Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are financial institutions that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank. This document provides an overview of NBFCs in India, including their history, regulations, types, and roles. It defines various types of NBFCs such as investment companies, equipment leasing companies, loan companies, and housing finance companies. It also discusses the historical committees that shaped NBFC regulations and compares NBFCs to banks.
This presentation have the detailed analysis of the Indian banking sector, how it has evolved and reformes that have come gradually.It also has a classic case of merger of ICICI bank with BOM.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) performs several key monetary and non-monetary functions:
As the country's central bank, the RBI formulates and implements monetary policy, ensures an adequate supply of money, and monitors credit to productive sectors. It also designs, prints, and distributes currency. Additionally, the RBI acts as the government's banker, facilitates inter-bank transactions, regulates other banks, collects economic statistics, manages foreign exchange reserves, and promotes development through banking initiatives. One of its major tools for controlling the money supply is credit control.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system. It discusses the structure of the system, which includes the Reserve Bank of India (central bank), scheduled commercial banks (public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, regional rural banks, cooperative banks), and their roles. It also summarizes the primary functions of banks, which are accepting various types of deposits from the public and granting loans and advances. Secondary functions of banks include performing agency functions like funds transfer and collection services, as well as general utility functions.
Role of RBI in Indian Banking System - ITT PresentationKunal Motwani
Thank you for the presentation. I have learned about the important role played by the Reserve Bank of India in regulating and developing the Indian banking system.
This presentation covers Merchant Banking History; Categories; Services provided by them; Methods of placement; underwriting; Issue management & SEBI guidelines.
The document discusses priority sector lending in India. It defines priority sectors as agriculture, small scale industries, and other identified sectors of economic importance. It provides details on categories of lending covered under priority sectors such as short term crop loans, medium and long term agriculture loans, small scale industry loans, and loans to weaker sections. It also outlines priority sector lending targets for domestic and foreign banks in India and monitoring of priority sector lending by the Reserve Bank of India.
The document summarizes the structure of the banking system in India. It outlines the different types of banks: scheduled banks and non-scheduled banks. It also discusses cooperative banks, including central cooperative banks, state cooperative banks, and district central cooperative banks. The document then covers commercial banks such as public sector banks, regional rural banks, private sector banks, and foreign banks. It provides brief descriptions of each type of bank and their roles within the Indian banking system.
Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are financial institutions that provide banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank. This document provides an overview of NBFCs in India, including their history, regulations, types, and roles. It defines various types of NBFCs such as investment companies, equipment leasing companies, loan companies, and housing finance companies. It also discusses the historical committees that shaped NBFC regulations and compares NBFCs to banks.
This presentation have the detailed analysis of the Indian banking sector, how it has evolved and reformes that have come gradually.It also has a classic case of merger of ICICI bank with BOM.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) performs several key monetary and non-monetary functions:
As the country's central bank, the RBI formulates and implements monetary policy, ensures an adequate supply of money, and monitors credit to productive sectors. It also designs, prints, and distributes currency. Additionally, the RBI acts as the government's banker, facilitates inter-bank transactions, regulates other banks, collects economic statistics, manages foreign exchange reserves, and promotes development through banking initiatives. One of its major tools for controlling the money supply is credit control.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system. It discusses the structure of the system, which includes the Reserve Bank of India (central bank), scheduled commercial banks (public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, regional rural banks, cooperative banks), and their roles. It also summarizes the primary functions of banks, which are accepting various types of deposits from the public and granting loans and advances. Secondary functions of banks include performing agency functions like funds transfer and collection services, as well as general utility functions.
Role of RBI in Indian Banking System - ITT PresentationKunal Motwani
Thank you for the presentation. I have learned about the important role played by the Reserve Bank of India in regulating and developing the Indian banking system.
This presentation covers Merchant Banking History; Categories; Services provided by them; Methods of placement; underwriting; Issue management & SEBI guidelines.
The document discusses priority sector lending in India. It defines priority sectors as agriculture, small scale industries, and other identified sectors of economic importance. It provides details on categories of lending covered under priority sectors such as short term crop loans, medium and long term agriculture loans, small scale industry loans, and loans to weaker sections. It also outlines priority sector lending targets for domestic and foreign banks in India and monitoring of priority sector lending by the Reserve Bank of India.
The document summarizes the structure of the banking system in India. It outlines the different types of banks: scheduled banks and non-scheduled banks. It also discusses cooperative banks, including central cooperative banks, state cooperative banks, and district central cooperative banks. The document then covers commercial banks such as public sector banks, regional rural banks, private sector banks, and foreign banks. It provides brief descriptions of each type of bank and their roles within the Indian banking system.
This document provides an overview of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses the RBI's history, governance structure, key roles as the central bank and monetary authority of India including regulating the financial system, managing foreign exchange and currency, and its developmental functions. The document also outlines the RBI's objectives in being established, its subsidiaries, and instruments used for credit control.
The document provides information about the roles and functions of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses RBI's role as a monetary authority, banker's bank, money regulator, issuer of currency and licenses. It outlines the powers of RBI in controlling money supply through various quantitative measures like cash reserve ratio (CRR), statutory liquidity ratio (SLR), repo rate, and reverse repo rate. Examples are given of how CRR, SLR and repo rate work. Past and recent governors of RBI are also mentioned.
The documents discuss the history of banking in India. They describe how the three Presidency Banks were established in the 19th century and later amalgamated to form the Imperial Bank of India in 1921. The Imperial Bank performed some central banking functions until the Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935. The RBI took over as the central bank and continues to regulate monetary policy and the banking system in India.
The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India established in 1935. It regulates banking, manages currency and monetary policy in India. It acts as a bank for the government and regulates commercial banks. It issues currency, manages foreign exchange reserves, implements monetary policy tools like repo rate, CRR, and SLR to regulate inflation and control money supply. It also oversees functions like licensing banks, inspecting banks, and managing clearing houses.
This document discusses the Indian banking sector. It outlines the major types of banks in India including public, private, and foreign sectors. The banking sector has grown significantly since 2001. The Reserve Bank of India regulates the banking system and controls various policies. Major players in the sector include HDFC Bank, SBI, ICICI Bank, and others. The banking industry makes up a large portion of India's GDP and employs over 50,000 workers annually, primarily through public and private sector banks.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system. It discusses the history and evolution of banking in India from the establishment of the first bank in 1786 to the current system. It describes the key components of the current banking system including the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), scheduled commercial banks, cooperative banks, and tools used by RBI to regulate the system like cash reserve ratio, repo rate, and statutory liquidity ratio. The banking system has transitioned India to a strong economy with robust banking.
Banking in India originated in the late 18th century with the Bank of Hindustan and General Bank of India. The oldest and largest bank still in existence is the State Bank of India, which originated from the Bank of Bengal and later merged with the Bank of Bombay and Bank of Madras to form the Imperial Bank of India. In 1955 it became the State Bank of India. The government nationalized many banks in 1969 and they remain under government ownership as public sector undertakings. The modern Indian banking sector includes public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, regional rural banks, urban cooperative banks and state cooperative banks.
This document discusses credit ratings and their importance. It begins with an introduction to credit ratings, defining them as assessments of an issuer's ability and willingness to repay debt. It then discusses factors that affect credit ratings, the different types of credit ratings, and the advantages and disadvantages of credit ratings. The rest of the document focuses on the specific credit rating system used by State Bank of Hyderabad, covering their risk assessment model, types of risks considered, qualitative parameters, risk scores and rating transitions.
The document discusses loans, advances, and non-performing assets (NPAs). It defines loans and advances, explains how they are granted and against what securities. It also defines NPAs and classifications (standard, sub-standard, doubtful, loss assets). Factors causing NPAs and measures to avoid them are suggested, including identifying defaulters across banks and ensuring borrower and guarantor credibility.
Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are financial institutions registered under the Companies Act and engaged in lending and investment activities. The document discusses the history and regulation of NBFCs in India. It outlines the various types of NBFCs and their roles in providing credit to sectors underserved by banks. While NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits like banks, they play an important role in developing industries and financing first-time buyers. The Reserve Bank of India regulates NBFC registration and prudential norms in India.
