Ice Age Floods Institute
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A vast, barren landscape–carved thousands of years ago by gigantic floods...

A perplexing scientific puzzle still being solved...

The Ice Age Floods

This painting gives a hint of the awesome force and volume of the Ice Age Floods. It shows the first rush of a Missoula Flood coming into the lower Columbia River Gorge. The speed of the floods approached 60 mph through the Gorge. Beacon Rock is in the distance, with the viewer standing on Crown Point in the right foreground. At maximum flow, the largest of the floods filled the Gorge, overtopping Crown Point.

(Image: "Age's End" © 2005 Stev H. Ominski. More information here.)


During the last Ice Age (18,000 to 12,000 years ago), and in multiple previous Ice Ages, cataclysmic floods inundated portions of the Pacific Northwest from Glacial Lake Missoula, pluvial Lake Bonneville, and perhaps from subglacial outbursts. Glacial Lake Missoula was a body of water as large as some of the USA's Great Lakes. This lake formed from glacial meltwater that was dammed by a lobe of the Canadian ice sheet. Episodically, perhaps every 40 to 140 years, the waters of this huge lake forced its way past the ice dam, inundating parts of the Pacific Northwest. Eventually, the ice receded northward far enough that the dam did not reform, and the flooding episodes ceased.

The IAFI website provides information about:

  • The immensely powerful, cataclysmic Ice Age Floods that swept across the Pacific Northwest during recent geologic time

  • The proposal for an Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail, which would be a system of travel routes linking significant sites and interpretive facilities across the region

  • The Ice Age Floods Institute, a non-profit organization dedicated to the authoritative presentation of the fascinating but little-known story of the floods

We invite you to use the site to investigate the floods story further, and to visit and explore the extraordinary landscape itself. We also invite your support and participation as an Institute member or contributor.

Please send comments and suggestions about the site to the Webmaster.


The Ice Age Floods Institute is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, non-profit organization. ©Copyright 2002-2008 by IAFI and content contributors. All rights reserved.

Last updated 8/18/2008.   Contact the Webmaster.