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Description | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that preferentially bind phosphatidylserine (PS). Under normal physiologic conditions, PS is predominantly located in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Upon initiation of apoptosis, PS loses its asymmetric distribution across the phospholipid bilayer and is translocated to the extracellular membrane leaflet marking cells as targets of phagocytosis. Once on the outer surface of the membrane, PS can be detected by fluorescently labeled Annexin V in a calcium-dependent manner. In early-stage apoptosis, the plasma membrane excludes viability dyes such as propidium iodide (PI), 7-AAD, or Fixable Viability Dyes such as eFluorŪ 660 or eFluorŪ 780. These cells will stain with Annexin V but not a viability dye, thus distinguishing cells in early apoptosis. However, in late stage apoptosis, the cell membrane loses integrity thereby allowing Annexin V to also access PS in the interior of the cell. A viability dye can be used to resolve these late-stage apoptotic and necrotic cells (Annexin V, viability dye-positive) from the early-stage apoptotic cells (Annexin V positive, viability dye-negative). Not included: Propidium Iodide Staining Solution (cat. 00-6990). 7-AAD Viability Staining Solution (cat. 00-6993) Note: Fixable Viability Dye eFluorŪ 450 is not recommended for use with Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kits. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10X Binding Buffer: Annexin V 10x Binding Buffer is a stock solution that must be diluted prior to use with distilled water. Dilute 1 part Binding Buffer with 9 parts distilled water.. -50 Test kit comes with 30 ml (cat. 00-0055-43) -200 Test kit comes with 100 ml (cat. 00-0055-56) Annexin V-APC: -50 or 200 Test kit (5µl/test) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Applications Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. Annexin V-APC Apoptosis Detection Kit has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Applications Tested | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annexin V-APC Apoptosis Detection Kit has been pre-titrated and tested on Jurkat cells treated with 10µM Camptothecin for 4 hours. This can be used at 5µl per million cells in a 100µl total staining volume. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Special Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This kit is compatible with eBioscience IC Fixation Buffer (cat. 00-8222) for intracellular staining. It is recommended that eBioscience Fixable Viability Dyes (cat. 65-0863, and 65-0865) are used for viability staining for all intracellular staining protocols. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Andree HA, Reutelingsperger CP, Hauptmann R, Hemker HC, Hermens WT, Willems GM. Binding of vascular anticoagulant alpha (VAC alpha) to planar
phospholipid bilayers. J Biol Chem. 1990; 265(9):4923-4928 Koopman G, Reutelingsperger CP, Kuijten GA, Keehnen RM, Pals ST, van Oers MH. Annexin V for flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on B cells undergoing apoptosis. Blood. 1994; 84(5):1415-1420 Vermes I, Haanen C, Steffens-Nakken H, Reutelingsperger C. A novel assay for apoptosis. Flow cytometric detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labelled Annexin V. J Immunol Methods. 1995; 184(1):39-51 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protocol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
To view protocol, please download the TDS by clicking the PDF button above. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pat. No. EP 181 465 B2, EP 0509 026, USP 5,066,787 |
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