*Functional Grade™ (FG™) Purified: Azide-free, sterile-filtered, and endotoxin < 0.001 ng/µg (unless otherwise noted). *Functional Grade™ (FG™) Biotin: Azide-free, sterile-filtered, and endotoxin < 0.05 ng/µg. Purified: Contains azide, not sterile-filtered, and not endotoxin tested.
Flow Cytometry Product Notes: Test Sizes: To accommodate multicolor flow cytometry, eBioscience is in the process of reducing test size volumes from 20 µL to 5 µL. Please check your antibody vial for the recommended test size. Fluorochrome Replacements: eBioscience is in the process of replacing all Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugated products with eFluor® 660 conjugated products.
Description
The MP6-XT22 antibody reacts with mouse tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a 17 kDa cytokine produced by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells and CD4+ T cells. TNF-α has cytolytic activity against a range of tumor cells and is important in immune regulation. TNF-α forms dimers and trimers and also exists as a 26 kDa membrane-bound form.
Applications Reported
For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. The MP6-XT22 antibody has been reported for use in ELISA, neutralization, and intracellular staining for flow cytometric analysis.
Applications Tested
This MP6-XT22 antibody is offered in 2 formats:
- μg size: has been tested by intracellular flow cytometric analysis. This can be used at less than or equal to 0.25 μg per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg)/test of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 105 to 108 cells/test. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest.
- test size: has been pre-titrated and tested by intracellular flow cytometric analysis. This can be used at test size: 20 μl (0.125 μg)/per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg)/test of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 105 to 108 cells/test. The pre-titrated test size contains 0.2% BSA.
References
Hunter CA, Litton MJ, et al. 1994. Immunocytochemical detection of cytokines in the lymph nodes and brains of mice resistant or susceptible to toxoplasmic encephalitis. J Infect Dis. 170(4): 939-45.
Litton MJ, Sander B, et al. 1994. Early expression of cytokines in lymph nodes after treatment in vivo with Staphylococcus enterotoxin B. J Immunol Methods 175(1): 47-58.
Abrams JS, Roncarolo MG, et al. 1992. Strategies of anti-cytokine monoclonal antibody development: immunoassay of IL-10 and IL-5 in clinical samples. Immunol Rev. 127: 5-24.
Chackerian B, Lowy DR and Schiller JT. 2001. Conjugation of a self-antigen to papillomavirus-like particles allows for efficient induction of protective autoantibodies. J Clin Invest. 108(3):415-23. (IHC frozen, PubMed)
Williams RO, Mauri C, et al. 1998. Therapeutic actions of cyclosporine and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha in collagen-induced arthritis and the effect of combination therapy. Arthritis Rheum. 41(10):1806-12. (IHC frozen, PubMed)