Reserve Bank of India- Management of Financial Services projectPriyanka Bachkaniwala
The document provides information about the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), including that it was established in 1934 and serves as India's central bank. It discusses the RBI's history and governance structure, with a central board and local boards. The key roles of the RBI are outlined as monetary authority, bank regulator, banker to the government, manager of foreign exchange, currency issuer, and developmental roles. The document also notes some of the RBI's subsidiaries and current monetary policy rates.
1) The document is a summer internship project report on depository services at Dena Bank.
2) It provides an overview of the banking sector and Dena Bank, and introduces depository services including the two depositories in India - NSDL and CDSL.
3) The report analyzes Dena Bank's current depository services, benchmarks it against competitors, and provides recommendations to improve Dena Bank's depository business model including improvements to their website, online trading facilities, and training for employees.
The document discusses home loans and their benefits. It begins by explaining that owning a home is a lifelong dream for many and requires taking out a home loan, which are long-term loans offered by banks and financial institutions. It then discusses the various types of home loans available, including loans for home purchase, construction, and improvement. Key benefits of home loans include affordable monthly installments to pay for the home over time and tax benefits under section 24(b) and 80C of the Income Tax Act. Borrowers can claim a tax deduction of up to Rs. 150,000 for interest paid and Rs. 100,000 for principal repaid each year.
State Bank of India (SBI) is India's largest bank with over 14,000 branches and 32,000 ATMs. It was established in 1955 and nationalized in 1969. SBI has a large domestic and international presence with over 180 overseas offices. Some key points:
- Deposits have risen to Rs. 12 trillion with 15% annual growth, while advances crossed Rs. 10 trillion with 21% growth.
- It has expanded its branch network by 719 branches to a total of 14,816 branches, with 66% located in rural/semi-urban areas.
- SBI has subsidiaries in Canada, California, and several other countries around the world.
- Major
Merchant banking in India originated in 1969 with the merchant banking division set up by Grindlays Bank. Merchant banks provide specialist financial services like corporate finance, portfolio management, and issue management. The SEBI guidelines regulate merchant banks' activities like public issue allotments and disclosure of non-core business income. Looking ahead, merchant banks will need to ensure their activities protect investors and promote healthy capital markets as the industry continues to evolve in India.
Non-performing assets (NPAs) are loans that are in default or close to being in default. In India, NPAs are classified as standard, sub-standard, doubtful, or loss assets depending on the period of default. The NPA rate in Indian banks peaked in 2015 at over 5% due to bad loans in sectors like infrastructure and steel. Measures to reduce NPAs include debt recovery tribunals, loan restructuring, and selling NPAs to asset reconstruction companies at a discount. High NPAs have significantly impacted Indian bank profits in recent years.
Commercial banks in India accept deposits and provide loans and other financial services. The key functions of commercial banks are accepting deposits, advancing loans, discounting bills of exchange, and providing agency and general services. In 1969 and 1980, the Indian government nationalized several large commercial banks to increase access to credit in rural and underserved areas and promote equitable development. The objectives of nationalization were to reduce economic concentration, mobilize resources nationwide, and fulfill the credit needs of small businesses and farmers.
Payment banks are a new model of banks in India conceptualized by the Reserve Bank of India to promote financial inclusion. Payment banks can accept deposits up to Rs. 1 lakh, offer remittance services, mobile payments/transfers and other banking services like ATM/debit cards and net banking, but cannot issue loans or credit cards. The document discusses the functions of payment banks in detail, including how they can facilitate e-commerce payments in India and their significance for the Indian economy by promoting digital transactions. It also provides context on the Indian banking industry and reviews previous literature on banking performance.
Retail banking provides banking services to individual customers through local branches. It offers savings and checking accounts, mortgages, loans, debit/credit cards. Retail banking started in 15th century Europe and expanded through branch networks in the 19th century. Today it is characterized by multiple products and distribution channels for different customer groups. In India, retail banking has grown over 35% in the last 5 years and offers potential in rural areas. It provides secure money management and access to accounts/services through various channels like ATMs, internet and mobile banking.
The document provides an overview of the banking sector in India across four phases of development:
1) Phase I from 1860-1946 saw the establishment of banks on western models and the creation of the Reserve Bank of India in 1935.
2) Phase II from 1947-1968 included the nationalization of the State Bank of India and its associates in 1955. The number of bank branches expanded significantly.
3) Phase III from 1969-1990 was marked by the nationalization of 14 major commercial banks in 1969 and 6 more in 1980. Priority sector lending was introduced to promote development.
The document discusses industrial estates and sectors in Pakistan. It provides a brief history of Pakistan and outlines that the first industrial estate was established in Karachi in 1947. The major industries discussed include textiles, fertilizers, cement, sugar, sports goods, telecommunications, leather, surgical equipment, automobiles, and glass. Statistics are given for production, exports, and GDP contribution of some of these industries. The document also compares Pakistan's industrial sector GDP contribution to countries like India, Bangladesh, and China.
This document provides an overview of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses the RBI's history, governance structure, key roles as the central bank and monetary authority of India including regulating the financial system, managing foreign exchange and currency, and its developmental functions. The document also outlines the RBI's objectives in being established, its subsidiaries, and instruments used for credit control.
The document provides information about the roles and functions of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses RBI's role as a monetary authority, banker's bank, money regulator, issuer of currency and licenses. It outlines the powers of RBI in controlling money supply through various quantitative measures like cash reserve ratio (CRR), statutory liquidity ratio (SLR), repo rate, and reverse repo rate. Examples are given of how CRR, SLR and repo rate work. Past and recent governors of RBI are also mentioned.
The documents discuss the history of banking in India. They describe how the three Presidency Banks were established in the 19th century and later amalgamated to form the Imperial Bank of India in 1921. The Imperial Bank performed some central banking functions until the Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935. The RBI took over as the central bank and continues to regulate monetary policy and the banking system in India.
The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India established in 1935. It regulates banking, manages currency and monetary policy in India. It acts as a bank for the government and regulates commercial banks. It issues currency, manages foreign exchange reserves, implements monetary policy tools like repo rate, CRR, and SLR to regulate inflation and control money supply. It also oversees functions like licensing banks, inspecting banks, and managing clearing houses.
This document discusses the Indian banking sector. It outlines the major types of banks in India including public, private, and foreign sectors. The banking sector has grown significantly since 2001. The Reserve Bank of India regulates the banking system and controls various policies. Major players in the sector include HDFC Bank, SBI, ICICI Bank, and others. The banking industry makes up a large portion of India's GDP and employs over 50,000 workers annually, primarily through public and private sector banks.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system. It discusses the history and evolution of banking in India from the establishment of the first bank in 1786 to the current system. It describes the key components of the current banking system including the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), scheduled commercial banks, cooperative banks, and tools used by RBI to regulate the system like cash reserve ratio, repo rate, and statutory liquidity ratio. The banking system has transitioned India to a strong economy with robust banking.
Banking in India originated in the late 18th century with the Bank of Hindustan and General Bank of India. The oldest and largest bank still in existence is the State Bank of India, which originated from the Bank of Bengal and later merged with the Bank of Bombay and Bank of Madras to form the Imperial Bank of India. In 1955 it became the State Bank of India. The government nationalized many banks in 1969 and they remain under government ownership as public sector undertakings. The modern Indian banking sector includes public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, regional rural banks, urban cooperative banks and state cooperative banks.
This document discusses credit ratings and their importance. It begins with an introduction to credit ratings, defining them as assessments of an issuer's ability and willingness to repay debt. It then discusses factors that affect credit ratings, the different types of credit ratings, and the advantages and disadvantages of credit ratings. The rest of the document focuses on the specific credit rating system used by State Bank of Hyderabad, covering their risk assessment model, types of risks considered, qualitative parameters, risk scores and rating transitions.
The document discusses loans, advances, and non-performing assets (NPAs). It defines loans and advances, explains how they are granted and against what securities. It also defines NPAs and classifications (standard, sub-standard, doubtful, loss assets). Factors causing NPAs and measures to avoid them are suggested, including identifying defaulters across banks and ensuring borrower and guarantor credibility.
Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are financial institutions registered under the Companies Act and engaged in lending and investment activities. The document discusses the history and regulation of NBFCs in India. It outlines the various types of NBFCs and their roles in providing credit to sectors underserved by banks. While NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits like banks, they play an important role in developing industries and financing first-time buyers. The Reserve Bank of India regulates NBFC registration and prudential norms in India.
