbombing plane crashed in Vila Nova de Foz Côa while combating wildfires in the region.[40] At least 238 people died due to heat,[44] and later the number of injuries rose to 187.[45] By July 17, the Portuguese Directorate-General of Health reported some 659 excess deaths related to the heat wave.[46]
Spain
In July, Extremadura experienced wildfires which spread to Salamanca in Castile and León and burnt more than 4,000 hectares (9,900 acres).[43]
On 14 July, the Carlos III Health Institute said that at least 43 people had died on 10 and 11 July from the heat.[1]
On 16 July, it was reported that at least 360 people died between 10 July and 15 July due to heat.[47]
On 17 July a wildfire was declared in el Pont de Vilomara, in central Catalonia.[48]
Netherlands
On 18 July, the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute issued a code orange heat warning for the central and southern provinces of the Netherlands, with forecasted temperatures of 36 °C (97 °F) in central provinces and 38–39 °C (100–102 °F) in the south on Tuesday, 19 July.[49] Extreme heat is rare in the Netherlands: there have been only 9 days with temperatures above 35 °C (95 °F) since the start of measurement at the central weather station in 1901 (as of 18 July 2022).[50] The frequency of hot days has increased in recent years due to global warming[51]. In 2019, The Netherlands experienced temperatures surpassing 40 °C (104 °F) for the first time in recorded history.
Norway
The Norwegian Meteorological Institute reported that several areas may reach temperatures higher than 30 °C (86 °F).[52][53] In Stavanger, temperatures are forecasted to reach 32 °C (90 °F).[54] However, the Meteorological Insitute does not belive any national records will be broken.[52][53][54]
United Kingdom
On 8 July, the Met Office issued a heat-health alert in parts of England and Wales.[55] On 15 July, the UKHSA increased the Heatwave Alert Level to 4, which means "illness and death occurring among the fit and healthy - and not just in high-risk groups", triggering a national emergency.[56] The Met Office issued its first ever red extreme heat warning after there were forecasts of over 40 °C (104 °F) in some parts of England, and a national emergency was declared.[57] The warning is in place for 18 to 19 July, with most of England being affected.[58]
The amber extreme heat warning was extended to cover Cornwall, west Wales and parts of southern Scotland. Met Office Chief Meteorologist Paul Gundersen stated that there was a 50% chance there will be temperatures over 40 °C and an 80% chance of a new record temperature.[59] A number of schools announced they would either close or allow pupils to wear PE kit in place of their school uniform on the hottest days.[60] Transport for London urged people to make only essential journeys on 18 and 19 July.[61]
The GMB union called for improved work conditions during heatwaves, especially for manual workers. The union said workers should not work in temperatures higher than 25 °C (77 °F), should be allowed to wear more casual clothing, have more breaks and work from home when their job allows them to do so.[62]
See also
- 2003 European heat wave
- 2006 European heat wave
- 2018 European heat wave
- 2019 European heat waves
- 2019 Siberia wildfires
- 2021 Western North America heat wave
- 2022 European wildfires
- 2022 United Kingdom heat wave
- Heat waves of 2022
- List of weather records
References
- ^ a b c Kirby, Paul (15 July 2022). "Europe heatwave: Thousands escape wildfires in France, Spain and Greece". BBC News. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ "Une vague de chaleur exceptionnelle par sa précocité et son intensité". Météo-France (in French). 17 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Spain, Germany Battle Wildfires Amid Unusual Heat Wave". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ Bowers, Shauna (13 July 2022). "'Sweltering heat': Met Éireann warns temperatures may 'exceed 30 degrees'". The Irish Times. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ "Italy: Heatwave forecast to persist over much of the country through at least June 27 /update 1". CRISIS24. 24 June 2022. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
- ^ "Europe heatwave: Deadly wildfires spread in Mediterranean". BBC News. 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Blast hot air. Second degree heat warning for half of Poland". 21 June 2022.
- ^ "O mapa do calor marca Portugal, Espanha e França a vermelho". Público (in Portuguese). 15 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Aviso especial número 4/2022" (PDF). AEMET (in Spanish). 13 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b c "Canicule à basse altitude pour une bonne partie de la Suisse". MétéoSuisse (in French). 17 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b c "Heatwave alert as parts of UK experience hottest day of 2022 so far". The Guardian. 17 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
- ^ a b c "La AEMET activa el aviso especial por la primera ola de calor del año". RTVE (in Spanish). 10 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "¿Hasta cuándo va a durar esta ola de calor?". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 13 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "Ya está aquí la primera gran ola de calor: alerta en España por temperaturas de 44ºC en estas zonas". El Español (in Spanish). 11 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
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- ^ "Canicule : 14 départements en vigilance rouge et 56 en orange". Le Point (in French). 17 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Sterbefallzahlen im Juni 2022 um 8 % über dem mittleren Wert der Vorjahre". Statistisches Bundesamt (in German). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Die Station Cottbus hat einen neuen Altzeitrekord gestellt". Twitter (in German). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Pogoda. Rekord temperatury wyrównany 19 czerwca w Słubicach | Wiadomości Radio ZET".
- ^ "Najpierw w czerwcu, a teraz w lipcu takiego żaru jeszcze nie było. Nawet 38 stopni. Gdzie było najgoręcej?".
