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Heat Values of various fuels

5 March 2010

  Heat value % carbon CO2
Hydrogen 121 MJ/kg 0 0
Petrol/gasoline 44-46 MJ/kg    
  32 MJ/l    
Diesel fuel 45 MJ/kg    
  39 MJ/l    
Crude oil 42-44 MJ/kg 89 70-73 g/MJ
  37-39 MJ/l    
Methanol 20 MJ/kg 37  
  18 MJ/L    
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 49 MJ/kg 81 59 g/MJ
Natural gas (UK, USA, Australia) 38-39 MJ/m3 76 51 g/MJ
Natural gas (Canada) 37 MJ/m3    
Natural gas (Russia) 34 MJ/m3    
Natural gas as LNG (Australia) 55 MJ/kg    
Hard black coal (IEA definition) >23.9 MJ/kg    
Hard black coal (Australia & Canada) c 25.5 MJ/kg 67 90 g/MJ
Sub-bituminous coal (IEA definition) 17.4-23.9 MJ/kg    
Sub-bituminous coal (Australia & Canada) c 18 MJ/kg    
Lignite/brown coal (IEA definition) 17.4 MJ/kg
Lignite/brown coal (Australia, electricity) c 10 MJ/kg 25 1.25 kg/kWh
Firewood (dry) 16 MJ/kg 42 94 g/MJ
Natural uranium, in LWR (normal reactor) 500 GJ/kg 0 0
Natural uranium, in LWR with U & Pu recycle 650 GJ/kg 0 0
Natural uranium, in FNR 28,000 GJ/kg 0 0
Uranium enriched to 3.5%, in LWR 3900 GJ/kg 0 0

 

Uranium figures are based on 45,000 MWd/t burn-up of 3.5% enriched U in LWR
MJ = l06 Joule, GJ = 109 J;
% carbon is by mass; mass CO2 = 3.667 mass C
MJ to kWh @ 33% efficiency: x 0.0926
One tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is equal to 41.868 GJ

 

Sources

OECD/IEA Electricity Information 2008, for coal;
Australian Energy Consumption and Production, historical trends and projections, ABARE Research Report 1999.

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