Reserve Bank of India- Management of Financial Services projectPriyanka Bachkaniwala
The document provides information about the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), including that it was established in 1934 and serves as India's central bank. It discusses the RBI's history and governance structure, with a central board and local boards. The key roles of the RBI are outlined as monetary authority, bank regulator, banker to the government, manager of foreign exchange, currency issuer, and developmental roles. The document also notes some of the RBI's subsidiaries and current monetary policy rates.
1) The document is a summer internship project report on depository services at Dena Bank.
2) It provides an overview of the banking sector and Dena Bank, and introduces depository services including the two depositories in India - NSDL and CDSL.
3) The report analyzes Dena Bank's current depository services, benchmarks it against competitors, and provides recommendations to improve Dena Bank's depository business model including improvements to their website, online trading facilities, and training for employees.
The document discusses home loans and their benefits. It begins by explaining that owning a home is a lifelong dream for many and requires taking out a home loan, which are long-term loans offered by banks and financial institutions. It then discusses the various types of home loans available, including loans for home purchase, construction, and improvement. Key benefits of home loans include affordable monthly installments to pay for the home over time and tax benefits under section 24(b) and 80C of the Income Tax Act. Borrowers can claim a tax deduction of up to Rs. 150,000 for interest paid and Rs. 100,000 for principal repaid each year.
State Bank of India (SBI) is India's largest bank with over 14,000 branches and 32,000 ATMs. It was established in 1955 and nationalized in 1969. SBI has a large domestic and international presence with over 180 overseas offices. Some key points:
- Deposits have risen to Rs. 12 trillion with 15% annual growth, while advances crossed Rs. 10 trillion with 21% growth.
- It has expanded its branch network by 719 branches to a total of 14,816 branches, with 66% located in rural/semi-urban areas.
- SBI has subsidiaries in Canada, California, and several other countries around the world.
- Major
Merchant banking in India originated in 1969 with the merchant banking division set up by Grindlays Bank. Merchant banks provide specialist financial services like corporate finance, portfolio management, and issue management. The SEBI guidelines regulate merchant banks' activities like public issue allotments and disclosure of non-core business income. Looking ahead, merchant banks will need to ensure their activities protect investors and promote healthy capital markets as the industry continues to evolve in India.
Non-performing assets (NPAs) are loans that are in default or close to being in default. In India, NPAs are classified as standard, sub-standard, doubtful, or loss assets depending on the period of default. The NPA rate in Indian banks peaked in 2015 at over 5% due to bad loans in sectors like infrastructure and steel. Measures to reduce NPAs include debt recovery tribunals, loan restructuring, and selling NPAs to asset reconstruction companies at a discount. High NPAs have significantly impacted Indian bank profits in recent years.
Commercial banks in India accept deposits and provide loans and other financial services. The key functions of commercial banks are accepting deposits, advancing loans, discounting bills of exchange, and providing agency and general services. In 1969 and 1980, the Indian government nationalized several large commercial banks to increase access to credit in rural and underserved areas and promote equitable development. The objectives of nationalization were to reduce economic concentration, mobilize resources nationwide, and fulfill the credit needs of small businesses and farmers.
Payment banks are a new model of banks in India conceptualized by the Reserve Bank of India to promote financial inclusion. Payment banks can accept deposits up to Rs. 1 lakh, offer remittance services, mobile payments/transfers and other banking services like ATM/debit cards and net banking, but cannot issue loans or credit cards. The document discusses the functions of payment banks in detail, including how they can facilitate e-commerce payments in India and their significance for the Indian economy by promoting digital transactions. It also provides context on the Indian banking industry and reviews previous literature on banking performance.
Retail banking provides banking services to individual customers through local branches. It offers savings and checking accounts, mortgages, loans, debit/credit cards. Retail banking started in 15th century Europe and expanded through branch networks in the 19th century. Today it is characterized by multiple products and distribution channels for different customer groups. In India, retail banking has grown over 35% in the last 5 years and offers potential in rural areas. It provides secure money management and access to accounts/services through various channels like ATMs, internet and mobile banking.
The document provides an overview of the banking sector in India across four phases of development:
1) Phase I from 1860-1946 saw the establishment of banks on western models and the creation of the Reserve Bank of India in 1935.
2) Phase II from 1947-1968 included the nationalization of the State Bank of India and its associates in 1955. The number of bank branches expanded significantly.
3) Phase III from 1969-1990 was marked by the nationalization of 14 major commercial banks in 1969 and 6 more in 1980. Priority sector lending was introduced to promote development.
The document discusses industrial estates and sectors in Pakistan. It provides a brief history of Pakistan and outlines that the first industrial estate was established in Karachi in 1947. The major industries discussed include textiles, fertilizers, cement, sugar, sports goods, telecommunications, leather, surgical equipment, automobiles, and glass. Statistics are given for production, exports, and GDP contribution of some of these industries. The document also compares Pakistan's industrial sector GDP contribution to countries like India, Bangladesh, and China.
This document provides an overview and analysis of public sector banks, private sector banks, and foreign banks in India from 2010-2011 to 2014-2015. It summarizes the origin and role of public sector banks in India and compares their financial performance to private and foreign banks in key metrics like deposits, credit disbursal, credit-deposit ratios, profitability, and non-performing assets. The analysis finds that public sector banks attract more deposits but have higher non-performing assets, while private banks are growing their loan portfolios more rapidly but have stronger asset quality.
A bank is a financial intermediary that creates credit by lending money to a borrower.
Banking in India in the modern sense originated in the last decades of the 18th century.
Among the first banks were the Bank of Hindustan, which was established in 1770
The largest bank, and the oldest still in existence, is the State Bank of India. It originated as the Bank of Calcutta in June 1806.
The Reserve Bank Of India was established in 1935
Indian banking consists of 26 public sector banks, 20 private sector banks, 43 foreign banks, 56 regional rural banks, 1,589 urban cooperative banks and 93,550 rural cooperative banks
This seminar discussed the banking sector in India. It began with definitions of banks and the banking sector. Several students then presented on topics like the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats facing the banking sector in India. The presentation categorized banks into public sector banks, private sector banks, and cooperative banks. It provided examples of banks in each category and discussed their roles. The functions of the Reserve Bank of India in regulating the financial system were also outlined. Overall, the seminar provided a comprehensive overview of the different components of the banking sector in India.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central bank that was established in 1935. It is headquartered in Mumbai and governs India's banking system and controls its monetary policy. The RBI has the goal of maintaining monetary stability and ensuring credit flows to support India's economy. It is owned by the Government of India and led by a central board of directors and a governor.
This document provides an overview of the banking sector in India in three phases: (1) the early phase from 1786 to 1969, (2) nationalization from 1969 to 1991, and (3) post-1991 reforms. It describes the evolution of banks in India including the establishment of the first bank, nationalization of major banks, entry of foreign and private banks, and expanded services. The document also summarizes the functions, types (public, private, cooperative), and role of the Reserve Bank of India in regulating the banking system and monetary policy.
This document provides a brief history of banking in India from ancient times to modern times. It discusses the origins of indigenous banking systems as well as the establishment of western-style commercial banks starting in the 18th century under British rule. It then summarizes the key events in the nationalization of banks in India in 1955, 1969, 1980 which brought most of the banking sector under public/government ownership. The creation of the Reserve Bank of India in 1935 to act as the central bank is also highlighted.
The insurance sector in India has historically been dominated by LIC, but private insurers have gained market share since 2000 when the sector was opened to privatization. The life insurance industry has grown substantially in the last decade, with the number of policies and amount of premiums increasing significantly. Growth has been driven by rising incomes and awareness as well as government initiatives to expand insurance coverage. However, there remains huge potential for further growth given low insurance penetration rates currently. Major players include both public sector insurers like LIC and private insurers such as HDFC, ICICI and Bajaj. The general insurance sector is also growing with motor insurance making up a large portion of the market.
