Assessing chemical risks in food

Chemicals can end up in food either intentionally added for a technological purpose (e.g. food additives), or through environmental pollution of the air, water and soil. Chemicals in food are a worldwide health concern and are a leading cause of trade obstacles.

WHO develops scientific risk assessments to define safe exposure levels which form the basis for the development of national and international food safety standards to protect the health of the consumers and ensure fair trade practices. 

1 in 10 people

fall ill

after eating contaminated food worldwide

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US$ 110 billion

lost each year

in productivity and medical expenses resulting from unsafe food in low- and middle income countries

World Bank report

420 000 people

die every year

due to eating contaminated food globally, of which 125 000 are children under 5 years of age.

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Publications

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Risk assessment of food allergens: part 5: review and establish threshold levels for specific tree nuts (‎Brazil nut, macadamia nut or Queensland nut, pine nut)‎, soy, celery, lupin, mustard, buckwheat, and oats: meeting report

In Part 2 of the Ad hoc Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Food Allergens, reference doses (RfDs) were recommended for the global...

Countdown to 2023: progress of selected international food and beverage companies towards eliminating industrially produced trans-fatty acids from the global food supply

In support of the WHO’s goal of eliminating industrially produced trans-fatty acids (iTFA) from the global food supply by 2023, 11 members...

Report of a series of expert meetings on developing WHO global sodium benchmarks, November 2020 – April 2021

In order to help drive progress towards the global target to reduce mean population sodium intake by 30% by 2025 for the prevention and control...

Whole genome sequencing as a tool to strengthen foodborne disease surveillance and response: module 1: introductory module

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a laboratory technique that has the potential to change how we detect and monitor microbial hazards in the food chain,...

Documents

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JECFA 97 summary and conclusions pub cover

The Ninety-seventh meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Executive Committee on Food Additives was held in Rome from 31 October to 9 November 2023. The purpose...

JECFA’s risk assessment of titanium dioxide risk released – background information pub cover

Assessment of the health impacts of the food colour additive titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been released by the and the World Health Organization (WHO) and...

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption publication cover

In October 2023, FAO and WHO held a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation to update the Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits...

The following extracts of the results of the 2023 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) are provided to make them accessible to interested...

Databases on chemical risks

Scientific advice is based on recognized expertise, robust methodologies and international data. WHO collects data and information both from national competent institutions and from FAO/WHO scientific committees. According to a recent resolution of the World Health Assembly, WHO is facilitating data access to experts and food safety professionals.

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Related fact sheets