Born in Abu Dis village, Jerusalem; served in the British Police in 1926-1941; participated in the Palestinian resistance movement under the leadership of Abdul-Qader al-Husseini in the 1940s. Al-Fatwah troops in 1976, and El-Jihad muqades 1947-1949; elected member of Jordanian Parliament in the 1950s and its speaker in the 1970s.

Born in 1920, in Abu Dis village, Jerusalem. Studied at The Friends School in Ramallah in 1938. Joined the army in 1939, and remained in the military until 1969. In this period he occupied several posts such as the Head of a British Mission to Saudi Arabia in 1943, and Head of the British Army Transportation at Suez Channel in 1946. Was also Head of East Jerusalem District in Al-Jihad al-Muqaddas in 1947, Later became the Jordanian military attaché to France in 1955, and to Britain, in 1957. Head of the Jordanian Delegation at the Truce Committee of the United Nations League in 1959. In 1969, he was appointed as Minister of Public Affairs, and later, as Minister of Transport.

Born in Jerusalem; M.A. graduate from San Francisco State University in 1979; Ph.D.: Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies, Bradford University, England, 1983; lecturer of political science at An-Najah University; member of the Palestinian negotiating team to the Madrid peace conference; PA Minister of Local Government and Municipal Affairs.