Today, the banking industry in our country is stronger and capable of withstanding the pressures of competition. It withstood Global Financial Crisis (2008). In the era of Globalization Banking Sector in India is rapidly changing since 1990s due to technological innovation, financial liberalization with entry of new private and foreign banks, and regulatory changes in the corporate sector. Indian banking industry is gradually moving towards adopting the best practices in accounting, internationally accepted prudential norms, with higher disclosures and transparency, corporate governance and risk management, interest rates have been deregulated, while the rigour of directed lending is being progressively reduced. In our country, currently we are having a fairly well developed banking system with different classes of banks – public sector banks, foreign banks, private sector banks – both old and new generation, regional rural banks and co-operative banks with the Reserve Bank of India as the leader of the system. In the banking field, there has been an unprecedented growth and diversification of banking industry and our banks are now utilizing the latest technologies like internet and mobile devices to carry out transactions and communicate with the masses.
1. The document discusses several major banks in India including State Bank of India, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, HDFC Bank, and HSBC Bank.
2. It provides information on when each bank was founded, their leadership such as chairman, and the types of products and services offered like savings accounts, loans, credit cards, investments and more.
3. The document also defines what a bank is and discusses their core functions such as accepting deposits and lending money.
The document summarizes the evolution of banking in India over different phases:
Phase I saw the slow growth of banks with the establishment of the first bank in India in 1786 and the Reserve Bank of India in 1935. Phase II brought nationalization of SBI and other banks in 1955-1960. Phase III saw further nationalization of 14 banks in 1969. Phase IV began banking reforms after 1991, allowing new private banks and more foreign investment and competition. Today, Indian banking utilizes modern technology and aims to further financial inclusion.
Banking Structure in India:
This presentation helps us to understand the basics of banking in India, its initiation, role and growth over the period of time.
The document provides an overview and outlook of the Indian banking sector in September 2009. It discusses macroeconomic factors like excess liquidity, inflation, GDP growth and interest rates. It then covers differences between developed and emerging markets. The banking sector outlook highlights opportunities for growth in India given low credit penetration. Key risks mentioned are rising NPAs, interest rates and global economic recovery. Performance of public and private sector banks in Q1 2010 and future outlook are also summarized.
India's banking sector is booming, with many banks focusing on retail customers by offering internet, phone, and mobile banking services. This has helped banks tap into India's growing middle class. The sector has seen proliferation of new services and adoption of technologies like ATMs, telephone banking, and online banking. Nationalization in 1969 led to increased branches and higher deposits and loans over time.
1. The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India established in 1935 under the RBI Act. It holds an apex position in the banking structure and performs developmental and promotional functions.
2. Commercial banks accept deposits, provide loans and related services. They include public sector banks like SBI, private sector banks like ICICI and HDFC, foreign banks like Citi and HSBC, and regional rural banks that provide credit to agriculture and rural development.
3. Cooperative banks were established to provide rural credit. They have a three-tier structure with state cooperative banks at the apex level, central cooperative banks at the district level, and primary cooperative banks at the local level.
The document discusses the history of banking in India in three phases:
1) Pre-Nationalization Era - Banking began with indigenous credit instruments and later developed through agency houses. The first presidency banks were established in the 1800s.
2) Nationalization Stage - The State Bank of India was established in 1955 by nationalizing the Imperial Bank of India. In 1969 and 1980, 14 and then 6 more commercial banks were nationalized.
3) Post Liberalization Era - Financial sector reforms began in the 1990s to address issues like regulated interest rates, lack of profit focus and competition that had hindered bank performance. Reforms aimed to make banks more viable and efficient.
This document provides information on several banks in India, including Bank of Baroda, State Bank of India, and Yes Bank. It outlines the founding dates and locations of Bank of Baroda and State Bank of India. Details provided include the current CEO and chairman of Bank of Baroda, its total assets, branch network size, and history of acquisitions and nationalization. Background on State Bank of India's establishment in 1806 and nationalization in 1955 is also presented, along with facts about its logo design and former chairperson.
- The document discusses the banking sector in India. It lists the group members and provides an introduction to the structure and role of the banking sector.
- It outlines the various types of banks in India including commercial banks, cooperative banks, and the Reserve Bank of India. It also discusses the contribution of banking to India's GDP.
- The budget provisions related to banking include bank recapitalization of Rs. 10,000 crores, allowing banks to deduct more from taxes for NPAs, and creating a holding company for government stakes in PSU banks.
A Study on Emerging Challenges & Opportunities for Indian Banking Sectorinventionjournals
Banking sector is treated as a backbone of a nation as it plays multifarious role for the all total growth of a developing country like India. The banking industry in India has a huge canvas of history, which covers the traditional banking Practices from the time of Britishers to the reforms period, nationalization to privatization of banks and now increasing numbers of foreign banks in India. Therefore, Banking in India has been through a long journey. Banking industry in India has also achieved a new height with the changing times. The use of technology has brought a revolution in the working style of the banks. Nevertheless, the fundamental aspects of banking i.e. trust and the confidence of the people on the institution remain the same. Here commercial banks cater to short and medium term financing requirements, while national level and state level financial institutions meet longer-term requirements. Banking industry in India has also achieved anew height with the changing times. Most of banks provide various services such as Mobile banking, SMS & Net banking and ATMs to their customers for their convenience. The use of technology has brought a revolution in the working style of the banks. Banking today has transformed into a technology intensive and customer friendly model with a focus inconvenience. However, changing dynamics of banking business also brings new kind of risk exposure
A Study on Emerging Challenges & Opportunities for Indian Banking Sectorinventionjournals
Banking sector is treated as a backbone of a nation as it plays multifarious role for the all total growth of a developing country like India. The banking industry in India has a huge canvas of history, which covers the traditional banking Practices from the time of Britishers to the reforms period, nationalization to privatization of banks and now increasing numbers of foreign banks in India. Therefore, Banking in India has been through a long journey. Banking industry in India has also achieved a new height with the changing times. The use of technology has brought a revolution in the working style of the banks. Nevertheless, the fundamental aspects of banking i.e. trust and the confidence of the people on the institution remain the same. Here commercial banks cater to short and medium term financing requirements, while national level and state level financial institutions meet longer-term requirements. Banking industry in India has also achieved anew height with the changing times. Most of banks provide various services such as Mobile banking, SMS & Net banking and ATMs to their customers for their convenience. The use of technology has brought a revolution in the working style of the banks. Banking today has transformed into a technology intensive and customer friendly model with a focus inconvenience. However, changing dynamics of banking business also brings new kind of risk exposure.
The document provides an overview of the banking system in India. It discusses the history and nationalization of banks in India. There are currently 88 scheduled commercial banks in India, including 27 public sector banks, 31 private banks, and 38 foreign banks. The document then examines three specific banks - The Jammu & Kashmir Bank Limited, Kotak Mahindra Bank, and The Saraswat Co-operative Bank Limited - comparing their account types, services, and operating policies. Both public and private sector banks in India have grown in recent decades and contributed significantly to the Indian economy.
The document provides a history of banking in India from ancient times through present day. It discusses the key phases in Indian banking history and the current composition of the banking system, including public sector banks, private sector banks, cooperative banks, and development banks. The document also summarizes some of the major opportunities and challenges facing the Indian banking industry, such as interest rate risk, non-performing assets, competition in retail banking, bank mergers and acquisitions, and the impact of Basel II capital adequacy norms.
The document provides a history of banking in India from ancient times through present day. It discusses the key phases in Indian banking history and the current composition of the banking system, including public sector banks, private sector banks, cooperative banks, and development banks. The document also summarizes some of the major opportunities and challenges facing the Indian banking industry, such as interest rate risk, non-performing assets, competition in retail banking, bank mergers and acquisitions, and the impact of Basel II capital adequacy norms.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of banking in India. It discusses the following key points:
1. Banking in India can be broadly classified into commercial banks, cooperative banks, regional rural banks, and foreign banks. The Reserve Bank of India acts as the central bank.
2. The Indian banking system has undergone significant reforms since the early 1990s to increase efficiency and competition. This included reducing reserve requirements, deregulating interest rates, and allowing more private sector and foreign banks.
3. Reforms have helped improve banks' profitability and diversification of services. However, more reforms are still needed to strengthen the system and ensure banks can meet the challenges of globalization.
