Battle of Bannockburn, (June 23–24, 1314), decisive battle in Scottish history, whereby the Scots under Robert the Bruce defeated the English under Edward II, regained their independence, and established Bruce on his throne as Robert I. By the time of the battle, all Scotland had been cleared of English troops with the exception of Stirling Castle, which the governor had promised to surrender if not relieved by June 24. To meet the large army that Edward II had collected for this purpose, Bruce assembled his smaller force first at Torwood and then at the new park, a mile or two south of ... (100 of 424 words)