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The level of precipitation in the coastal towns & islands of the Hormozgan province is very low, but the relative humidity so high that wets the soil at below dew point temperatures and could therefore be utilized for relieving the water shortage, to some extents by employing water harvesting systems from fog & air moisture. The inhabitants of Qeshm Island have made efforts from the ancient times to collect air moisture along rainwater gathering. The reminders of these efforts are 366 small wells drilled in stone, which are now a tourist attraction. This method is also applied today in a less elaborate manner. This research has been carried out to study the feasibility of water harvesting from fog and air moisture in the coastal towns and islands of the Hormozgan province of Iran on the northern shores of the Persian Gulf. To examine the potential water in the atmosphere, the data from Bandar Abbass synoptic station with a statistical period of 1961-2005 was reviewed and the humidit...
Irrigation and Drainage
Water Harvesting from Fog and Air Humidity in the Warm and Coastal Regions in the South of Iran2013 •
Water Supply
Potential of harvesting water from fog and dew water over semi-arid and arid regions in Syria2021 •
Water is a significant primary resource on the Earth's surface. Fresh water is essential for human beings and for the stability and sustainable development of any nation. Many regions in the interior of Syria have an insufficient water balance. This has caused severe shortages of freshwater as a result of climate change. Syria's main source of fresh water, rivers and groundwater, suffers from low levels due to the lack of rainfall amounts. The war in Syria exacerbated water stress, in particular the effects of the war on water sources such as the Euphrates River and the ‘Feijah’ source that feeds the capital Damascus. All of this has prompted us to seek other non-traditional sources such as atmospheric water, which is a renewable and relatively clean source. This paper is considered to be the first of its kind in Syria. Experimental results from semi-arid and arid regions have shown good potential for harvesting dew and fog water as a supplementary and complementary source t...
The Republic of Yemen is located in an arid to semi-arid region. Rainfall rates range from none at certain parts of the country to about 400 mm/yr in its mountainous parts. Rainfall has been harvested and collected in cisterns existed in the mountainous region for generations. In the dry season (October-February), and after the stored water is consumed, people, mainly women and children, have to travel long distances down wadis to fetch water from the nearest water source, which is often not suitable for human consumption. This is the case in the western mountainous region, namely Hajja Governorate, which heavily depends on rainwater for drinking, animal watering, domestic uses and irrigation. However, during the dry season this region experiences foggy conditions. A fog collection field study was carried out in this region to investigate the potential of providing an alternative source for water supply during the dry season. The study consisted of installing 26 standard fog collectors (SFC) of one m² of polypropylene mesh at 19 sites in Hajja, and measuring the daily fogwater amounts collected during the period from 1 January 2003 to 31 March 2003. The results indicated that fog collectors located closest to the red sea with an elevation ranged between 2000-2200 m.a.s.l. and winds from the west direction have produced the highest water output, reaching a maximum of about 4.5 liters per square meter of mesh per day over the three winter months period. The conclusion drawn is that though this technique is cheap, simple and promising, more investigations are still needed on the various parameters contributing to fog collection, such as, relative humidity, temperature, and SFCs technologies.
Water and Environment Journal
Fog collection as a source of fresh water supply in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia2007 •
In order to harvest water contained in fog, the topographical features and the climatic conditions of 27 cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were studied. The topography, altitude and orientation are some of the factors that determined the selection of the site. It was identified that the southwest of the region in the kingdom was the most suitable location for the fog-collection process. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of fog water collection and the site, three identical standard fog collectors (SFCs) with two different local collection materials were designed and manufactured. Experiments were conducted at two different locations in the area close to Abha, namely Soodha. The maximum amount of water collected was 22.9 L/m2 in a day and 7.25 L/m2 in a 2-h period. It was found that there was a high probability of fog when the relative humidity was higher than 95%. The results from the chemical analyses of eight sets of fog water samples collected were compared with World Health Organization drinking water standards. It was found that the level of heavy metals was negligible and the level of Fe was marginally high for the first flush only. The study indicates that in terms of both quality and magnitude of yield, fog is a viable source of water and can be successfully used to supplement water supplies in the fog-prone regions of the kingdom.