The document summarizes the Indian banking industry. It discusses the various types of banks and financial institutions in India, including commercial banks (public sector banks, private banks, cooperative banks), long-term lending institutions, non-bank finance companies, foreign banks, cooperative banks, and insurance companies/mutual funds. It provides data on the number of banks/offices/employees and business/profit per employee for public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, and cooperative banks over the period of 2008-2009 to 2012-2013. Overall, the banking industry has grown consistently over the last decade but faced challenges in 2013 from an industrial slowdown and high inflation.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) plays several important roles in the Indian banking system including serving as the central bank, monetary authority, regulator of the banking sector, manager of foreign exchange, and banker to the government. The RBI controls monetary policy, issues currency, grants banking licenses, oversees payment systems, acts as the lender of last resort, and works to modernize and digitize the banking system through initiatives like RuPay.
The document provides information on the upcoming IPO of Punjab & Sind Bank Ltd, a public sector bank in India. Some key details include:
- The IPO will be priced between Rs 113-120 per share and open from December 13-16, 2010 on the NSE and BSE.
- The IPO aims to raise Rs 480 crore by offering 40 million shares, representing 18% of the post-issue capital.
- Punjab & Sind Bank has over 100 years of operations and a network of 926 branches and 63 ATMs predominantly in northern India.
- Key risks include volatility in interest rates impacting net interest income and non-compliance with RBI regulations.
The document discusses the role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in the Indian banking system. It provides an overview of the RBI's history and objectives, which include maintaining price stability, promoting economic growth, and achieving financial stability. The RBI performs various functions like issuing currency, supervising banks, controlling foreign exchange, and implementing monetary policy using tools like bank rates, open market operations, and cash reserve ratios. The RBI also plays a promotional role by developing the money market, directing credit to sectors like agriculture and small industries, and improving credit delivery. Overall, the RBI regulates and oversees the banking system to achieve its goals of financial stability and economic development in India.
This document is a project report submitted by Rajesh Kumar Sitaram to Dr. Ambedkar College of Commerce and Economics in Mumbai, India for his M.Com program in Advanced Accounting in 2013-2014. The report focuses on analyzing various aspects of banks in India such as their roles, functions, governing statutes, non-performing assets, and financial statements. It also provides a case study analysis of home loans offered by HDFC Bank. The project was guided by Prof. Suresh Pujari and aims to provide an overview of the banking sector in India.
This document provides an introduction and overview of a report comparing the non-performing asset (NPA) scenarios of public sector banks (SBI) and private sector banks (HDFC) in India. It includes the report title, authors, department/university, table of contents listing chapters on the banking structure in India, company profiles of SBI and HDFC, data analysis and conclusions. The introduction discusses the banking system in India and provides background on bank nationalization, the Reserve Bank of India, and the Indian Banks' Association.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system, including definitions of key banking terms, the functions and roles of banks, and the history and evolution of banking in India. It describes the different types of banks in India such as public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, cooperative banks, regional rural banks, and specialized banks like NABARD, EXIM Bank, and NHB. It also discusses pre-reforms developments like the lead bank scheme and important milestones in Indian banking.
The Indian banking sector has grown significantly in recent years and is sound and well-regulated according to the Reserve Bank of India. It has shown resilience during economic downturns. There are various types of banks operating in India including public sector banks, private sector banks, foreign banks, and cooperative banks. In recent years, government initiatives like Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana have expanded access to banking and financial inclusion. However, the banking sector still faces challenges in fully meeting the needs of India's growing middle class and expanding access to rural and agricultural customers.
This document provides an overview of retail banking in India. It discusses key concepts related to retail banking such as what constitutes a bank and retail banking. It outlines the various forms of banking in India. It also discusses the Reserve Bank of India and its role in regulating the banking system and monetary policy. The document then covers public sector banks, private sector banks, regional rural banks, and new entities like payments banks in India. It provides historical information on the nationalization of banks and the evolution of the banking sector in India.
This document appears to be a student project report on analyzing working capital in the banking sector, specifically focusing on Jammu & Kashmir Bank. It includes an introduction to the bank, outlining its history and operations. Several chapters are proposed to cover conceptual discussions of working capital, the financials and analysis of working capital at J&K Bank through ratio analysis, funds flow analysis and budgeting. Case studies on working capital management at the bank are also mentioned. The objective is to understand how working capital is managed in corporate banking.
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2. ● BFSI Services - Banking, Financial services and Insurance (BFSI) is an industry term for companies that
provide a range of such financial products/services such as universal banks.
● Financial services the economic services provided by the finance industry, which encompasses a broad range
of businesses that manage money, including credit unions, banks, credit card companies, insurance companies,
accountancy companies, consumer finance companies, stock brokerages, investment funds, real estate funds
and some government sponsored enterprises.
● Banking services is a part of Financial Services that accept deposits from customers and then use that money
to make loans. But these days banks also raise capital from investors or lenders, and then use that money to
invest, buy securities and provide other financial services to customers and their businesses.
BFSI Services
2
3. ● Before the establishment of banks, the financial activities were handled by money lenders and individuals. At
that time the interest rates were very high and there were no security of public savings and no uniformity
regarding loans. So as to overcome such problems the organized banking sector was established, which was
fully regulated by the government.
● The following functions of the bank explain the need of the bank and its importance:
• To provide the security to the savings of customers.
• To control the supply of money and credit
• Encourage public confidence in the working of the financial system, increase savings speedily and efficiently.
• To avoid focus of financial powers in the hands of a few individuals and institutions.
• To set equal norms and conditions (i.e. rate of interest, period of lending etc) to all types of customers
Need of a Bank
3
4. ● The Banks are the main participants of the financial system in India.
● For the past three decades, India’s banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit.
● All the bank's safeguards the money and valuables and provide loans, credit, and payment services, such as
checking accounts, money orders, and cashier’s cheques
Indian Banking Sector at a Glance
4
5. ● 1786 - The first bank in India, The General Bank of India was established.
● The East India Company established Presidency Banks - The Bank of Bengal/Calcutta (1809), Bank of Bombay (1840),
Bank of Madras (1843).
● 1921 - All presidency banks were amalgamated to 22 form the Imperial Bank of India run by European Shareholders.
● 1935 - The Reserve Bank of India was established.
● 1949- To streamline the functioning and activities of commercial banks, the Government of India came up with the Banking
Companies Act.
● 1955 - the Imperial Bank of India was nationalized and was given the name "State Bank of India", to act as the principal
agent of RBI and to handle banking transactions all over the country.
● Till the year 1980 approximately 80% of the banking segment in India was under government’s ownership. On the
suggestions of Narsimhan Committee, the Banking Regulation Act was amended in 1993 and thus the gates for the new
private sector banks were opened.
Indian Banking Sector - History
5
7. Banking Structure of India
● India’s banking industry is classified into scheduled commercial banks and scheduled co-operative banks with
the Reserve Bank of India as the central bank.
7
11. Role of RBI in Indian Economy
● In every country there is one organization which works as the central bank. The function of the central bank of a
country is to control and monitor the banking and financial system of the country.
RBI as the Regulator of Financial System:
● Controlling money supply in the system,
● Monitoring different key indicators like GDP and inflation,
● Maintaining people’s confidence in the banking and financial system, and
● Providing different tools for customers’ help, such as acting as the “Banking Ombudsman.
RBI as the Issuer of Monetary Policy:
● Inflation control
● Control on bank credit
● Interest rate control
11
12. Role of RBI in Indian Economy (ctd.)
RBI as the Controller and Supervisor of Banking Systems:
● Issue Of Licence: Under the Banking Regulation Act 1949, the RBI has been given powers to grant licenses to commence
new banking operations, open new branches for existing banks.
● Foreign Exchange Control: The RBI plays a crucial role in foreign exchange transactions. It does due diligence on every
foreign transaction, including the inflow and outflow of foreign exchange. It takes steps to stop the fall in value of the Indian
Rupee. The RBI also takes necessary steps to control the
● KYC Norms: To curb money laundering and prevent the use of the banking system for financial crimes, The RBI has Know
Your Customer guidelines. Every bank has to ensure KYC norms are applied before allowing someone to open an
account.
● Audit and Inspection: The procedure of audit and inspection is controlled by the RBI through off-site and on-site monitoring
system. On-site inspection is done by the RBI on the basis of “CAMELS”. Capital adequacy; Asset quality; Management;
Earning; Liquidity; System and control.
