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{{Short description|Specific size of autocannon ammunition}}
[[File:US Navy 090129-N-4774B-008 Gunner's Mate 2nd Class Nicholas Brassard inspects rounds for the MK-38 25mm machine gun system.jpg|thumb|300px|25×137mm M793 Target Practice with Tracer (TP-T) rounds for the MK-38 being inspected.]]
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{{No footnotes|date=May 2021}}
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[[File:US Navy 090129-N-4774B-008 Gunner's Mate 2nd Class Nicholas Brassard inspects rounds for the MK-38 25mm machine gun system.jpg|thumb|300px|25×137mm M793 target practice with tracer (TP-T) rounds for the MK-38 being inspected]]


The '''25 mm caliber''' is a specific size of [[cannon]] or [[autocannon]] [[ammunition]]. It has also been recently used for the [[anti-materiel rifle|anti-material rifle]]. Such ammunition includes the [[NATO]]-standard 25×137mm and 25×184mm rounds, Soviet 25x218mmSR, as well as the [[World War II]]-era French-designed 25×163mm and 25×193.5mmR rounds.
'''25 mm caliber''' is a range of [[autocannon]] ammunition. It includes the [[NATO]] [[NATO cartridge|standardized]] Swiss 25×137mm, the Swiss 25×184mm, the Soviet 25x218mmSR, and the Chinese 25×183mmB.


==Usage==
==Usage==
The 25 mm round can be used in both an anti-materiel and [[Anti-personnel weapon|anti-personnel]] fashion. When operating in the anti-personnel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with [[High explosive|HE]] rounds can effectively kill large numbers of opposing troops either in the open or in light fortifications. When operating in the anti-materiel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with [[Armor-piercing shot and shell|armor-piercing]] rounds can disable many [[aircraft]] and vehicles, including some [[main battle tank]]s.
The 25 mm round can be used for anti-materiel or [[Anti-personnel weapon|anti-personnel]] purposes. In the anti-personnel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with [[High explosive|HE]] rounds can kill large numbers of opposing troops either in the open or in light fortifications. In the anti-materiel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with [[Armor-piercing shot and shell|armor-piercing]] rounds can disable many types of aircraft and ground vehicles, including some [[main battle tank]]s.


The [[United States armed forces|US military]] uses 25 mm weapons in their [[AV-8B Harrier]], [[AC-130 gunship]], [[M2 Bradley]], [[LAV-25]], [[F-35 Lightning II]] and as a standard ship-based munition in the [[Mk 38]] autocannon.
The [[United States armed forces|US military]] uses 25 mm weapons in their [[AV-8B Harrier]], [[AC-130 gunship]], [[M2 Bradley]], [[LAV-25]], [[F-35 Lightning II]] and as a standard ship-based munition in the [[Mk 38]] autocannon.


==Types of 25 mm ammunition==
==Types of 25 mm ammunition==
[[File:Japanese 25 x 163 mm ammunition.jpg|thumb|Japanese 25×163mm ammunition from a post-war US technical manual.]]
[[File:Japanese 25 x 163 mm ammunition.jpg|thumb|Japanese 25×163mm ammunition from a post-war US technical manual]]
[[File:M791-APDS-T.png|thumb|A diagram of the M791 25×137mm round.]]
[[File:M791-APDS-T.png|thumb|A diagram of the M791 25×137mm round]]


Several sub-types of the NATO 25 mm [[ammunition]] are available—the most common being [[Armor-piercing shot and shell|armor-piercing]], [[high-explosive]], [[sabot]], [[Tracer ammunition|tracer]], and practice rounds. [[Cartridge (weaponry)|Cartridge]]s are usually composed of a combination of the aforementioned categories. For example, the M791 pictured to the right is an armor-piercing discarding sabot with tracer (APDS-T) round. It is used against lightly [[Armoured fighting vehicle|armored vehicles]], [[self-propelled artillery]], and aerial targets such as [[helicopter]]s and slow-moving fixed-wing aircraft.
Several sub-types of the NATO 25 mm [[ammunition]] are available—the most common being [[Armor-piercing shot and shell|armor-piercing]], high-explosive, [[Sabot (firearms)|sabot]], [[Tracer ammunition|tracer]], and practice rounds. [[Cartridge (weaponry)|Cartridge]]s are usually composed of a combination of the aforementioned categories. For example, the M791 is an armor-piercing discarding sabot with tracer (APDS-T) round. It is used against lightly [[Armoured fighting vehicle|armored vehicles]], [[self-propelled artillery]], and aerial targets such as [[helicopter]]s and slow-moving fixed-wing aircraft.


