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Cladosporium

Other Pathogenic Fungi

Photomicrograph of Cladosporium

Cladosporium is a mold that is common in the environment. Outdoors, it can be found on plants and other organic matter. Indoors, Cladosporium is common in the air and on surfaces such as wallpaper or carpet, particularly where moisture is present. Cladosporium is a very rare cause of human illness, but it has been known to cause several different types of infections, including skin, eye, sinus, and brain infections. Cladosporium has also been associated with allergies and asthma.

Cladosporium has been identified in clinical specimens as one of the pathogens in the multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis and other fungal infections associated with contaminated steroid injections.

References

  • Bouziane H, Latge JP, Fitting C, Mecheri S, Lelong M, David B. Comparison of the allergenic potency of spores and mycelium of Cladosporium. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2005;33(3):125-30.
  • de Hoog GS, Gueho E, Masclaux F, Gerrits van den Ende AH, Kwon-Chung KJ, McGinnis MR. Nutritional physiology and taxonomy of human-pathogenic Cladosporium-Xylohypha species. J Med Vet Mycol 1995;33(5):339-47.
  • Dixon DM, Walsh TJ, Merz WG, McGinnis MR. Infections due to Xylohypha bantiana (Cladosporium trichoides). Rev Infect Dis. 1989 Jul-Aug;11(4):515-25.
  • Fairs A, Wardlaw AJ, Thompson J, Pashley CH. Guidelines on ambient intramural airborne fungal spores. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2010;20(6):490-8.
  • Garg N, Devi IB, Vajramani GV, et al. Central nervous system cladosporiosis: an account of ten culture-proven cases. Neurol India. 2007 Jul-Sep;55(3):282-8.
  • Kantarcioglu AS, Yucel A, de Hoog GS. Isolation of Cladosporium cladosporioides from cerebrospinal fluid. Mycoses. 2002;45(11-12):500-3.
  • Knutsen AP, Bush RK, Demain JG et al. Fungi and allergic lower respiratory tract diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Feb;129(2):280-91; quiz 292-3.
  • Patterson JW Warren NG, Kelly LW. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Cladophialophora bantiana. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Feb;40(2 Pt 2):364-6.
  • Polack FM, Siverio C, Bresky RH. Corneal chromomycosis: double infection by Phialophora verrucosa (Medlar) and Cladosporium cladosporioides (Frescenius). Ann Ophthalmol. 1976;8(2):139-44.
  • Romano C, Bilenchi R, Alessandrini C, Miracco C. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladosporium oxysporum. Mycoses. 1999;42(1-2):111-5.
  • Yano S, Koyabashi K, Kato K. Intrabronchial lesion due to Cladosporium sphaerospermum in a healthy, non-asthmatic woman. Mycoses. 2003;46(8):348-50.

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