RBI as the Issuer of Currency:
● Section 22 of the RBI Act gives authority to the RBI to issue currency notes.
● The RBI also takes action to control circulation of fake currency.
12
13. Banking Sector Contribution to Employment in INDIA
● The Banking sector in India has always been one of the most preferred avenues of employment.
● Today, banks have diversified their activities and are getting into new products and services that include
opportunities in credit cards, consumer finance, wealth management, life and general insurance, investment
banking, mutual funds, pension fund regulation, stock broking services, custodian services, private equity, etc.
that provide lot of job opportunities for people.
Analysis:
● By 2013 the Indian Banking Industry employed 1,175,149 employees
● Overall employment levels in the Indian banking system increased at a CAGR of 3.5% during the FY09-FY13
period. The main drivers of these employment trends have been the private sector banks which witnessed a
growth of 8.7% CAGR in their number of employees during the same period.
● Today one in every four bank employees works with a private bank today.
13
14. ● As a result of the hirings, the share of Indian private bank employees in the industry has gone up from 10.76 per cent in
March 2005 to 25.7 per cent at the end of March 2014, with the addition of 203,696 employees during this period.
● On the other hand, public sector banks (PSBs) grew at a CAGR of 2.3% while the foreign banks saw a decline of -3.8%
in the employment levels
14
15. Segmentation and Offering
● Banks offer a wide range of products across retail, wholesale and treasury segments.
15
16. Performance of The Indian Banking System
Number of Banks, Branches and ATMs
● As of 2013 Total number of commercial banks in India are 157
● The given data shows the growing number of Branches and ATMs and their Regional Distribution
16
17. Performance of The Indian Banking System (ctd.)
Market Share
● According to KPMG-CII report, India’s banking and financial sector is expanding rapidly and has the potential to become the
fifth largest banking industry in the world by 2020 and third largest by 2025.
● About 59% population of the country is banked.
● PSBs dominated the banking system with a market share of 72.1% (which declined from 78.2% in FY05) as at end March
2014 distantly followed by NPBs (15.9%), FBs (7.2%) and OPBs (4.9%).
Distribution on Different Sectors
● PSBs Share by 2014 in advances to agriculture, industries, services, retail and other services account for 13.90%, 46.32%,
20.93%, 15.74% and 3.11% respectively.
17
18. Performance of The Indian Banking System (ctd.)
Robust asset growth
● Total Indian banking sector assets has reached USD 1.5 Tn in FY12, with 73 per cent of it being accounted by the public
sector and by FY25 it is estimated to be USD 28.5 Tn
Growing lending and deposit
● Aggregate deposit increased from USD 270 Bn in 2005 to USD
1.1 Tn in 2013 and credit increased from USD 170 Bn to
USD 840 Bn in same period.
● Total banking sector credit is expected to increase at a CAGR*
of 18.1 per cent to USD 2.4 Tn by 2017
● Total lending and deposits have increased at CAGR of 22.8
per cent and 21.2 per cent, respectively, during FY06-13 and
are further poised for growth, backed by demand for housing
and personal finance
18
19. Performance of The Indian Banking System (ctd.)
Non Performing Assets
● NPA is a classification used by financial institutions that refer to loans that are in jeopardy of default. Once the
borrower has failed to make interest or principal payments for 90 days the loan is considered to be a non-
performing asset.
19
23. Analysing Conditions - SWOT
A SWOT analysis of a bank formally evaluates the financial institution’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats This analysis identifies these four main elements to help upper management better leverage its strengths to
take advantage of future business opportunities while better understanding its operation weaknesses to combat threats
to potential growth.
Strength
● The policy makers, which comprise the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Ministry of Finance and related government and
financial sector regulatory entities, have made several notable efforts to improve regulation in the sector and strengthen it.
● These changes include strengthening prudential norms, enhancing the payments system and integrating regulations
between commercial and cooperative banks; deregulation of saving rates
● Bank lending has been a significant driver of GDP growth and employment( domestic credit :77.7%GDP 2013)
● Extensive reach: the vast networking & growing number of branches & ATMs. Indian banking system has reached even to
the remote corners of the country
● Diversification in their operations Banks offer an entire gamut of services including insurance, investment banking, asset
management, private equity foreign exchange, payment of utility bills to customers, mobile and internet banking
● Technological upgradation : through the introduction of IT related products in internet banking, electronic payments,
security investments, information exchanges; diverse services with less manpower.
23
24. Analysing Conditions - SWOT (ctd.)
● In terms of quality of assets and capital adequacy, Indian banks are considered to have clean, strong and transparent
balance sheets relative to other banks in comparable economies in its region.
● Basel 3 Accord :improve the banking sector's ability to absorb shocks arising from financial and economic stress that
improve risk management & governance and strengthen banks' transparency and disclosures. Hence Banks have gained
financial strengths in terms of Productivity and Profitability.
Weakness
● PSBs need to fundamentally strengthen institutional skill levels especially in sales and marketing, service operations, risk
management and the overall organisational performance ethic & strengthen human capital
● Poor customer service , low operating size , High level of nonperforming assets, Inadequate access to global financial
system , Underutilized capacity particularly in rural areas
● Refusal to dilute stake in PSU banks
● The government has refused to dilute its stake in PSU banks below 51% thus choking the headroom available to these
banks for raising equity capital
● NPA major weakness public and private sector banks.may touch 6.5% in june 2015.
24
25. Analysing Conditions - SWOT (ctd.)
Opportunities
● Untapped rural market : .About 80% of the rural households in India have no access to formal lending.
● About 46% of these used informal lending channels, 24% of which resorted to unregulated money lenders
● These unregulated money lenders charge astronomical interest rates on their loans which reflect that there is scope for
cheaper and more formal lending in the rural credit market. The rural economy accounts for more than two-thirds of India's
population and has great untapped potential.
● Increase the profitability by accessing international financial market for procuring funds cheaply and deploy funds
prudently.
● The emerging economies banking sectors are expected to outgrow those in the developed economies.
● India has particularly strong long-term growth potential it could become the third largest domestic banking sector by 2050
after China and the US, but ahead of Japan, the UK and Germany.
● Given the demographic shifts resulting from changes in age profile and household income, consumers will increasingly
demand enhanced institutional capabilities and service levels from banks
● New private banks could reach the next level of their growth in the Indian banking sector by continuing to innovate and
develop differentiated business models Attracting, developing and retaining more leadership capacity.
● Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved a proposal from the government to amend the Banking Regulation Act to permit
banks to trade in commodities and commodity derivatives the Act gives the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to power to license
banks, have regulation over shareholding and voting rights of shareholders
25
26. Analysing Conditions - SWOT (ctd.)
Threats
● Competition from new players. Increase in the number of foreign players would pose a threat to the PSB as well as the
private players
● Competition at global level in terms of product innovation and product mix.
● Keep pace with the fast growing technology.
● Rise in inflation figures which would lead to increase in interest rates.
● The biggest challenge is the re-structuring of the assets of some of the banks as it would be a tedious process, since most
of the banks have poor asset quality
● Demanding customers are ready to jump from one bank to another when they are not satisfied with the service provided.
This causes major threat particularly to PSUs.
● Threat of stability of the system: failure of some weak banks has often threatened the stability of the system
Cyber Threats
● Banks need to start proactively educating their employees and customers to prevent cyber threats from persisting.
● Banks should work on improving of awareness of the different threats that currently exist, including e-mail fraud , phishing
and malware . A notification was sent out by the Reserve Bank of India stating that every bank needs a mandatory CISO
position to be accountable for the risks. Other standards, such as one-time passwords, have helped to protect Indian banks
and their customers
26
27. Analysing Conditions - Economic
● Every year RBI declares its 6 monthly policies and accordingly the various measures and rates are implemented
which has an Impact on banking sector.
● Banking sector is directly related to the growth of the Economy. GDP
● To curb the inflation and slowdown of economy RBI takes various steps like lowering interest rates to increase
the demand in banking sector.
Fiscal Policies
financial inclusion plan
The financial inclusion plan, announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is likely to be launched in two phases.
● The first phase would comprise universal access to banking facilities. Under this, basic bank accounts with zero
balance,RuPay debit card and financial literacy, will have to be completed in the next one year.