Water and Environment Journal
Investigation of humidity harvest as an alternative water source in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Humidity harvest as an alternative water source2009 •
In order to harvest water present in a humid atmosphere, a suitable absorber/desorber was designed. Experiments were conducted in Dhahran to measure the water absorption rate in the nighttime and the water desorption rate in the daytime. It was found that the water absorption rate was 2.11 L/m2/day and the water desorption rate was 1.15 L/m2/day depending on the desiccant flow rate. In order to assess the feasibility of the system, the unit was tested continuously in the nighttime as well as in the daytime and the results are reported in this paper. The chemical characteristics of a set of water samples collected were analysed and the water collected was found to meet most of the World Health Organization drinking water standards. The problem associated with this technology is the mixing of dust and dirt with the desiccant solution, and the fact that a small pump is required to circulate the solution.
Aerosol and Air Quality Research
Simplified Modeling and Analysis of the Fog Water Harvesting System in the Asir Region of the Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaWater Productivity Journal
Fog water harvesting investigation as a water supply resource in arid and semi-arid areas2021 •
In view of high population growth and water resources deficit in arid and semiarid area and groundwater resources shortage in mountainous area, there is an urgent need to identify the alternative sources of potable water. Fog is one of such sources of water. Although fog water yielding potential is largely ignored by water authorities, it was used extensively in ancient times and promoted the water productivity. The objective of this research is to review the fog collection in Yemen and South Africa. In El Tofo Mountain in Chagungo (Chile), 75 fog collectors were erected. According to the reports, production rates vary from zero on a clear day to maximum of 100000 liter per day. With this arrangement, each of the 330 villagers received about 33 liter of clean water per person per day. Geographical and climate characteristics, droplets distribution, and fog density need to be evaluated and are crucial factors for success of fog water harvesting project. Chemical and microbial studies...
2013 •
Earth's atmosphere contains billion cubic meters of fresh water, which is considerable as a reliable water resource, especially insultry areas. Water is produced from air conditioners, with no cost, as a by-product. This cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the quantity and chemical quality of water obtained from Bandar Abbas air conditioners; at intervals beginning of March to early December period. Sixty six samples were taken in cluster random plan. To collect samples, Bandar Abbas was divided into four clusters; based on distance from the shore and their population densities. Water analysis was based on chemical tests as: turbidity, alkalinity, total hardness, dissolved solids and electrical conductivity. Meanwhile sample quantity measurements were performed. Obtained water had slightly acidic pH, near to neutral range. Total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total hardness and alkalinity of extracted water were in very low ranges. In average, each air co...
Archeologické výzkumy v jižních Čechách
DEPOT Z DRŽOVA (OKR. PÍSEK) Příspěvek k poznání spon mladší a pozdní doby bronzové v jižních Čechách2023 •
Shri Ram Charit Bhavan, Houston, USA
Evolution of Linguistic Adaptation in Mythological Narratives of Ramayana2024 •
2016 •
Bartın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi
Okul Yöneticilerinin Eğitimde Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri Kullanımına Yönelik Öz-Yeterlik Formunun GeliştirilmesiĐe thuong sau bao lau thi xuat vien đuoc
Đe thuong sau bao lau thi xuat vien đuoc2024 •
Journal of Limnology
A place in space - the horizontal vs vertical factors that influence zooplankton (Rotifera, Crustacea) communities in a mesotrophic lake2019 •
2021 •
npj Vaccines
Effects of persistent modulation of intestinal microbiota on SIV/HIV vaccination in rhesus macaques2021 •
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Theory of oxygen 1s resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy in copper-based oxides2001 •
Revista Cubana De Reumatologia Rcur
Formación de hueso nuevo y Espondilitis Anquilosante