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Glucose (grape-sugar)

 

Possible aplication of gene technology Labelling
Raw material starch from GM maize possible
Enzymes, produced with the aid of GM microorganisms no

 

Description

Glucose is a simple sugar that is widespread in nature. It is a basic component of starch and cellulose and also may be found in blood and urine. The sugar, which also is known as "dextrose" and "grape-sugar" is commonly used in the production of food.

  • As a rule, glucose is produced from purified and crystallised glucose syrup which is the most significant product in the saccharification of starch.

Application

Glucose is regarded as an "energy provider" since it is immediately absorbed and processed by the body:

  • as a sprinkle or in pressed form
  • in widespread application in sweets, beverages or "sport nutrition"

Gene technology

Glucose is produced from starch. The application of gene technology is possible in the case of plant-based sources of starch, particularly in the production of enzymes with which starch is broken down and modified.

  • Raw material starch: maize or its derivative starch (known as "cornflour") may be composed to a certain degree of genetically modified maize, particularly when raw materials are imported from the USA or from Argentina. In the EU genetically modified maize is cultivated on a small scale, but is not used as a raw material for foodstuffs. This could change if GM maize would be cultivated on a larger scale. Ingredients from several types of GM maize have been approved in the EU.
    In the future also: starch frompotatoes or wheat .
  • Enzymes break down starches in to their basic components and modifiy these. Thereby, a variety of ingredients and additives are obtained that display specific characteristics. Several of the enzymes that are used in this process are produced with the aid of genetically modified microorganisms and include amylases, glucose-isomerase and pullulanase (saccharification of starches).

Labelling: Starch-based ingredients must be labelled when they are produced directly from genetically modified plants such as maize. The question remains open of whether this applies to glucose that is produced in a series of steps from starch.

Enzymes and their type of provenance generally are not indicated on the list of ingredients.

 
December 10, 2008 [nach oben springen]

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