olanzapine, Zyprexa, Zydis, Relprevv
Pharmacy Author:
Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD
Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD
Dr. Ogbru received his Doctorate in Pharmacy from the University of the Pacific School of Pharmacy in 1995. He completed a Pharmacy Practice Residency at the University of Arizona/University Medical Center in 1996. He was a Professor of Pharmacy Practice and a Regional Clerkship Coordinator for the University of the Pacific School of Pharmacy from 1996-99.
Medical and Pharmacy Editor:
Jay W. Marks, MD
Jay W. Marks, MD
Jay W. Marks, MD, is a board-certified internist and gastroenterologist. He graduated from Yale University School of Medicine and trained in internal medicine and gastroenterology at UCLA/Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.
GENERIC NAME: olanzapine
BRAND NAME: Zyprexa, Zydis, Relprevv
DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Olanzapine is a drug that is used to treat
schizophrenia and acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder.
Olanzapine belongs to a drug class known as atypical antipsychotics. Other
members of this class include clozapine (Clozaril), risperidone (Risperdal),
aripiprazole (Abilify) and ziprasidone (Geodon). The exact mechanism of action
of olanzapine is not known. It may work by blocking receptors for several
neurotransmitters (chemicals that nerves use to communicate with each other) in
the brain. It binds to alpha-1, dopamine, histamine H-1, muscarinic, and
serotonin type 2 (5-HT2) receptors. Olanzapine was approved by the FDA in 1996.
PRESCRIPTION: Yes
GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes
PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 mg. Tablets (orally
disintegrating): 5, 10, 15, 20 mg. Injection (immediate release): 10 mg vial.
Suspension for Injection (extended release): 210, 300, and 405 mg (powder).
STORAGE: Tablets should be kept at room temperature, 20-25 C (68-77 F).
Suspension is stored at room temperature not to exceed 30 C (86 F).
PRESCRIBED FOR: Olanzapine is used for treating schizophrenia and acute mixed
or manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder. It also is used as
maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder and treating agitation due to
schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Olanzapine also is used in combination with
fluoxetine (Prozac) for treatment of resistant depression and treatment of
depression associated with bipolar disorder.
DOSING: The usual oral dose of olanzapine for treating schizophrenia is 10-20
mg once daily. Therapy is initiated with 5-10 mg/day, and the dose may be
increased by 5 mg a day at weekly intervals. The maximum dose is 20 mg daily.
The recommended dose of extended release injection is 150-405 mg every 2 or 4
weeks.
Treatment of bipolar disorder usually is initiated with oral doses of 10-15
mg once daily. The dose may be increased by 5 mg daily at 24 hour intervals. The
maximum dose is 20 mg daily.
The usual dose for treating agitation due to schizophrenia or bipolar
disorder is 10 mg administered by intramuscular injection (immediate release).
Additional 10 mg doses may be administered, but the efficacy of total doses
greater than 30 mg daily have not been adequately evaluated.
The recommended treatment for resistant depression is 5-20 mg of olanzapine
combined with 20-50 mg of fluoxetine once daily in the evening while the
recommended treatment for depression associated with bipolar disorder is 5-12.5
mg olanzapine combined with 20-50 mg fluoxetine once daily in the evening.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Carbamazepine (Tegretol) can reduce blood concentrations
of olanzapine, possibly necessitating higher doses of olanzapine. Other drugs
that may also reduce blood levels of olanzapine are omeprazole (Prilosec) and
rifampin. Smoking may reduce blood concentrations of olanzapine. Ciprofloxacin
(Cipro), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac), erythromycin, and fluvoxamine
(Luvox) may have the opposite effect, that is, they may increase blood levels of
olanzapine, and the dose of olanzapine may need to be reduced. Olanzapine can
cause orthostatic hypotension, a drop in blood pressure upon standing up that
may cause dizziness or even fainting. Taking olanzapine with either diazepam
(Valium), other related benzodiazepines or alcohol can exaggerate the
orthostatic hypotension caused by olanzapine.
Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.
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olanzapine, Zyprexa, Zydis, Relprevv
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder »
What is posttraumatic stress disorder?
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an emotional illness that that is classified as an anxiety disorder and usually
develops as a result of a terribly frightening, life-threatening, or otherwise
highly unsafe experience. PTSD sufferers re-experience the traumatic event or
events in some way, tend to avoid places, people, or other things that remind
them of the event (avoidance), and are exquisitely sensitive to normal life
experiences (hyperarousal). Although this condition has likely existed since
human beings have endured trauma, PTSD has only been recognized as a formal
diagnosis since 1980. However, it was called by different names as early as the
American Civil War, when combat veterans were referred to as suffering from
"soldier's heart." In World War I, symptoms that were generally consistent with
this syndrome were referred to as "combat fatigue." Soldiers who developed such
symptoms in World War II w...
Read the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder article »
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