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Sections Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Medication
- Follow-up
- Questions & Answers
- Media Gallery
- References
Medical Care
The approach to treatment includes identification of comorbid conditions; preventive measures to reduce the risk of infection; and prompt, rigorous, and effective treatment of infections. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery can frequently help relieve chronic obstruction and promote drainage. Tympanostomy tubes may also be helpful in reducing the risk of decreased hearing and secondary defective speech development in children with chronic suppurative otitis related to antibody deficiency.
Surgical Care
Some patients with recurrent sinusitis require surgical interventions to promote drainage.
Consultations
See the list below:
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Rheumatologist
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Otolaryngologist
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Allergist/immunologist
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Pulmonologist
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Gastroenterologist
Diet
Dietary modifications may be necessary to manage chronic diarrhea and malabsorption or food allergy. A gluten-free diet and, possibly, other restricted diets are important for treatment in patients with celiac disease or who have IgG antibodies to animal proteins in milk or other foods.
Activity
A priori restrictions are not necessary, but patients with chronic lung disease may have decreased exercise tolerance.
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Chest radiograph of a 50-year-old man with immunoglobulin A deficiency and severe bilateral pneumonia. He also had congenital heart disease. Serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M levels were normal.
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Lateral chest radiograph of a 50-year-old man with immunoglobulin A deficiency and severe bilateral pneumonia.
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Portable chest radiograph of a 50-year-old man with acute respiratory distress syndrome as a complication of severe bilateral pneumonia. The patient died from respiratory failure 2 days after this x-ray film was taken.
Tables
Marina Y Dolina, MD Consulting Physician, Wellspan Lung, Sleep and Critical Care Consultants and Pulmonary Services, York Hospital, Wellspan Health System
Marina Y Dolina, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American Medical Association, American Thoracic Society, Pennsylvania Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Rebecca Bascom, MD, MPH Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Milton S Hershey Medical Center; Graduate Faculty Member, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences
Rebecca Bascom, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: American Thoracic Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.
Michael R Simon, MD, MA Clinical Professor Emeritus, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont University School of Medicine; Adjunct Staff, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital
Michael R Simon, MD, MA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, Michigan Allergy and Asthma Society, Michigan State Medical Society, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
Disclosure: Have a 5% or greater equity interest in: Secretory IgA, Inc. ; siRNAx, Inc.<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: siRNAx, Inc.
Michael A Kaliner, MD Clinical Professor of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine; Medical Director, Institute for Asthma and Allergy
Michael A Kaliner, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, American Association of Immunologists, American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, American Society for Clinical Investigation, American Thoracic Society, Association of American Physicians
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Melvin Berger, MD, PhD Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University; Senior Medical Director, Clinical Research and Development, CSL Behring, LLC
Melvin Berger, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Immunologists, American Pediatric Society, American Society for Clinical Investigation, Clinical Immunology Society
Disclosure: Received salary from CSL Behring for employment; Received ownership interest from CSL Behring for employment; Received consulting fee from America''s Health insurance plans for subject matter expert for clinical immunization safety assessment network acvtivity of cdc.
The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Bettina C Hilman, MD, to the development and writing of this article.
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Sections Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
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