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writing

Primary Contributor: David R. Olson
ARTICLE
from
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
Cuneiform tablet featuring a tally of sheep and goats, from Tello, southern Iraq.
[Credit: © Gianni Dagli Orti/Corbis]

writing, System of human visual communication using signs or symbols associated by convention with units of language—meanings or sounds—and recorded on materials such as paper, stone, or clay.

Its precursor was pictography. Logography, in which symbols stand for individual words, typically develops from pictography. Logography requires thousands of symbols for all possible words and names. In phonographic systems, the symbol associated with a word also stands for similar- or identical-sounding words. Phonographic systems may evolve to the point where symbols represent syllables, constituting a syllabary. An alphabet provides symbols for all the consonants and vowels.

... (98 of 12275 words)
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Other Britannica Sites

Articles from Britannica encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.

Writing - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)

Writing is a way of showing speech, or spoken language, with marks. People can make these marks on stone, paper, or a computer screen. People use writing to communicate with others.

writing - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)

The history and prehistory of writing are as long as the history of civilization itself. Indeed the development of communication by writing was a basic step in the advance of civilization (see Writing, Communication by).

LINKS
External Web Sites
The topic writing is discussed at the following external Web sites.
Fact Monster - Cool Stuff - Writing
WritersNet
"Platform for writers, editors, agents, and publishers. Includes submission details and a discussion forum."
Paradigm Online Writing Assistant
Rules of Writing
Guide to correct usage of grammar, style, and punctuation. Provides examples, references, and applications that help to improve writing skills. Includes a glossary of grammatical terms, and links to other resources.
University of Illinois - The Writers’ Workshop
Internet Public Library for Teens
HistoryWorld - History of Writing Materials
HistoryWorld - History of Writing
U. S. Department of Education - Read and Write
Collection of activities in English and Spanish for developing reading and writing skills in children. Includes activity books, guides for teachers, and a directory of literary resources.
The Scriptorium - History of Writing

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