● In the second phase (August 2015-2018), micro insurance and unorganised sector pension schemes like
Swavlamban would come along with the banking account. Officials said the inbuilt accident insurance cover of
Rs 1 lakh, death insurance schemes would act as incentives for households to open a bank account.
For 2015-16, Jaitley has aimed to contain the fiscal deficit at 3.9 per cent of the GDP and the revenue deficit at 2.8 per
cent of the GDP in the current fiscal.
27
28. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Cash Reserve Ratio
● It is a certain percentage of bank deposits which banks are required to keep with RBI in the form of reserves
● The money supply in the economy is influenced by CRR.
● Higher the CRR with the RBI lower will be the liquidity in the system.
● The RBI is authorized to vary the CRR between 3% and 15%.
● Currently it is 4%.
Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF):
● Repo Rate(7.25): Repo rate is the rate at which the RBI lends short-
term money to the banks against securities. When the repo rate
increases borrowing from RBI becomes more expensive.
● Reverse Repo Rate(6.25): The rate at which RBI borrows from
commercial banks
28
29. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Investment Policies
● Bank may invest its surplus funds in any commercial, private & cooperative Banks.
● Mandatory Investment:In terms of mandatory requirement of Banking Regulation Act, it is compulsory to invest
minimum 3% as Cash Reserve Fund (CRR) & 25% as Statutory Liquid Reserve.
● Principles of Tax-Exemption of Investments: Finally, the investment policy of a bank should be based on the
principle of tax exemption of investments. The bank should invest in those government securities which are
exempted from income and other taxes. This will help the bank to increase its profits.
● Govt. has provided some securities which are exempted from tax. The bank should invest in those securities
which are exempted from income and other taxes. This will help the bank to increase its profits.
29
30. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Investment Policies: FDI
● A foreign bank or its wholly owned subsidiary regulated by a financial sector regulator in the host country can
now invest up to 100% in an Indian private sector bank.
● Other foreign investors can invest up to 74% in an Indian private sector bank, through direct or portfolio
investment.
● The new FDI norms will not apply to PSU banks, where the FDI ceiling is still capped at 20%.
ICICI not Indian Owned
● ICICI Bank was originally promoted in 1994 by ICICI Limited, an Indian financial institution, and was its wholly-
owned subsidiary.
● ICICI's shareholding in ICICI Bank was further reduced to 46% through a public offering of shares in India in
fiscal 1998.
● As the direct and indirect foreign holdings in ICICI Bank and HDFC are around 67% and 73% respectively, they
will be not be treated as Indian institutions.
30
31. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Monetary Policies
Statutory liquidity ratio (SLR):
● Every financial institution has to maintain a certain quantity of liquid assets with themselves at any point of time of their
total time and demand liabilities. These assets have to be kept in non cash form such as G-secs precious metals, approved
securities like bonds etc. The ratio of the liquid assets to time and demand liabilities is termed as the Statutory liquidity
ratio.
● The reduction in SLR enhances the liquidity of commercial banks.
● The maximum limit of SLR is 40% and minimum limit of SLR is 0 In
India, Reserve Bank of India always determines the percentage of SLR.
● There was a reduction of SLR from 38.5% to 25% because of the
suggestion by Narasimham Committee. The current SLR is 21.5%(w.e.f.
03/02/15).
31
32. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Bank Rate:
● Bank Rate is the rate at which central bank of the country
(in India it is RBI) allows finance to commercial banks.
● Bank Rate is a tool, which central bank uses for short-
term purposes.
● Any upward revision in Bank Rate by central bank is an
indication that banks should also increase deposit rates
as well as Base Rate / Benchmark Prime Lending Rate.
32
33. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Open Market Operations
● An open market operation is an instrument of monetary policy which involves buying or selling of government securities from or to
the public and banks. The RBI sells government securities to control the flow of credit and buys government securities to increase
credit flow. Open market operation makes bank rate policy effective and maintains stability in government securities market.
Deployment in Credits
● The RBI has taken various measures to deploy credit in different sector of the economy. The certain %age of the bank
credit has been fixed for various sectors like agriculture, export etc.
33
34. Analysing Conditions - Economic (ctd.)
Credit Ceiling
● In this operation RBI issues prior information or direction that loans to the commercial banks will be given up to a certain
limit. In this case commercial bank will be tight in advancing loans to the public. They will allocate loans to limited sectors.
Few example of ceiling are agriculture sector advances, priority sector lending.
Moral Suasion
● It is just as a request by the RBI to the commercial banks to take so and so action and measures in so and so trend of the
economy. RBI may request commercial banks not to give loans for unproductive purpose which does not add to economic
growth but increases inflation.
34
35. Analysing Conditions - Non Economic
Political Factors
● Includes political system, government policies and its attitude towards business community.
● Stability of government also affect business activities.
Swavalamban Yojana
● seeks to provide pension scheme to the unorganised sector in India.
Sukanya Samriddhi :
● Girl children scheme in which handing over passbooks to five year girls who have opened bank accounts under the
scheme and 9.1 per cent interest rate for the scheme for 2014-2015.
● Consumers need to have bank account to join the PAHAL scheme and to receive LPG subsidy.
Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana
● (PMJDY) is a scheme made to benefit comman man by opening zero balanace bank account.In this scheme accidental
cover of 1 lac and life insurance of 30000 is given
35
36. Analysing Conditions - Non Economic (ctd.)
Demographic Factors
● Change in lifestyle: lifestyle in india is changing rapidly and demanding high class products therefore they will
start taking loans from banks to fulfill their demands.
Aging population:
● As aging population is increasing demand for medical insurance ,pension plans or retirement fund plan are
increasing. the elderly population in 2009 was approximately 88 million and is expected to sharply increase to
more than 315 million by 2050.
Young population:
● As young population is increasing demand for loan,saving, are increasing. With 356 million 10-24 year-olds,
India has the world's largest youth population despite having a smaller population than China.
36
37. Analysing Conditions - Non-Economic (ctd.)
Socio-Cultural Factors
● It includes cultural aspect and health consciousness ,career attitudes and emphasis on safety.
● Change in lifestyle:lifestyle in india is changing rapidly and demanding high class products therefore they will
start taking loans from banks to fulfill their demands.
● No of festivals: more no of people are taking loans
● Literacy rate:Illiterate people hesitate to transact with
banks. As literacy rate is increasing banking transact will
increase. Literacy in India is a key for socio-economic
progress, and the Indian literacy rate has grown to
74.04% (2011 figure) from 12% at the end of British rule
in 1947.
37
38. Analysing Conditions - Non-Economic (ctd.)
Technological Factors
● Automated teller machine: The use of atm and internet banking has allowed ‘anytime ,anywhere banking’
facilities and has encouraged customers to use banking.
● Credit card facility has encouraged era of cashless society and has encouraged customers to use credit and
debit card.
● It services & mobile banking: technology advancement has changed the face of traditional banking. technology
advancement has offer 24*7 banking even giving faster and secured service.
Legal Factors
● The Banking Regulation Act, 1949 is a legislation in India that regulates all banking firms in India
● The Export-Import Bank of India Act,1981:An Act to establish a corporation to be known as the Export-Import Bank of
India for providing financial assistance to exporters and importers
● The Small Industries Development Bank of India Act, 1989: An Act to establish the Small Industries Development Bank
of India as the principal financial institution for the promotion, financing and development of industry in the small-scale
sector.
38
39. Banking Current Affairs 2015
● The RBI has allowed third-party white label automated teller machines (ATM) to accept international cards, including
international prepaid cards, and said white label ATMs can now tie up with any commercial bank for cash supply.
● The RBI has allowed banks to become insurance brokers, permitting them to sell policies of different insurance firms
subject to certain conditions.
● The RBI has allowed bonds issued by multilateral financial institutions like World Bank Group, the Asian Development
Bank and the African Development Bank in India as eligible securities for interbank borrowing.
● The RBI has decided to allow nominated banks to import gold, including coins, on a consignment basis, extending its
clarification issued in November 2014, which had eased certain categories of gold imports.
● The Government has announced a capital infusion of Rs 6,990 crore (US$ 1.1 billion) in nine state run banks, including
State Bank of India (SBI) and Punjab National Bank (PNB), but based on new efficiency parameters such as return on
assets and return on equity.
