s'

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Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Short for (not) (not to be confused with adjectival article and conjunction se (that (as), when)). This is in turn from Proto-Albanian *tśe, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíd (that (relative))[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /s/, (before voiced consonants) /z/

Adverb

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s'

  1. negates the meaning of the modified verb: not, don't
    Synonym: nuk
    Unë di. - Unë s'di.
    I know. - I don't know.
    Jam, s'jam. Je, s'je.
    I am, I'm not. You are, you aren't.
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References

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  1. ^ Albanische Etymologien (Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz), Bardhyl Demiraj, Leiden Studies in Indo-European 7; Amsterdam - Atlanta 1997. p. 276.

Asturian

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. Apocopic form of se before a vowel

Catalan

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Pronoun

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s’

  1. Contraction of es.

Usage notes

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  • s' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.

Declension

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Franco-Provençal

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Conjunction

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s'

  1. Prevocalic clipping of se

Pronoun

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s'

  1. Prevocalic clipping of

French

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /s‿/
  • Audio:(file)

Conjunction

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s’

  1. Elision of si (if) before il or ils.
    S’il vous plaîtPlease / Here you are.
    S’il te plaît.Please / Here you are.
    Je ne sais pas s’ils viendront demain.
    I don’t know if they will come tomorrow.

Pronoun

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s’ (third person)

  1. Elision of se before a word beginning with a vowel.
    Il s’habille.He’s dressing (himself).
    Il s’aime.He loves himself.
    Ils s’aiment.
    They love themselves. / They love each other.
  2. (informal) Elision of se before a word beginning with a consonant.
    Y s’bouge le cul ou quoi?Is he movin’ his ass or what?

Further reading

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Italian

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Pronoun

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s' (apocopated)

  1. (before a vowel) Apocopic form of si

Usage notes

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  • Commonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.

See also

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Manx

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Alternative forms

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  • s- (used before a vowel)
  • sh- (used before front vowels)

Etymology

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From Old Irish is.

Particle

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s'

  1. Present/future copula form
    S'mie lhiam shillishyn.
    I am fond of cherries.
    Shegin dooin goll dy chaggey.
    We have to go to war.
    my sailltplease (said to one person)
  2. Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives
    V'ee yn inneen s'bwaaee 'sy theihll.
    She was the prettiest girl in the world.
    fer s'gilley jeh mooinjey y vadranthe brightest of the sons of the morning

Usage notes

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Only used with adjectives. When nouns are equated with each other, use she.

Neapolitan

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Pronoun

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s’

  1. (before a vowel) Apocopic form of se

Norman

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Etymology

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Old French se < Latin .

Pronoun

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s'

  1. third-person singular reflexive pronoun; oneself
    s'rêjouito enjoy oneself

Old French

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. his; her; its (elided form of son or sa before a word starting with a vowel)
    s'oreillehis ear

Romagnol

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Conjunction

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s'

  1. Apocopic form of se (if)
    • 1920, Olindo Guerrini, edited by Zanichelli, Sonetti romagnoli, published 1967:
      S'aví pazenzia d' lezer ste librett E ch'a sbrucheva i virs in rumagnol A i truvarí zinquanta e piò sunett Ch'av gudrí ch'a farí dal scapariol.
      If [you] are patient to read this book and you (can) understand the poetry in Romagnol you will find more than fifty sonnets that will entertain you more than tumbling.

Sardinian

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Article

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s' m or f (Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese)

  1. Apocopic form of su, used before a vowel: the (masculine singular definite article)
  2. Apocopic form of sa, used before a vowel: the (feminine singular definite article)

Sassarese

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. Apocopic form of si, used before a vowel