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1a.
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Danish fishermen (foreground) ferry a boatload of Jewish fugitives across a narrow sound to neutral Sweden. Frihedsmuseet #70737
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View of the defendants in the dock at the International Military Tribunal during the trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. National Archives #61323
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Spectators look on as German police and men presumed to be members of an Einsatzkommando (mobile killing unit) execute men standing in a trench. The sand indicates that this photograph may show an action carried out along the coast of the Baltic Sea. Dokumentationsarchiv des Oesterreichischen Widerstandes #19157
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1b.
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 Der Giftpilz (The Poisonous Mushroom).">
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Cover of the antisemitic German children’s book, Der Giftpilz (The Poisonous Mushroom). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #40000
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Antisemitic posters, handbills, and stickers (including an election leaflet.) Institute of Contemporary History and Wiener Library Limited #10641
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Local residents watch the burning of the ceremonial hall at the Jewish cemetery in Graz. National Archives #04372
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A canister of Zyklon B gas crystals lies overturned on a table with some of its contents spilled. Archiwum Panstwowego Muzeum na Majdanku #n01196
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1c.
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Local residents watch the burning of the ceremonial hall at the Jewish cemetery in Graz. National Archives #04372
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 Kristallnacht and forced to march through the town streets under SS guard to watch the desecration of a synagogue. They were then deported.">
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Male Jews who were arrested during Kristallnacht and forced to march through the town streets under SS guard to watch the desecration of a synagogue. They were then deported. Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz #27224
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1d.
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This election poster calls on Germans to vote in support of Hitler’s hand-picked candidates to the Reichstag (the German parliament). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #1998uzvr
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1e.
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Passport photograph of Raoul Wallenberg. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #06917a
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View of the defendants in the dock at the International Military Tribunal during the trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. National Archives #61323
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Side view of the Danish rescue boat on the second floor of the Permanent Exhibition at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #n00282
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A canister of Zyklon B gas crystals lies overturned on a table with some of its contents spilled. Archiwum Panstwowego Muzeum na Majdanku #n01196
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2.
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Piles of shoes that belonged to prisoners killed in the gas chambers at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Poland, wartime. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #0009
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Belongings of Auschwitz inmates: suitcases found after liberation (the suitcases had not been shipped to Germany). National Archives #12022a
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A view of the Auschwitz II camp, showing the camp barracks. National Archives #04412
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Newly arrived prisoners, with shaven heads, stand at attention in their civilian clothes during a roll call in the Buchenwald concentration camp. American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee #79914
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Group portrait of Jewish high school students at the Hebrew gymnasium in Mukachevo (Munkacs). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #42559
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The Kohn family poses with Lina Spitzer in front of her home in Rechnitz. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #33984
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1a.
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Animated Map: The Holocaust
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Antisemitic posters, handbills, and stickers (including an election leaflet.) Institute of Contemporary History and Wiener Library Limited #10641
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Local residents watch the burning of the ceremonial hall at the Jewish cemetery in Graz. National Archives #04372
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German soldiers of the Waffen-SS and the Reich Labor Service look on as a member of an Einsatzgruppe (mobile killing unit) prepares to shoot a Ukrainian Jew kneeling on the edge of a mass grave filled with corpses. Library of Congress #64407
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1b.
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Arrival of arrested Jews at the Austerlitz train station. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #78893
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SS guards walk along the arrival ramp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Yad Vashem Photo Archives #77220
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Major deportations to extermination camps, 1942-1944. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #eur78940
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2a.
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Der Giftpilz (The Poisonous Mushroom).">
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Cover of the antisemitic German children’s book, Der Giftpilz (The Poisonous Mushroom). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #40000
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The Kohn family poses with Lina Spitzer in front of her home in Rechnitz. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #33984
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Kathe Spiegler, the half-sister of Eugen Spitzer, poses near a pond in Vienna. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #33974
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Olga Fuchel relaxes with her dogs in the Vienna apartment she shared with her husband, Rudolf. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #06172
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2b.
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Animated Map: Warsaw Ghetto
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A Jewish policeman directs traffic at the intersection of Leszno and Karmelicka streets in the Warsaw ghetto. Bundesarchiv #14085
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2c.
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The Kohn family poses with Lina Spitzer in front of her home in Rechnitz. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #33984
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Kathe Spiegler, the half-sister of Eugen Spitzer, poses near a pond in Vienna. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #33974
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Olga Fuchel relaxes with her dogs in the Vienna apartment she shared with her husband, Rudolf. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #06172
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3.
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Thousands of shoes confiscated from arriving prisoners at the Majdanek camp. Archiwum Panstwowego Muzeum na Majdanku #n00031
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Belongings of Auschwitz inmates: suitcases found after liberation (the suitcases had not been shipped to Germany). National Archives #12022a
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Group portrait of Jewish high school students at the Hebrew gymnasium in Mukachevo (Munkacs). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #42559
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A collection of toothbrushes confiscated from Auschwitz concentration camp prisoners. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #n01138
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4a.
