BitConverter Class

The BitConverter class helps manipulate value types in their fundamental form, as a series of bytes. A byte is defined as an 8-bit unsigned integer. The BitConverter class includes static methods to convert each of the primitive types to and from an array of bytes, as the following table illustrates.

If you use BitConverter methods to round-trip data, make sure that the GetBytes overload and the ToType method specify the same type. As the following example illustrates, restoring an array that represents a signed integer by calling the ToUInt32 method can result in a value that is different from the original. For more information, see the entry Working with Signed Non-Decimal and Bitwise Values in the BCL Team Blog.

The order of bytes in the array returned by the GetBytes method overloads (as well as the order of bits in the integer returned by the DoubleToInt64Bits method and the order of hexadecimal strings returned by the ToString(array<Byte>) method) depends on whether the computer architecture is little-endian or big-endian. Similarly, the order of bytes in the array and returned by the ToIntegerValue methods and the ToChar method depends on whether the computer architecture is little-endian or big-endian. The endianness of an architecture is indicated by the IsLittleEndian property, which returns true on little-endian systems and false on big-endian systems. On little-endian systems, lower-order bytes precede higher-order bytes. On big-endian system, higher-order bytes precede lower-order bytes. The following table illustrates the difference in the byte arrays that result from passing the integer 1,234,567,890 (0x499602D2) to the GetBytes(Int32) method. The bytes are listed in order from the byte at index 0 to the byte at index 3.

Because the return value of some methods depends on system architecture, be careful when transmitting byte data beyond machine boundaries:

• If all systems sending and receiving data are guaranteed to have the same endianness, nothing has be done to the data.

• If systems sending and receiving data can have different endianness, always transmit data in a particular order. This means that the order of bytes in the array may have to be reversed either before sending them or after receiving them. A common convention is to transmit data in network byte order (big-endian order). The following example provides an implementation for sending an integer value in network byte order.

  C#

  VB

  C++

  Copy

  No code example is currently available or this language may not be supported.

• If systems sending and receiving data can have different endianness and the data to be transmitted consists of signed integers, call the IPAddress::HostToNetworkOrder method to convert the data to network byte order and the IPAddress::NetworkToHostOrder method to convert it to the order required by the recipient.

The following code example illustrates the use of several BitConverter class methods.

// Example of BitConverter class methods.
using namespace System;
int main()
{
   String^ formatter = "{0,25}{1,30}";
   double aDoubl = 0.1111111111111111111;
   float aSingl = 0.1111111111111111111F;
   __int64 aLong = 1111111111111111111;
   int anInt = 1111111111;
   short aShort = 11111;
   __wchar_t aChar = L'*';
   bool aBool = true;
   Console::WriteLine( "This example of methods of the BitConverter class"
   "\ngenerates the following output.\n" );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, "argument", "byte array" );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, "--------", "----------" );

   // Convert values to Byte arrays and display them.
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aDoubl, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aDoubl ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aSingl, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aSingl ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aLong, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aLong ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, anInt, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( anInt ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aShort, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aShort ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aChar, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aChar ) ) );
   Console::WriteLine( formatter, aBool, BitConverter::ToString( BitConverter::GetBytes( aBool ) ) );
}

/*
This example of methods of the BitConverter class
generates the following output.

                 argument                    byte array
                 --------                    ----------
        0.111111111111111       1C-C7-71-1C-C7-71-BC-3F
                0.1111111                   39-8E-E3-3D
      1111111111111111111       C7-71-C4-2B-AB-75-6B-0F
               1111111111                   C7-35-3A-42
                    11111                         67-2B
                        *                         2A-00
                     True                            01
*/

.NET Framework

.NET Framework Client Profile

Portable Class Library

Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 or later, Windows XP SP3, Windows XP SP2 x64 Edition, Windows Server 2008 (Server Core not supported), Windows Server 2008 R2 (Server Core supported with SP1 or later), Windows Server 2003 SP2

Reference