==25 mm weapons==
==25 mm weapons==
Each weapon is listed with its cartridge type appended.


===Current weapons===
===Current weapons===

*[[M242 Bushmaster]]: 25×137mm
{| class="wikitable"
*[[GAU-12 Equalizer]]: 25×137mm
! style="width: 100px;" | Weapon
*[[GIAT Industries|GIATs]], [[Giat M811|25M811]]: 25×137mm
! style="width: 150px;" | Country of origin
*[[Oerlikon Contraves|Oerlikon]] [[Oerlikon KBA|KBA]]: 25×137mm

*[[Oerlikon Contraves|Oerlikon]] [[Oerlikon KBB|KBB]]: 25×184mm
! style="width: 150px;" | Designer
*[[Oerlikon Contraves|Oerlikon]] [[Oerlikon KBD|KBD]]: 25×184mm
! style="width: 100px;" | Cartridge
*PG87 AAA:25×183mmB
! style="width: 150px;" | Type
*Type 95 SPAAA:25×183mmB
|-
*ZPT90:25×183mmB
| [[Oerlikon KBA]]
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| [[Rheinmetall AG]]
| 25×137mm
| [[Autocannon]]
|-
| [[M242 Bushmaster]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| [[Hughes Helicopters]]
| 25×137mm
| [[Chain gun]]
|-
| [[GAU-12 Equalizer|GAU-12/22 Equalizer]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| [[General Electric]]
| 25×137mm
| [[Rotary cannon]]
|-
| [[Giat M811|GIAT M811]]
| {{flag|France}}
| [[GIAT Industries]]
| 25×137mm
| Autocannon
|-
| [[Oerlikon KBB]]
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| [[Rheinmetall AG]]
| 25×184mm
| Autocannon
|-
| [[Oerlikon KBD]]
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| [[Rheinmetall AG]]
| 25×184mm
| Autocannon
|-
| [[Type 61 25mm AAA guns|Type 61]]
| {{flag|China}}
|
| 25×218mmSR
| Anti-aircraft autocannon
|-
| [[Type 95 SPAAA]]
| {{flag|China}}
|
| 25×183mmB
| Anti-aircraft autocannon
|-
| [[ZPT-90]]
| {{flag|China}}
|
| 25×183mmB
| Autocannon
|}


===Historical weapons===
===Historical weapons===

*[[25 mm Hotchkiss anti-aircraft gun]]/[[Type 96 25 mm AT/AA Gun]]: 25×163mm
{| class="wikitable"
*[[25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun]]: 25×193.5mmR
! style="width: 100px;" | Weapon
*[[25 mm automatic air defense gun M1940 (72-K)|25 mm M1940 anti-aircraft gun]]: 25×218mmSR
! style="width: 150px;" | Country of origin