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Animated Map: Warsaw Ghetto
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Animated Map: Auschwitz
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Children in the Westerbork transit camp. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #18139
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View of the entrance to Auschwitz-Birkenau; taken from inside the camp. Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz #08909
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Jewish women at forced labor on "Industry Street" in the Plaszow concentration camp. Leopold Page Photographic Collection #50705
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Newly arrived prisoners, with shaven heads, stand at attention in their civilian clothes during a roll call in the Buchenwald concentration camp. American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee #79914
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4b.
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Using calipers, a racial hygienist measures the forehead of a young man. Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz #71187
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5.
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Anti-Jewish measures climaxed with the April 1, 1933, boycott of Jewish-owned businesses. This footage depicts a Jewish anti-Nazi march in Chicago. National Archives #dnp0214c
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Jewish war veterans march to city hall with members of the American Legion and other veterans organizations to protest against the Nazi persecution of German Jews. National Archives #44164
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6.
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 St. Louis, surrounded by smaller vessels in the port of Havana.">
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A view of the St. Louis, surrounded by smaller vessels in the port of Havana. Herbert Karliner #88358
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 St. Louis passenger Fritz Buff. The cover features an image of the ship.">
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Cover of a photo album belonging to St. Louis passenger Fritz Buff. The cover features an image of the ship. Fred Buff #29731
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German citizens salute Adolf Hitler at the opening of the 11th Olympiad in Berlin. National Archives #14495
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An aerial reconnaissance photograph of the Auschwitz concentration camp, showing Auschwitz II (Birkenau). National Archives #03996
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7.
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Danish fishermen (foreground) ferry a boatload of Jewish fugitives across a narrow sound to neutral Sweden. Frihedsmuseet #70737
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Jews buying and selling on the corner of Dvaro Street in the Kovno ghetto. Simon Wiesenthal Center #25151
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8.
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Detail of prisoner uniforms displayed on the second floor of the Permanent Exhibition at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #n02489
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A canister of Zyklon B gas crystals lies overturned on a table with some of its contents spilled. Archiwum Panstwowego Muzeum na Majdanku #n01196
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Passport photograph of Raoul Wallenberg. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #06917a
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A crowd of Viennese children looks on as Austrian Nazis force a Jewish youth to paint the word "Jude" on his father’s store. Oesterreichische Institut fuer Zeitgeschichte #01510
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9.
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One of the three milk cans used by Warsaw ghetto historian Emanuel Ringelblum to store and preserve the secret "Oneg Shabbat" ghetto archives. Zydowski Instytut Historyczny Instytut Naukowo-Badawczy #n00100
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Archivists at the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw sort through the contents of the Ringelblum archive, retrieved from two milk cans discovered in 1946 and 1950 in the ruins of buildings in the former ghetto. Sovfoto/Eastfoto #27069
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10.
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Passport photograph of Raoul Wallenberg. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #06917a
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11.
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German soldiers of the Waffen-SS and the Reich Labor Service look on as a member of an Einsatzgruppe (mobile killing unit) prepares to shoot a Ukrainian Jew kneeling on the edge of a mass grave filled with corpses. Library of Congress #64407
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Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing unit) massacres in eastern Europe, June 1941-November 1942. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #eur73960
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Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing unit) massacres in eastern Europe, June 1941-November 1942. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #eeu73050
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12.
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View of the railcar on display in the Permanent Exhibition of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #n00090
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A transport of Jews from Carpathian Ruthenia is taken off the trains and assembled on the ramp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Yad Vashem Photo Archives #77221
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Jews from Carpathian Ruthenia undergo a selection on the ramp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Yad Vashem Photo Archives #77234
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A view of the Auschwitz II camp, showing the camp barracks. National Archives #04412
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An aerial reconnaissance photograph of the Auschwitz concentration camp, showing Auschwitz II (Birkenau). National Archives #03996
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View of the entrance to the main camp of Auschwitz (Auschwitz I). The gate bears the motto "Arbeit Macht Frei" (Work makes one free). Main Commission for the Prosecution of the Crimes against the Polish Nation #00001
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View of the entrance to Auschwitz-Birkenau; taken from inside the camp. Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz #08909
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Belongings of Auschwitz inmates: suitcases found after liberation (the suitcases had not been shipped to Germany). National Archives #12022a
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14.
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A dog lies on a park bench which is marked "Nur fuer Arier!" (Only for Aryans). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #63705
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Animated Map: The Holocaust
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Animated Map: Warsaw Ghetto
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Animated Map: Auschwitz
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Animated Map: World War II
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Animated Map: Rescue
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2.
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Jewish emigration from Germany, 1933-1940 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #wor79170
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3.
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Jewish armed resistance in ghettos and camps, 1941-1944 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum #pol75480
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