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Author	Nightingale, Carl Husemoller
Title	Segregation : a global history of divided cities / Carl H. Nightingale
Imprint	Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2012

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Cincinnati State Stacks 305.8009173 N688, 2012 AVAILABLE

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Contents

Acknowledgments xi

Introduction 1

pt. ONE ANCESTRIES

1. Seventy Centuries Of City-Splitting 19

Before Race Mattered 19

The Long Shadow of the Ziggurat 20

Segregating Strangers 27

Scapegoat Ghettos 32

Quarters for Classes, Crafts, Clans, Castes, and the Sexes 39

Ancient and Medieval Legacies 44

pt. TWO COLOR AND RACE COME TO THE CITY

2. White Town/Black Town 47

Governor Pitt's Madras 47

The Rise and Fall of American (and South African) Segregation in Colonial Times 49

Eastward Connections 54

The Cross-Colonial Color Connection 65

Color before Race 71

3. Race And The London-Calcutta Connection 75

The Modern Way to Split a City 75

How London Conquered and Divided Calcutta 79

Race and the Imperial City 83

The London-Calcutta Sanitation Connection 88

The West End-White Town Connection 95

London's Calcutta Problem 106

pt. THREE SURGES OF SEGREGATION IN THE COLONIES

4. The Stations Raj 113

Paradoxes of Detachment and Dependence 113

Beyond Calcutta 116

Stations of the Empire 118

"Bring Your Cities and Stations within the Pale of Civilization" 125

Stations for Sale? 129

Beyond India 133

5. Segregating The Pacific 135

Incomings and Outgoings 135

Segregating China's Gateways 137

Two Tides in the Pacific 147

Segregating All Oceans 154

6. Segregation Mania 159

A Call to All Continents 159

The Germ Theory of Segregation 163

Segregation Sails East with the Plague 166

Hunting Rats, Fleas, and Mosquitoes in Africa 172

The High Tide of Segregation Mania 178

The Long End of the Craze 185

Legacies of the Mania 190

7. The Outer Limits Of Colonial Urbanism 193

Imperial Monuments, Imperial Tombstones 193

French Connections 195

A French Calcutta? 199

Planet Haussmann 203

Splitting Cities, Beaux-Arts Style 209

Sunset at New Delhi 218

A Bitter Epitaph 224

pt. FOUR THE ARCHSEGREGATIONISTS

8. The Multifarious Segregation Of Johannesburg 229

Archsegregationism and the Wider World 229

Squaring Race and Civilization 236

A Keystone of Global Anglo-Saxondom 240

The Birth of "Separate Development" 244

From Labor Control to "Influx Control" 249

Grandparents of the Group Areas 254

9. The Furies Fly In The Settlers' City 261

Arrogance and Its Agonies 261

The Intimacies of Race War 264

They Will Buy Us Out of the Country 275

Pandora's Segregationism 284

The Birth Pangs of Nation-State Segregation 290

10. Camouflaging The Color Line In Chicago 295

A Subtler Sort of Segregation? 295

Segregating the United States 296

Jim-Crowing the Neighborhoods 300

Segregation by Profiteer, Protective Association, and Pogrom 307

A Time for Camouflage 317

The "Iron Ring"? 327

11. Segregation At The Extremes 333

Split Cities and the Global Cataclysm 333

Hitler's "Death Boxes" 335

A New Deal for America's Color Lines 341

The Sinister Synthesis of Apartheid 358

pt. FIVE FRAGMENTED LEGACIES

12. Outplanking A Global Revolution 383

Age of Liberation, Age of Apocalypse 383

Have Ghettos Gone Global? 387

Postcolonial and Neocolonial City-Splitting 402

A New Century of Settler Segregation? 411

Epilogue: People, the Planet, and Segregated Cities 421

Notes 431

Index 483

Description xviii, 517 pages : illustrations, maps ; 24 cm

Series Historical studies of urban America

Historical studies of urban America

Note Includes bibliographical references and index

Contents Seventy centuries of city-splitting -- White town/black town -- Race and the London-Calcutta connection -- The stations Raj -- Segregating the Pacific -- Segregation mania -- The outer limits of colonial urbanism -- The multifarious segregation of Johannesburg -- The furies fly in the settlers' city -- Camouflaging the color line in Chicago -- Segregation at the extremes -- Outflanking a global revolution -- Epilogue: People, the planet, and segregated cities

