Orca
Borrowed from Latin orca (“tun, cask; whale”), see there for more. Although the origin is obscure, the sometimes-cited association with orcus (“underworld”) is folk-etymology. Doublet of orc.
orca (plural orcas or orca)
- A sea mammal (Orcinus orca) related to dolphins and porpoises, commonly called the killer whale.
- Synonyms: grampus, killer whale, blackfish
1876, Alexander Schultz, “Account of the Fisheries and Seal-Hunting in the White Sea, the Arctic Ocean, and the Caspian Sea”, in United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Part III. Report of the Commissioner for 1873-4 and 1874-5., Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 55:In the summer, when the weather is calm and beautiful, large flocks of orcæ can be seen approaching the shallow places near the shore, or between the numerous islands of the White Sea. Several fishermen associate for hunting orcæ, each one furnishing a boat, and a large seine made of cords of the thickness of a finger, the meshes being 10½ inches square.
- Afrikaans: moordvis, orka
- Ainu: レプンカムイ (repun-kamuy), カムイフㇺベ (kamuy-humbe)
- Arabic: حُوت قَاتِل m (ḥūt qātil)
- Armenian: please add this translation if you can
- Assamese: অৰকা (oroka)
- Asturian: orca (ast), esperlón (ast)
- Belarusian: каса́тка f (kasátka)
- Bulgarian: коса́тка (bg) f (kosátka)
- Catalan: orca (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 逆戟鯨/逆戟鲸 (zh) (nìjǐjīng), 虎鯨/虎鲸 (zh) (hǔjīng), 殺人鯨/杀人鲸 (zh) (shārénjīng)
- Czech: kosatka (cs) f
- Danish: spækhugger (da) c
- Dutch: orka (nl) m, zwaardwalvis (nl) m
- Esperanto: orko, granda orcino
- Faroese: bóghvítuhvalur (fo) m, mastrarhvalur m, mastrarfiskur m, æðuhvalur m, rovhvalur m, steyrhvalur m
- Finnish: miekkavalas (fi)
- French: épaulard (fr) m, orque (fr) f
- Galician: candorca (gl) f, alcandorca (gl) f
- German: Schwertwal (de) m, Mörderwal m, Killerwal (de) m
- Haida: sg̱aana (Queen Charlotte Islands)
- Hungarian: kardszárnyú delfin (hu), orka (hu), gyilkos bálna
- Icelandic: háhyrningur (is) m
- Ido: orko
- Indonesian: seguni
- Inuktitut: ᐋᕐᓗᒃ (aarlok)
- Italian: orca (it) f
- Japanese: 鯱 (ja) (しゃち, shachi), さかまた (逆叉, sakamata)
- Korean: 범고래 (ko) (beomgorae)
- Kwak'wala: (please verify) max'inux (Northern Vancouver Island)
- Latvian: zobenvalis m
- Lutshootseed: qal'qaləχʷič
- Macedonian: косатка f (kosatka)
- Maori: maki, kākahi
- Marathi: हिंसक देवमासा m (hiusak devmāsā), ऑर्का m (ŏrkā)
- Nahuatl: hueyimichtecuani
- Neapolitan: ncroja f
- Norwegian: spekkhogger m
- Nynorsk: spekkhoggar (nn) m
- Okinawan: 鯱 (さち, sachi)
- Old Norse: vagna
- Persian: ارکا (orkâ)
- Polish: orka (pl) f, miecznik (pl) m
- Portuguese: orca (pt) f
- Romanian: orca (ro) f
- Russian: коса́тка (ru) f (kosátka), каса́тка (ru) f (kasátka), кит-уби́йца m (kit-ubíjca)
- Scottish Gaelic: cana (gd) m, mada-chuain m
- Slovak: kosatka (sk) f
- Spanish: orca (es) f
- Swedish: späckhuggare (sv) c
- Thai: วาฬเพชฌฆาต (waan-pét-chá-kâat)
- Tlingit: kéet
- Turkish: katil balina
- Ukrainian: please add this translation if you can
- Yámana: shamanaj
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- ocra, acro-, arco, acro, Caro, AOCR, CRAO, Roca, RAOC, Cora, Arco
Borrowed from Latin orca.
orca f (plural orques)
- orca
From Latin orca.
- IPA(key): /ˈɔɾka/ [ˈɔɾ.kɐ]
- Rhymes: -ɔɾka
- Hyphenation: or‧ca
orca f (plural orcas)
- orca, killer whale
- Synonym: candorca
A compound of orr (“nose”) + száj (“mouth”) → orrszáj, transformed to orca over the centuries.
orca (plural orcák)
- (archaic) cheek
- Holonym: (face) arc
1844, Sándor Petőfi, translated by John Ridland, János vitéz[1], chapter 4, stanza 5, lines 1-2:„Hej, Iluskám! hogyne volnék én halovány, / Mikor szép orcádat utószor látom tán…”- “Oh, Nelly love! How could I help but look white, / When your lovely face soon will be torn from my sight…”
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember[2] (Timar’s Two Worlds),[3] part 1, chapter 2, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
A kormányos ölnyi termetű kemény férfi volt, erősen rezes arcszínnel, a két orcáján a pirosság vékony hajszálerek szövevényében fejezte ki magát, miktől a szeme fehére is recés volt.- The steersman is a six-foot weather-beaten sailor with a very red face, whose color on both cheeks comes from a network of veins with which the white of the eye is also transfused.
- orca in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
From Old Irish orca.
orca f (genitive singular orcan, nominative plural oircne)
- (literary) calf (of leg)
- Synonyms: colpa, pluc
Irish mutation
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Radical |
Eclipsis |
with h-prothesis |
with t-prothesis
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orca
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n-orca
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horca
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not applicable
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “orca”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “orca”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “orca”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “orca”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
From Latin orca.
orca f (plural orche)
- killer whale; orca
- Synonym: balena assassina
1516, Ludovico Ariosto, “Canto decimo [Canto 10]”, in Orlando Furioso [Raging Roland][4], Venice: Gabriel Giolito, published 1551, page 41:Vi fu legata pur quella mattina,
Dove venia per trangughiarla viva
Quel smisurato Mostro Orca marina,
che di abhorrevole esca si nutriva- That morning, she was tied up there, where that enormous monster, marine orca, feeding on horrible bait, was coming to swallow her alive
Borrowed from Dutch hulk.
orca f (plural orche)
- (nautical, historical) hulk (large ship used for transportation)
- orca1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
- orca2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Either borrowed from Ancient Greek ὕρχη (húrkhē, “earthen fish-salting vessel”), or else both borrowed separately from a substrate Mediterranean language. The sense of whale is likely influenced by ὄρυξ (órux, “pickaxe; oryx; narwhal”).
orca f (genitive orcae); first declension
- orc, orca (kind of whale)
- butt, tun (large-bellied vessel)
First-declension noun.
- Catalan: orca
- Galician: orca
- Italian: orca
- Middle French: orque f
- Portuguese: orca
- Romanian: orca
- Spanish: orca
- → Dutch: orka
- → English: orca
- → German: Orca
- → Polish: orka
- → Proto-West Germanic: *ork (see there for further descendants)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: орца
- Latin script: orka
- → Translingual: orca
- “orca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “orca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- orca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- orca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “orca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “orca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
orca f (plural orcas)
- orca
- Synonym: baleia-assassina
From Latin orca.
orca f (plural orcas, masculine orco, masculine plural orcos)
- orca, killer whale
- Synonym: ballena asesina