The difference between psychologists and psychiatrists

Psychologists and psychiatrists both work in the area of mental health, and often work together. However, there are some significant differences between the two professions in the following areas.

Education and qualifications

Psychologists study human behaviour in their undergraduate and postgraduate degrees before undertaking supervised experience and gaining registration. They do not have a medical degree; however, many have postgraduate qualifications in various aspects of psychology, including mental illness.

• Read about the qualifications of APS psychologists

Psychiatrists have a medical degree, which involves six years of studying general medicine, followed by further study to specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness and emotional problems.   

Services provided

Psychologists assist people with everyday problems such as stress and relationship difficulties, and some specialise in treating people with a mental illness. They help people to develop the skills needed to function better and to prevent ongoing problems.

• Read about the common reasons why people see psychologists

Psychiatrists treat the effects of emotional disturbances on the body and the effects of physical conditions on the mind.

Prescribing medication

Psychologists cannot prescribe medication. Their treatments are based on changing behaviour and emotional responses without medication. There is a considerable amount of evidence showing psychological treatments are effective.

• Read about the effectiveness of psychological treatments

Psychiatrists can prescribe medication. Some combine medication with other forms of therapy.