- ^ "1,5-roczny Szymon zmarł zamknięty w samochodzie. Ruszyło śledztwo".
- ^ "Dramat na granicy z Ukrainą. Z powodu upału zmarł mężczyzna. Brakuje wody, a w autach jest jak w piekarniku".
- ^ "Udar słoneczny zabił 36-latka? Jeździł na hulajnodze i zaczął wymiotować".
- ^ a b Benayas, Victoria Torres (12 June 2022). "El primer día de la ola de calor dispara los termómetros a 43 grados". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "A la espera de la ola de calor el termómetro ya agobia al suroeste peninsular". www.efe.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "¿Cuándo terminará la ola de calor? Una dana vendrá a echarnos una mano". Tiempo.com | Meteored (in European Spanish). 13 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "El calor extremo no da tregua en España: en qué provincias se pasará de 40 grados este martes 14 de junio". 20minutos (in Spanish). 14 June 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
- ^ a b Benayas, Victoria Torres (14 June 2022). "La peor ola de calor en junio en 20 años alcanza su pico entre hoy y mañana y durará al menos hasta el sabado". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 June 2022.
- ^ "La ola de calor sigue al menos hasta el sábado con temperaturas de entre 7 y 12ºC más altas de lo normal" (in Spanish). Europa Press. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
- ^ Fariza, Ignacio (14 June 2022). "El precio mayorista de la luz baja menos de lo previsto por el Gobierno en el primer día de aplicación de la 'excepción ibérica'". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ "La ola de calor de junio en España ha sido "intensa, extensa y extraordinaria", según AEMET". Europa Press (in Spanish). 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ IANS (16 July 2022). "84 dead in 1st three days of Spain's heatwave; death toll likely to rise". Business Standard India. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Da domani caldo torrido: scatta l'allerta canicola". La Regione. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Genève et Vaud déclenchent l'alerte canicule". Le Temps. 16 June 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ a b "Heat-health alert issued by the UK Health Security Agency". www.gov.uk. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
- ^ a b Kirby, Paul (15 July 2022). "Europe heatwave: Thousands escape wildfires in France, Spain and Greece". BBC News. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ Adams, Doug Faulkner & Charley (16 July 2022). "Heatwave: National emergency declared after UK's first red extreme heat warning". BBC News. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ Carrington, Damian (11 July 2022). "Why is it so hot in the UK and elsewhere in Europe and what are the dangers?". the Guardian. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ School, Columbia Climate (5 July 2022). "More Frequent European Heat Waves Linked to Changes in Jet Stream". State of the Planet. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ a b "Europe heatwave: Deadly wildfires spread in Mediterranean". BBC. 16 July 2022.
- ^ "High temperature advisory issued for Ireland". RTÉ News and Current Affairs. 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
- ^ "Met Éireann issues heat warning as 32C 'possible'". RTÉ News and Current Affairs. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ a b Demony, Catarina; Pereira, Miguel (13 July 2022). "Scorching heat wave sparks wildfires in Europe". Reuters. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ Donn, Natasha (15 July 2022). "Heatwave provokes 238 excess deaths in seven days". Portugal Resident. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Europe heatwave: Thousands escape wildfires in France, Spain and Greece". BBC News. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ More than 1,000 deaths linked to heatwave in Portugal, Spain, BNO News (published 17 June 2022), 17 July 2022
- ^ "La ola de calor deja en España 360 muertos, 123 de ellos en la jornada del viernes". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ 324cat (17 July 2022). "Un virulent foc crema 95 hectàrees al Pont de Vilomara i avança cap a zones habitades". CCMA (in Catalan). Retrieved 17 July 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Code Orange heat warning issued for Tuesday; Could cause more power outages". NL Times. 18 July 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "Temperaturen tot wel 38 graden, maar hoe uitzonderlijk is de verwachte hitte?". NU (in Dutch). 18 July 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "KNMI - Klimaat van Nederland". www.knmi.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ a b Kvalvik Henriksen, Tobias (18 July 2022). "Nå får «alle» en smak av sommeren: – Kan bli opp mot 30 grader" [Now, everyone gets a taste of the summer: "Could be temperatures higher than 30 degrees"]. NRK (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ a b Røyne, Henrik; Schwenke, Ylva (18 July 2022). "Temperaturer over 30 grader i Sør-Norge" [Temperatures above 30 degrees in South Norway]. Verdens Gang (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ a b Carr Ekroll, Henning (18 July 2022). "Varsler opp mot 32 grader i Sør-Norge onsdag" [Warnings of higher than 32 degrees in South Norway on Wednesday]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian Bokmål). Archived from the original on 18 July 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "NHS England » Heat-health watch alert: level 3 – heatwave action". www.england.nhs.uk. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- ^ "What is a national heatwave emergency and what could it mean for the UK this week?". Sky News. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Heatwave: National emergency declared after UK's first red extreme heat warning". 15 July 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2022 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "UK Red warning Extreme heat". Met Office. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ "The first Red Extreme heat warning issued". Met Office. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ^ "Heatwave: Schools to close or let children wear PE kit to keep cool". BBC News. 15 July 2022.
- ^ Chapman, Ben (16 July 2022). "Londoners urged not to travel on Monday and Tuesday due to extreme heat". www.gbnews.uk. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
- ^ "Union calls for heat limit law in workplaces". BBC News. 17 July 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2022.