! style="width: 150px;" | Designer
! style="width: 100px;" | Cartridge
! style="width: 150px;" | Type
|-
| [[25 mm Hotchkiss anti-aircraft gun]]/[[Type 96 25 mm AT/AA gun]]
| {{flag|France}}
| [[Hotchkiss et Cie]]
| 25×163mm
| Anti-aircraft autocannon
|-
| [[25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun]]
| {{flag|France}}
| [[Hotchkiss et Cie]]
| 25×193.5mmR
| [[Anti-tank gun]]
|-
| [[25 mm automatic air defense gun M1940 (72-K)|25 mm M1940 anti-aircraft gun]]
| {{flag|Soviet Union}}
| [[Mikhail Loginov]] and [[Lev Loktev]]
| 25×218mmSR
| Anti-tank gun
|-
| [[Bofors 25 mm M/32|25 mm Bofors M/32 anti-aircraft gun]]
| {{flag|Sweden}}
| [[Bofors]]
| 25x205mmR (initial) or 25x187mmR (later)
| Anti-aircraft autocannon
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Caliber]]
*[[.50 BMG]]
*[[14.5×114mm]]
*[[14.5×114mm]]
*[[20 mm caliber]]
*[[20 mm caliber]]
*[[23 mm caliber]]
*[[23 mm caliber]]
**[[23×115mm]]
*[[25 mm grenade]]
**[[23×152mm]]
*25 mm caliber
**[[25×40mm]]
**[[25×59mm]]
*[[30 mm caliber]]
*[[30 mm caliber]]
*[[List of cartridges (weaponry), pistol and rifle]]
*[[List of cartridges (weaponry), pistol and rifle]]
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/25.htm Federation of American Scientists: 25mm Ammunition]
*[http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/25.htm Federation of American Scientists: 25mm Ammunition]
*[https://www.denix.osd.mil/denix/Public/Library/Explosives/UXOSafety/Photogallery/Small/smallmun.html UXO Safety Information]
*[https://www.denix.osd.mil/denix/Public/Library/Explosives/UXOSafety/Photogallery/Small/smallmun.html UXO Safety Information]{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}


[[Category:Large-caliber cartridges]]
[[Category:Large-caliber cartridges]]

Latest revision as of 23:14, 6 March 2024

25×137mm M793 target practice with tracer (TP-T) rounds for the MK-38 being inspected

25 mm caliber is a range of autocannon ammunition. It includes the NATO standardized Swiss 25×137mm, the Swiss 25×184mm, the Soviet 25x218mmSR, and the Chinese 25×183mmB.

Usage[edit]

The 25 mm round can be used for anti-materiel or anti-personnel purposes. In the anti-personnel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with HE rounds can kill large numbers of opposing troops either in the open or in light fortifications. In the anti-materiel role, a 25 mm weapon armed with armor-piercing rounds can disable many types of aircraft and ground vehicles, including some main battle tanks.

The US military uses 25 mm weapons in their AV-8B Harrier, AC-130 gunship, M2 Bradley, LAV-25, F-35 Lightning II and as a standard ship-based munition in the Mk 38 autocannon.

Types of 25 mm ammunition[edit]

Japanese 25×163mm ammunition from a post-war US technical manual
A diagram of the M791 25×137mm round

Several sub-types of the NATO 25 mm ammunition are available—the most common being armor-piercing, high-explosive, sabot, tracer, and practice rounds. Cartridges are usually composed of a combination of the aforementioned categories. For example, the M791 is an armor-piercing discarding sabot with tracer (APDS-T) round. It is used against lightly armored vehicles, self-propelled artillery, and aerial targets such as helicopters and slow-moving fixed-wing aircraft.

25 mm weapons[edit]

Current weapons[edit]

Weapon Country of origin Designer Cartridge Type
Oerlikon KBA   Switzerland Rheinmetall AG 25×137mm Autocannon
M242 Bushmaster  United States Hughes Helicopters 25×137mm Chain gun
GAU-12/22 Equalizer  United States General Electric 25×137mm Rotary cannon
GIAT M811  France GIAT Industries 25×137mm Autocannon
Oerlikon KBB   Switzerland Rheinmetall AG 25×184mm Autocannon
Oerlikon KBD   Switzerland Rheinmetall AG 25×184mm Autocannon
Type 61  China 25×218mmSR Anti-aircraft autocannon
Type 95 SPAAA  China 25×183mmB Anti-aircraft autocannon
ZPT-90  China 25×183mmB Autocannon

Historical weapons[edit]

Weapon Country of origin Designer Cartridge Type
25 mm Hotchkiss anti-aircraft gun/Type 96 25 mm AT/AA gun  France Hotchkiss et Cie 25×163mm Anti-aircraft autocannon
25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun  France Hotchkiss et Cie 25×193.5mmR Anti-tank gun
25 mm M1940 anti-aircraft gun  Soviet Union Mikhail Loginov and Lev Loktev 25×218mmSR Anti-tank gun
25 mm Bofors M/32 anti-aircraft gun  Sweden Bofors 25x205mmR (initial) or 25x187mmR (later) Anti-aircraft autocannon

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • U.S. Army Field Manual 3-22.1

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=25_mm_caliber&oldid=1212261377"