Summary "When we think of segregation, what often comes to mind is apartheid South Africa, or the American South in the age of Jim Crow -- two societies fundamentally premised on the concept of the separation of the races. But as Carl H. Nightingale shows us in this magisterial history, segregation is everywhere, deforming cities and societies worldwide. Starting with segregation'ђةs ancient roots, and what the archaeological evidence reveals about humanity'ђةs long-standing use of urban divisions to reinforce political and economic inequality, Nightingale then moves to the world of European colonialism. It was there, he shows, segregation based on color -- and eventually on race -- took hold; the British East India Company, for example, split Calcutta into 'ђبWhite Town'ђة and 'ђبBlack Town.'ђة As we follow Nightingale'ђةs story around the globe, we see that division replicated from Hong Kong to Nairobi, Baltimore to San Francisco, and more. The turn of the twentieth century saw the most aggressive segregation movements yet, as white communities almost everywhere set to rearranging whole cities along racial lines. Nightingale focuses closely on two striking examples: Johannesburg, with its state-sponsored separation, and Chicago, in which the goal of segregation was advanced by the more subtle methods of real estate markets and housing policy. For the first time ever, the majority of humans live in cities, and nearly all those cities bear the scars of segregation. This unprecedented, ambitious history lays bare our troubled past, and sets us on the path to imagining the better, more equal cities of the future."--Publisher's description

Subjects Discrimination in housing -- History

Segregation -- History

Urban policy -- History

Minorities -- Housing -- History

Discrimination in housing -- United States

Segregation -- United States

Urban policy -- United States

Minorities -- Housing -- United States

LC NO HD7288.75 .N54 2012

Dewey No 305.8009173/2 23

OCLC # 756577552

ISBN 9780226580746

0226580741

LCCN 2011050362

	Acknowledgments	xi
	Introduction	1
pt. ONE	ANCESTRIES
1.	Seventy Centuries Of City-Splitting	19
	Before Race Mattered	19
	The Long Shadow of the Ziggurat	20
	Segregating Strangers	27
	Scapegoat Ghettos	32
	Quarters for Classes, Crafts, Clans, Castes, and the Sexes	39
	Ancient and Medieval Legacies	44
pt. TWO	COLOR AND RACE COME TO THE CITY
2.	White Town/Black Town	47
	Governor Pitt's Madras	47
	The Rise and Fall of American (and South African) Segregation in Colonial Times	49
	Eastward Connections	54
	The Cross-Colonial Color Connection	65
	Color before Race	71
3.	Race And The London-Calcutta Connection	75
	The Modern Way to Split a City	75
	How London Conquered and Divided Calcutta	79
	Race and the Imperial City	83
	The London-Calcutta Sanitation Connection	88
	The West End-White Town Connection	95
	London's Calcutta Problem	106
pt. THREE	SURGES OF SEGREGATION IN THE COLONIES
4.	The Stations Raj	113
	Paradoxes of Detachment and Dependence	113
	Beyond Calcutta	116
	Stations of the Empire	118
	"Bring Your Cities and Stations within the Pale of Civilization"	125
	Stations for Sale?	129
	Beyond India	133
5.	Segregating The Pacific	135
	Incomings and Outgoings	135
	Segregating China's Gateways	137
	Two Tides in the Pacific	147
	Segregating All Oceans	154
6.	Segregation Mania	159
	A Call to All Continents	159
	The Germ Theory of Segregation	163
	Segregation Sails East with the Plague	166
	Hunting Rats, Fleas, and Mosquitoes in Africa	172
	The High Tide of Segregation Mania	178
	The Long End of the Craze	185
	Legacies of the Mania	190
7.	The Outer Limits Of Colonial Urbanism	193
	Imperial Monuments, Imperial Tombstones	193
	French Connections	195
	A French Calcutta?	199
	Planet Haussmann	203
	Splitting Cities, Beaux-Arts Style	209
	Sunset at New Delhi	218
	A Bitter Epitaph	224
pt. FOUR	THE ARCHSEGREGATIONISTS
8.	The Multifarious Segregation Of Johannesburg	229
	Archsegregationism and the Wider World	229
	Squaring Race and Civilization	236
	A Keystone of Global Anglo-Saxondom	240
	The Birth of "Separate Development"	244
	From Labor Control to "Influx Control"	249
	Grandparents of the Group Areas	254
9.	The Furies Fly In The Settlers' City	261
	Arrogance and Its Agonies	261
	The Intimacies of Race War	264
	They Will Buy Us Out of the Country	275
	Pandora's Segregationism	284
	The Birth Pangs of Nation-State Segregation	290
10.	Camouflaging The Color Line In Chicago	295
	A Subtler Sort of Segregation?	295
	Segregating the United States	296
	Jim-Crowing the Neighborhoods	300
	Segregation by Profiteer, Protective Association, and Pogrom	307
	A Time for Camouflage	317
	The "Iron Ring"?	327
11.	Segregation At The Extremes	333
	Split Cities and the Global Cataclysm	333
	Hitler's "Death Boxes"	335
	A New Deal for America's Color Lines	341
	The Sinister Synthesis of Apartheid	358
pt. FIVE	FRAGMENTED LEGACIES
12.	Outplanking A Global Revolution	383
	Age of Liberation, Age of Apocalypse	383
	Have Ghettos Gone Global?	387
	Postcolonial and Neocolonial City-Splitting	402
	A New Century of Settler Segregation?	411
	Epilogue: People, the Planet, and Segregated Cities	421
	Notes	431
	Index	483

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