● The Union cabinet has approved the establishment of the US$ 100 billion New Development Bank (NDB)
envisaged by the five-member BRICS group
39
40. Challenges for The Indian Banking System
The banks are the lifelines of the economy and play a catalytic role in activating and sustaining economic growth,
especially, in developing countries and India is no exception. Our banking system, at the present juncture is, however,
facing significant challenges from several quarters.
Capital Adequacy of Banks:
● Concerns have been raised about the ability of our banks to raise additional capital to support their business.
● For the system as a whole, the CRAR has been steadily declining and as at the end of March 2015, it stood at 12.70% as
against 13.01% as at the end of March 2014.
● Our concerns are larger in respect of the PSBs where the CRAR has declined further to 11.24% from 11.40% over the last
year.
Revision to the Priority Sector Lending Guidelines:
● The banks are now required to progressively achieve 8% of lending to Small and Marginal Farmers and 7.5% to the micro
enterprises among the MSEs in a phased manner.
Global Banking and Intense Competition:
● If we look at the Indian Banking Industry, then we find that there are 36 foreign banks operating in India,which becomes a
major challenge for Nationalized and private sector banks.
40
41. Challenges for The Indian Banking System (ctd.)
Privacy and Security:
● Concerns have been raised about the ability of our banks to raise additional capital to support their business.Credit Card
Forgery, Cyber Security.
● The instances of fake e-mails soliciting unsuspecting customers to make payments to certain bank accounts as a precursor
to receiving prize or lottery winnings from abroad, have become quite rampant.
Technology and its Impact:
● PSBs are not able to cop up with the fast moving technology and thus they are losing their customer share to the private
Banks. The challenge before the PSBs is to upscale their capabilities, train their employees on the new technologies to
benefit from the possibilities that adoption of technology can open up.
Rural Capital:
● Banking in India is generally fairly mature in terms of supply, product range and reach, even though reach in rural India still
remains a challenge for the private sector and foreign banks. As per Census 2011, 58.7% households (67.8% urban &
54.4% rural ) are availing banking services in the country. Thus, a significant proportion of the households, especially in
rural areas, are still outside the formal fold of the banking system.
41
42. Global Banking Outlook
● The retail banking segment registered significant growth during 2006-2011 and has excellent potential to grow at an even
more rapid pace over the forecast period.
● Europe dominates the global banking industry with 43% of total market share.
● The Asia Pacific banking industry, however, grew much faster than both the European and North American regions during
2006-2011. Rising per capita income in the region is expected to drive consumer savings and investment in banking
sector.
● The massive unbanked population in India and China offers immense opportunity for banking companies. The North
American banking industry is anticipated to grow modestly in the near term.
● Rising middle class populations and escalating household incomes in emerging markets provide substantial opportunity for
global banks. Rapid technological advances are leading to dramatic shifts in the banking industry as the processing cost
per transaction is approaching zero while simultaneously improving efficiency. These advantages are likely to increase
trading volumes at the institutional level.
42
43. International Banking Institutions
● International banking and financial organizations exist to encourage economic and financial stability, help facilitate trade,
and help with economic development.
The World Bank:
● It was originally formed shortly after World War II in an effort to rebuild the economies of war-torn countries, but its mission
is now global in scope.
● The World Bank is actually comprised of two institutions. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD), which provides low-interest and no-interest loans to developing countries who cannot get financing elsewhere.
● The other part of the World Bank is the International Development Association, or IDA. The IDA was started in 1960. It
works with the IBRD and focuses its efforts on the poorest countries in the world.
International Monetary Fund:
● The International Monetary Fund, commonly referred to as the IMF was created in 1944 and currently has about 188
member countries.
● One goal of the IMF is to promote international cooperation on international monetary policy.
● The IMF also tries to encourage the expansion of international trade and promote currency exchange stability. Currency
exchange rate stability means that the value of one currency in relation to another is fairly stable.
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44. Banking Facts - Globally
● The global banking industry faces short-term uncertainty due to the debt crises that challenge several major
economies, but total industry assets are forecast to climb to an estimated US $163,058 billion in 2017 with a
CAGR of 8% over the next five years.
● In the recent years the banking industry assets in the emerging markets of the Latin America region and Asia-
Pacific grew the most in 2012, at 20.5% and 9.5%, respectively. In contrast to this, while North America grew by
6.1%, during the same period Europe declined marginally by 0.5%
● As per latest data there are more than 5,498 banks active in 138 host countries for the period 1995-2013, of
which 3,853 were active in 2013.
● Worldwide, 62% of adults now have an account at a formal financial institution (such as a bank) or a mobile
money account, up from 51% in 2011.
● The assets of the largest 1,000 banks in the world reached USD 96.4 trillion in 2009.
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45. Banking Facts - Globally (ctd.)
● This chart shows the banking sector in terms of assets as a percentage of GDP for several continents. What
stands out, are the extremely large banking sectors in European countries. (Aug 2013 Data)
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46. Next Decade Trends
● The next decade in banking will see both evolution and revolution. Banks must reinvent themselves, not just to respond to
the pressures of today, but to be flexible enough to adapt to the world of tomorrow.
● The Transformation is necessary because banks face an array of stakeholder pressures. They must find a way to deliver
improved performance for investors who have tired of high volatility but low returns on equity.
New markets: the emerging will have emerged:
● By 2030, many markets currently dubbed emerging or growth markets will have reached maturity. In Asia, Latin America
and Africa, a new set of high-growth markets will have taken their place.
Customer relationships (more personal, greater trust):
● Customers are taking more control of their financial relationships, and this trend is unlikely to change. By 2030, banks will
deepen their personal connections with customers via data analysis techniques that might seem fantastic by today’s
standards.
Trade flows:
● Because most trade takes place within regions, global banks will need to leverage the expertise of strong regional
partners..
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47. Next Decade Trends (ctd.)
Changing Workforce:
● Working patterns and employee expectations are changing, particularly for a new generation entering the workforce for the
first time. Banks would have to bring transformations such that Banking Job become more Glamoured and High-Tech.
Technology Reshaping Business:
● In the past decade, technology has completely transformed banking. Over the next decade, it will continue to do so. This is
critical to drive efficiency, productivity and speed to market. Banks should focus on Smartphone penetration and other
factors like Digital Payments.
Payments (new markets and new models):
● Technology is changing the payments segment of the banking industry at an extraordinary rate.
● Competition from Nonbank Payment Service Providers offering services like mobile banking.
● Customer demand for quicker, cheaper, anytime/anywhere payments.
● More transactions managed through exchanges affected by regulation of over-the-counter derivatives.
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48. Next Decade Trends (ctd.)
A new era of Competition:
● Expansion in the emerging markets would be complicated. Due to the Domestic players dominancy in most of these
countries, international banks must consider what more they can offer customers and how they can differentiate
themselves from local institutions. Furthermore, many emerging markets are hard to operate in — with legal and regulatory
frameworks that do not suit large global banks So International Banks need to challenge these competition through the
Merger and Acquisition Strategies, so that they can bring on board their technology and efficiency to these well connected
Domestics Banks.
Financing Energy Sector:
● Political and environmental factors related to energy production, combined with new technology, will require new financial
products. These are likely to encompass financing and fundraising support for large energy projects.
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49. Next Decade Trends (ctd.)
Demographics (an older, more urban generation):
● Demographics will drive the future of banking. Forecasts indicate that global inhabitants will surpass 8 billion by 2030, a
population that will be ever more elderly. New banking business models will be needed to serve this aging, and
increasingly urban, demographic.
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50. Conclusion
● The pre and post liberalization era has witnessed various environmental changes which directly affects the
aforesaid phenomena. It is evident that post liberalization era has spread new colours of growth in India, but
simultaneously it has also posed some challenges
● The biggest challenge for banking industry is to serve the mass and huge market of India. Companies have
become customer centric than product centric. The better we understand our customers, the more successful we
will be in meeting their needs
● Apart from traditional banking services, Indian banks must adopt some product innovation so that they can
compete in gamut of competition. Technology up gradation is an inevitable aspect to face challenges.
● Also in coming decades we may be able to see Indian Banking Sector rise to top positions. For Indian Banks like
ICICI and SBI which are ambitious about going globally by setting up branches in China, it’s important for them
to start adopting expansion strategies of Foreign Banks.
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